Contracting Commuter Rail Services, Volume 2: Commuter Rail System Profiles (2018)

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71 HISTORY NY&H began rail service in New York City. NY&H eventually reached Chatham Four Corners, 125 miles north of New York City. The New York Central acquired ownership of the New York and Harlem Railroad (NY&H). 1831 1852 1873 1968 1972 1981 1983 2003 2011 The New York Central and the Pennsylvania railroads merged to become PC. Penn Central (PC) leased the Hudson Line, the Harlem Line, and the Grand Central Terminal to NYMTA. PC sold the New Haven Line in New York to NYMTA and the New Haven Line in Connecticut to the state. Under provisions of the NRSA, Conrail’s responsibility to operate commuter rail services throughout its system was transferred to various public agencies and authorities, including NYMTA in New York State, which assumed responsibility for operating those services. Metro-North, formed by NYMTA after the NRSA was passed, became the operating entity for the former Conrail services north and east of New York City on January 1. The Port Jervis Line was acquired through long-term lease. The Port Jervis Line was reconstructed ahead of schedule and under budget following devastation from Tropical Storm Irene. Metro-North Metro-North Commuter Railroad Company New York Metropolitan Transportation Authority New York City–North and East NY The Metro-North Commuter Railroad Company (Metro-North) is one of the two subsidiaries of the New York Metropolitan Transportation Authority (NYMTA) that operate commuter rail service in the greater New York City metropolitan area. The other is the Long Island Rail Road. On the basis of ridership, these are the two largest commuter railroads in North America. NYMTA is a public benefi t corporation of the State of New York and is responsible for developing and implementing a unifi ed mass transportation policy for New York City and Dutchess, Nassau, Orange, Putnam, Rockland, Suff olk, and Westchester counties. The Metro-North system is composed of fi ve main lines, serving a territory of approximately 2,701 square miles. The lines are divided by the Hudson River. Three main lines are east of the river—the Hudson, Harlem, and New Haven lines. They converge at the Harlem–125th Street Station and connect to Grand Central Terminal in New York City. Two lines are west of the river—the Port Jervis and Pascack Valley lines. They meet New Jersey Transit Corporation’s (NJ TRANSIT’s) trackage at the boundary between New York and New Jersey and eventually exchange at Secaucus Junction, with further connection to the Hoboken Terminal in New Jersey and Penn Station in New York City. Metro-North provides daily service from approximately 4:00 a.m. to 3:40 a.m. the next day, with headways of 20–30 minutes on weekdays and 60 minutes on weekends. According to the 2016 National Transit Database (NTD), the system carries over 86 million passengers annually. NYMTA and Metro-North own, lease, or have easements or other rights to the rolling stock, physical plant, and equipment used in the operation of the Hudson and Harlem lines, and to the physical plant and equipment used in the operation of the New York State portion of the New Haven Line. NYMTA and Metro-North own approximately 48% of the rolling stock used on the New Haven Line, and the Connecticut Department of Transportation (Connecticut DOT) owns the rest. Metro-North provides service west of the Hudson River on trains from Hoboken Terminal, New Jersey, jointly run with NJ TRANSIT under contract. Most stops for both lines are in New Jersey, so NJ TRANSIT provides most of the rolling stock; Metro-North supplies some

72 Contracting Commuter Rail Services, Volume 2: Commuter Rail System Profiles PERFORMANCE STATISTICS Past Trends 2012–2016 Service Data in RY* 2016 Data source: NTD *Report year: for each report year, NTD collects data refl ecting the reporter’s operation in the same fi scal year. Annual Operating Cost: $1,158,814,834 Total Directional Route Miles: 546 Passenger Car Revenue Miles: 69,580,238 Unlinked Passenger Trips: 86,297,511 Annual Total Passenger Miles: 2,522,415,696 Operating Cost per Passenger Car Revenue Mile Operating Cost per Passenger Passenger Trips per Passenger Car Revenue Mile Passenger Miles per Passenger Trip $16.65$16.27$16.97$16.43$15.38 20162015201420132012 $13.43$13.23$13.67$12.87 $11.36 20162015201420132012 1.241.231.241.28 1.35 20162015201420132012 29.23 27.28 30.6430.0329.43 20162015201420132012 NYMTA operates commuter rail services in the transportation district through its subsidiaries, Metro-North and the Long Island Rail Road. Although the chairman and members of NYMTA, by statute, are also the chairman and members of the subsidiaries and affi liates, these agencies have their own management structures that are responsible for day-to-day operations. Each agency’s president, who serves as its chief operating offi cer, oversees the day-to-day operation of each of the commuter rail services. The Federal Railroad Administration regulates and monitors adherence to and compliance with its required plans and programs for Metro-North service. Since Metro-North employees self-operate this system and deliver all services, Metro-North is responsible for developing resiliency plans, implementing service recovery strategies, delivering capital programs, and reporting data that meet the requirements of the NTD to the Federal Transit Administration. Metro-North management and employees have provided all aspects of this service since assuming operational responsibility from the Consolidated Rail Corporation (Conrail) on January 1, 1983, as a consequence of the Northeast Rail Service Act of 1981 (NRSA). equipment. All stations west of the Hudson River in New York except Suffern are owned and operated by Metro-North. Suffern is owned and operated by NJ TRANSIT. CONTRACTED SERVICE GOVERNANCE General Contracted Service Informa on Oversight and Responsibili es As mentioned previously, Metro-North’s two lines west of the Hudson River, the Port Jervis Line and the Pascack Valley Line, directly connect to counterpart NJ TRANSIT lines, which are the Main Line and the Pascack Valley Line, respectively. Metro-North and NJ TRANSIT have worked together in close coordination to deliver service on the two integrated lines since January 1, 1983 (NJ TRANSIT also took its service over from Conrail with its own management and employees on the same day). Metro-North and NJ TRANSIT have a cooperative venture rather than a competitively bid service for the operation of the West of Hudson service. Metro-North owns all of the equipment operating in New York State for the West of Hudson service. NJ TRANSIT operates the service under contract to Metro-North, and Metro-North performs the infrastructure maintenance within New York State. For the New Haven Line service, Metro-North and the Connecticut DOT have a non-competitively bid arrangement. Connecticut DOT owns the rolling stock for the entire line and the rail infrastructure within Connecticut. Metro-North owns the rail infrastructure in New York State, operates the trains, maintains the rolling stock, and maintains the infrastructure in both states.

Metro-North 73 A—Agency; B—Host Railroad (RR); C—Amtrak; D—Independent Contractors (RR or Non-RR) A B C D Train Operations Maintenance of Infrastructure Maintenance of Equipment Specifi cally: Train Dispatching Services Train Operations Maintenance of Equipment Facilities Maintenance Maintenance of Way Provision of Electric Traction Signals and Communication Positive Train Control Maintenance Station Operations and Maintenance Non-revenue Equipment Provision Safety Management Security Services Environmental Services Management/Oversight Services Materials Management Services Risk Management Assessment Customer Service Functions Marketing Communications Ticketing/Sales Revenue Collection Information Technology Systems Accident/Fatality Investigations/Support Supplemental Work Other (na) Contracted Service Matrix The matrix below illustrates the responsibility for major service functions for Metro-North. The capital letter A represents the NYMTA in-house staff (Metro-North). In this case, B for the host railroad, C for Amtrak, and D for the independent contractor are not applicable.