National Academies Press: OpenBook

TCRP Annual Report of Progress 2018 (2018)

Chapter: Summary of Project J-6 Status

« Previous: Summary of Project J-5 Status
Page 88
Suggested Citation:"Summary of Project J-6 Status ." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. TCRP Annual Report of Progress 2018. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25345.
×
Page 88
Page 89
Suggested Citation:"Summary of Project J-6 Status ." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. TCRP Annual Report of Progress 2018. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25345.
×
Page 89
Page 90
Suggested Citation:"Summary of Project J-6 Status ." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. TCRP Annual Report of Progress 2018. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25345.
×
Page 90
Page 91
Suggested Citation:"Summary of Project J-6 Status ." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. TCRP Annual Report of Progress 2018. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25345.
×
Page 91
Page 92
Suggested Citation:"Summary of Project J-6 Status ." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. TCRP Annual Report of Progress 2018. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25345.
×
Page 92
Page 93
Suggested Citation:"Summary of Project J-6 Status ." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. TCRP Annual Report of Progress 2018. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25345.
×
Page 93
Page 94
Suggested Citation:"Summary of Project J-6 Status ." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2018. TCRP Annual Report of Progress 2018. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25345.
×
Page 94

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

88 N o. Ti tle C on su lta nt St ar t D at e St af f O ffi ce r Es tim at ed C om pl et io n D at e TA B LE 9 S U M M AR Y O F TC R P PR O JE CT J -6 S TA TU S TH R O U G H DE C EM BE R 3 1, 2 01 8 Q ui ck R es po ns e fo r S pe ci al N ee ds Ta sk 0 1 N ew T ra ns it Bu s R on al d J. H ar tm an a nd R os al yn S im on M ar ch 1 99 4 C om pl et ed Ta sk 0 2 Tr an si t R id er sh ip In iti at iv e R ob er t S ta nl ey , C am br id ge Sy st em at ic s M ar ch 1 99 4 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d as R R D 4 Ta sk 0 3 O rg an iz at io na l R es ea rc h St ru ct ur e fo r A PT A Ba rb ar a T. H ar de r Fe br ua ry 1 99 4 C om pl et ed Ta sk 0 4 St at io n C ar D em on st ra tio n Ke vi n Sh ey s, E sq ., O pp en he im er , W ol ff & D on ne lly M ar ch 1 99 4 C om pl et ed Ta sk 0 5 C ha ra ct er is tic s of S ta te a nd L oc al T ra ns it Fu nd in g Sa ra h C am pb el l, Tr an sM an ag em en t, In c. , a nd R ob er t S ta nl ey , C am br id ge Sy st em at ic s, In c. Ju ly 1 99 5 C om pl et ed Ta sk 0 6 In te gr at in g Am er ic an s w ith D is ab ilit ie s Ac t ( AD A) Pa ra tra ns it Se rv ic es w ith H ea lth a nd H um an S er vi ce s Tr an sp or ta tio n R os al yn S im on Ju ne 1 99 5 C om pl et ed Ta sk 0 7 Im pa ct o f a C ha ng e in th e M at ch in g R at io fo r T ra ns it Pr oj ec ts Bo oz -A lle n & H am ilt on , I nc . Au gu st 1 99 5 C om pl et ed Ta sk 0 8 Im pa ct o f E lim in at io n of F ed er al O pe ra tin g As si st an ce fo r Tr an si t Tr an sM an ag em en t, In c. a nd C am br id ge S ys te m at ic s, In c. Au gu st 1 99 5 C om pl et ed Ta sk 0 9 Th e Va lu e of F ed er al S up po rt fo r T ra ns it R es ea rc h N at io na l T ra ns po rta tio n C on so rti um o f M in or ity C ol le ge s an d U ni ve rs iti es Au gu st 1 99 5 C om pl et ed Ta sk 1 0 D ire ct C os t o f D ru g an d Al co ho l T es tin g Ba tte lle Au gu st 1 99 5 C om pl et ed Ta sk 1 1 FC C P ro po sa l t o In st itu te U se r F ee s or to A uc tio n R ad io Fr eq ue nc ie s Ar th ur D . L itt le , I nc . Se pt em be r 1 99 5 C om pl et ed Ta sk 1 2 In no va tiv e Te ch no lo gi es In iti at iv e Br ia n M cC ol lo m M ar ch 1 99 6 C om pl et ed Ta sk 1 3 C om m ut er R ai l S ys te m M an ag em en t C on tra ct s to M in im iz e C os t a nd M ax im iz e Pr od uc tiv ity Jo hn C lin e, K en t W oo dm an , an d Ja ne S ut te r S ta rk e M ar ch 1 99 6 C om pl et ed

89 N o. Ti tle C on su lta nt St ar t D at e St af f O ffi ce r Es tim at ed C om pl et io n D at e TA B LE 9 (c on tin ue d) Ta sk 1 4 D ev el op m en t o f a T ra ns it Bu s R es ea rc h Ag en da Jo hn J . S ch ia vo ne Fe br ua ry 1 99 6 C om pl et ed Ta sk 1 5 Th e U se fu l L ife o f a H ea vy D ut y Tr an si t B us Ed w ar d Ab ra m s, A br am s- C he rw on y & As so ci at es , H en ry H id e, T M G In te rn at io na l D ec em be r 1 99 6 C om pl et ed Ta sk 1 6 D ev el op m en t o f a H um an R es ou rc es R es ea rc h Ag en da G ay la nd M of fa t Ju ne 1 99 6 C om pl et ed Ta sk 1 7 Av ai la bl e G eo gr ap hi c In fo rm at io n Sy st em (G IS ) T ec hn ol og y an d Po te nt ia l T ra ns it Ap pl ic at io ns La w re nc e H ar m an , Br id ge w at er S ta te C ol le ge Ta sk C an ce lle d Ta sk 1 8 C ha ra ct er is tic s an d Fu nc tio ns o f S ta te T ra ns it As so ci at io ns Ka th er in e H oo pe r Au gu st 1 99 6 C om pl et ed Ta sk 1 9 C on tin ui ng E xa m in at io n of S uc ce ss fu l T ra ns it R id er sh ip In iti at iv es C am br id ge S ys te m at ic s, In c. Ap ril 1 99 7 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d as R R D 2 9 Ta sk 2 0 Fe as ib ilit y of a n O rie nt at io n C ou rs e fo r N ew M em be rs o f Tr an si t A ge nc y Bo ar ds o f D ire ct or s D eb or ah P ric e Ta sk C an ce lle d Ta sk 2 1 N ew P ar ad ig m s R es ea rc h an d St ra te gi c Pl an U pd at e Va rio us Se pt em be r 1 99 7 C om pl et ed Ta sk 2 2 M ar ke t R es ea rc h on C ur re nt N at io na l P ub lic A tti tu de s To w ar d Pu bl ic T ra ns po rta tio n Fl ei sh m an -H illa rd O ct ob er 1 99 7 C om pl et ed Ta sk 2 3 Su rv ey o f C ur re nt P ra ct ic e an d Po te nt ia l I m pr ov em en ts in Sc re en in g of T ra ns it Pe rs on ne l P la ce m en t i n C us to m er Se ns iti ve P os iti on s W at so n M or ris C on su lti ng , Si m on & S im on R es ea rc h & As so ci at es , I nc . Fe br ua ry 2 00 0 C om pl et ed Ta sk 2 4 C om ba tin g G lo ba l W ar m in g Th ro ug h Su st ai na bl e Su rfa ce Tr an sp or ta tio n Po lic y: A R es ea rc h Sc op in g St ud y El iz ab et h D ea ki n Ap ril 1 99 8 C om pl et ed Ta sk 2 5 AP TA /F TA B us T ec hn ol og y: R es ea rc h Ag en da fo r T C R P N /A N ov em be r 1 99 7 C om pl et ed Ta sk 2 6 Id en tif ic at io n of R es ea rc h N ee ds fo r R ur al a nd S m al l T ra ns it Ag en ci es N /A C om pl et ed Ta sk 2 7 O rg an iz at io na l S up po rt fo r A PT A/ FT A In te llig en t Tr an sp or ta tio n Sy st em s (IT S) In te rn at io na l E xc ha ng e Pr og ra m W or ks ho ps G eo rg e W yn ne Se pt em be r 1 99 8 C om pl et ed

90 N o. Ti tle C on su lta nt St ar t D at e St af f O ffi ce r Es tim at ed C om pl et io n D at e TA B LE 9 (c on tin ue d) Ta sk 2 8 C ha ra ct er is tic s of S ta te F un di ng fo r P ub lic T ra ns po rta tio n R ob er t S ta nl ey , C am br id ge Sy st em at ic s, In c. M ar ch 1 99 9 C om pl et ed Ta sk 2 9 Fi na nc in g C ap ita l I nv es tm en t: A Pr im er fo r t he T ra ns it Pr ac tit io ne r H ag le r B ai lly , I nc . O ct ob er 1 99 9 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d as R ep or t 8 9 Ta sk 3 0 D at a C ol le ct io n on P up il Sa fe ty o n Tr an si t B us es U ni ve rs ity o f M ic hi ga n Tr an sp or ta tio n R es ea rc h In st itu te O ct ob er 1 99 9 C om pl et ed Ta sk 3 1 Tr an sp or ta tio n & Li va bl e C om m un iti es S um m ar y Bo ok le t St ep he n D av ie s, P ro je ct fo r Pu bl ic S pa ce s, In c. Ap ril 1 99 9 C om pl et ed Ta sk 3 2 Ev al ua tio n of th e N at io na l T ra ns it D at ab as e - T R B C om m itt ee R en am ed P ro je ct H -2 2B Ja nu ar y 20 00 C om pl et ed Ta sk 3 3 C os t o f M ee tin g Ac ce ss ib ilit y R eq ui re m en ts fo r O ve r-t he - R oa d Bu se s KF H G ro up , I nc . Ja nu ar y 20 00 C om pl et ed Ta sk 3 4 D oc um en ta tio n of In de pe nd en t T ec hn ic al S tu dy T ou r Fe at ur in g G er m an S ha re d Tr ac k D av id P hr an er , E dw ar ds & Ke lc ey Ju ne 2 00 0 C om pl et ed Ta sk 3 5 G IS F or um Pl an ne rs C ol la bo ra tiv e, In c. Se pt em be r 2 00 0 C om pl et ed Ta sk 3 6 An al ys es fo r T EA -2 1 R ea ut ho riz at io n Ac tiv iti es C am br id ge S ys te m at ic s D ec em be r 2 00 0 C om pl et ed Ta sk 3 7 Pr oc ur em en t I ss ue s in th e Pu bl ic T ra ns po rta tio n In du st ry : An A ss es sm en t o f P er ce pt io ns a nd C on ce rn s Sc ot t B ak er , A EC O M C on su lti ng Ja nu ar y 20 01 C om pl et ed Ta sk 3 8 Id en tif ic at io n of th e C rit ic al W or kf or ce D ev el op m en t I ss ue s in th e Tr an si t I nd us try Br ia n Vo ge l, Q ua tt As so ci at es M ar ch 2 00 1 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d as R R D 4 5 Ta sk 3 9 Su pp le m en ta l A na ly si s of N at io na l S ur ve y on C on tra ct in g Tr an si t S er vi ce s D an ie l K B oy le M ay 2 00 1 C om pl et ed Ta sk 4 0 Id en tif ic at io n of P ra ct ic es , T ec hn iq ue s, a nd S tra te gi es fo r At tra ct in g an d R et ai ni ng E m pl oy ee s in th e Tr an si t I nd us try Br ia n Vo ge l, Q ua tt As so ci at es M ar ch 2 00 1 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d as R R D 4 5 Ta sk 4 1 Tr an si t R es ea rc h an d R ea ut ho riz at io n C am br id ge S ys te m at ic s O ct ob er 2 00 1 C om pl et ed

91 N o. Ti tle C on su lta nt St ar t D at e St af f O ffi ce r Es tim at ed C om pl et io n D at e TA B LE 9 (c on tin ue d) Ta sk 4 2 D ev el op in g a R ec om m en de d St an da rd fo r A ut om at ed F ar e C ol le ct io n fo r T ra ns it: S co pi ng S tu dy -R eg io na l F ar e M an ag em en t P ro gr am s R ic h Lo br on M ay 2 00 2 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d as R R D 5 7 Ta sk 4 3 Ex pa nd ed S ta te a nd N at io na l T ra ns it In ve st m en t A na ly si s C am br id ge S ys te m at ic s D ec em be r 2 00 1 C om pl et ed Ta sk 4 4 Id en tif ic at io n of C om pe tit iv e C on tra ct S uc ce ss S to rie s an d M an ag em en t G ui de lin es C an ce lle d by R eq ue st or Ta sk 4 5 Ad va nc ed T ra ns po rta tio n Te ch no lo gy W or ks ho p BC AE C on su lta nt s Au gu st 2 00 2 C om pl et ed Ta sk 4 6 C ha ra ct er is tic s of S ta te F un di ng fo r P ub lic T ra ns po rta tio n - 20 02 C am br id ge S ys te m at ic s Se pt em be r 2 00 2 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d as R R D 6 0 Ta sk 4 7 C as e St ud ie s in E nv iro nm en ta l J us tic e U ni ve ris ity o f S ou th F lo rid a Ju ne 2 00 3 C om pl et ed Ta sk 4 8 Tr an si t I nd us try In te rfa ce w ith In te rn at io na l S ta nd ar ds Th om as M cG ea n, P E O ct ob er 2 00 3 C om pl et ed Ta sk 4 9 Fe as ib ilit y an d Is su es A ss oc ia te d w ith th e C on ce pt o f En vi ro nm en ta l T ra ns fe r C re di ts w ith a P ub lic T ra ns po rta tio n Fo cu s En vi ro nm en ta l F in an ci al Pr od uc ts N ov em be r 2 00 3 C om pl et ed Ta sk 5 0 Li gh t R ai l V eh ic le (L R V) C ra sh w or th in es s St an da rd s Aa ro n Ja m es Au gu st 2 00 3 C om pl et ed Ta sk 5 1 U pd at e of E xa m in at io n of S uc ce ss fu l T ra ns it R id er sh ip In iti at iv es C am br id ge S ys te m at ic s N ov em be r 2 00 3 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d as R R D 6 9 Ta sk 5 2 Ec on om ic P er sp ec tiv e on th e Va lu e of P ub lic T ra ns po rta tio n H LB D ec is io n Ec on om ic s, In c. N ov em be r 2 00 3 C om pl et ed Ta sk 5 3 H ud so n In st itu te T ra ns po rta tio n Vi si on 2 01 0 an d Be yo nd Pr oj ec t H ud so n In st itu te D ec em be r 2 00 3 C om pl et ed Ta sk 5 4 D ev el op a C ur ric ul um fo r L ea de rs hi p D ev el op m en t W or ks ho p fo r U pp er L ev el M an ag er s Se rv in g in P ub lic - a nd Pr iv at e- Se ct or O rg an iz at io ns in th e Tr an si t I nd us try En o Tr an sp or ta tio n Fo un da tio n Fe br ua ry 2 00 4 C om pl et ed Ta sk 5 5 Su pp or t f or th e Pr ep ar at io n of "C om m ut in g in A m er ic a" M ac ro Sy s Ja nu ar y 20 04 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d as R ep or t 11 0

92 N o. Ti tle C on su lta nt St ar t D at e St af f O ffi ce r Es tim at ed C om pl et io n D at e TA B LE 9 (c on tin ue d) Ta sk 5 6 Ex ce ss L ia bi lit y In su ra nc e - D ev el op in g Al te rn at iv es fo r Pu bl ic T ra ns it Ag en ci es C an ce lle d Ta sk 5 7 Th e Bu si ne ss C as e fo r T ra ns it St an da rd s AE C O M C on su lt M ar ch 2 00 4 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d by A PT A Ta sk 5 8 W ar eh ou se , F ul fil lm en t, D is se m in at io n - D ev el op in g an d Im pl em en tin g M ul ti- O rg an iz at io na l S ol ut io ns fo r T ra ns it R es ea rc h M at er ia ls Ba in & A ss oc ia te s Ja nu ar y 20 05 C om pl et ed Ta sk 5 9 R ac ia l a nd G en de r D iv er si ty in S ta te D O Ts a nd T ra ns it Ag en ci es : A Be nc hm ar k Sc op in g U ni ve rs ity o f M in ne so ta Ju ly 2 00 5 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d as R ep or t 12 0 Ta sk 6 0 Th e C as e fo r S ea rc he s on P ub lic T ra ns po rta tio n Jo ce ly n W ai te , W ai te & As so ci at es Au gu st 2 00 4 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d as L R D 2 2 Ta sk 6 1 Su pp or t f or T ra ns it In du st ry P ar tic ip at io n in th e 20 04 IT S W or ld C on gr es s C an ce lle d by R eq ue st or Ta sk 6 2 Tr ai n D oo r S ys te m s An al ys is Tr an sp or ta tio n Sy st em D es ig n, In c. D ec em be r 2 00 4 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d as R R D 7 4 an d W eb -O nl y D oc um en t 2 8 Ta sk 6 3 Su pp or t f or T R B "P ot en tia l I m pa ct s of C lim at e C ha ng e on U .S . T ra ns po rta tio n" S tu dy TR B D iv is io n B O ct ob er 2 00 5 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d as T R B Sp ec ia l R ep or t 2 90 Ta sk 6 4 Id en tif ic at io n of E xi st in g Pr ac tic es , G ui de lin es , S tra te gi es an d R el at ed A ct iv iti es A pp lic ab le to L ev el B oa rd in g an d C om m ut er R ai l F ac ilit ie s an d Eq ui pm en t SE B As so ci at es Se pt em be r 2 00 5 C om pl et ed Ta sk 6 5 O pe ra tio n of S tre et -R un ni ng L ig ht R ai l T ra ns it at H ig he r Sp ee ds Ko rv e En gi ne er in g Ju ne 2 00 6 C om pl et ed Ta sk 6 6 Sm al l S ta rts a nd N ew S ta rts P ro gr am R es ea rc h PB C on su lt Se pt em be r 2 00 5 C om pl et ed Ta sk 6 7 St ra te gi c As se ss m en t o f W ire le ss C ap ab ilit ie s an d N ee ds fo r t he P ub lic T ra ns po rta tio n In du st ry Sc ie nc e Ap pl ic at io ns In te rn at io na l C or po ra tio n Au gu st 2 00 6 C om pl et ed Ta sk 6 8 Ba ck gr ou nd In fo rm at io n an d Is su es A ss oc ia te d w ith R id er sh ip E st im at es fo r M aj or C ap ita l P ro je ct s AE C O M C on su lt Au gu st 2 00 6 C om pl et ed Ta sk 6 9 Q ua lit y Se rv ic e in P ub lic T ra ns po rta tio n O rg an iz at io ns PS TG C on su lti ng Au gu st 2 00 7 C om pl et ed

93 N o. Ti tle C on su lta nt St ar t D at e St af f O ffi ce r Es tim at ed C om pl et io n D at e TA B LE 9 (c on tin ue d) Ta sk 7 0 Se cu rit y St an da rd s an d G ui de lin es P er tin en t t o Pu bl ic Tr an sp or ta tio n KF H G ro up O ct ob er 2 00 7 C om pl et ed Ta sk 7 1 R ur al T ra ns it Ac hi ev em en ts : A ss es si ng th e O ut co m es o f In cr ea se d SA FE TE A- LU F un di ng fo r R ur al P as se ng er Se rv ic es KF H G ro up M ar ch 2 00 8 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d as R R D 9 3 an d W eb -O nl y D oc um en t 4 6 Ta sk 7 2 Pr of es si on al C er tif ic at io n an d C re de nt ia lin g Pr og ra m fo r t he Tr an si t I nd us try M cG lo th lin D av is , I nc . Se pt em be r 2 00 9 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d as R R D 1 00 Ta sk 7 3 Bu s Fl ee t M an ag em en t i n an E ra o f I nc re as in g Te ch ni ca l C om pl ex ity Ea gl e H ar bo r G ro up , L LC D ec em be r 2 00 8 C om pl et ed Ta sk 7 4 Im pr ov in g M ob ilit y fo r V et er an s W es ta t, In c. Se pt em be r 2 00 9 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d as R R D 9 9 Ta sk 7 5 G ui di ng th e Se le ct io n an d Ap pl ic at io n of W ay si de E ne rg y St or ag e Te ch no lo gi es fo r R ai l T ra ns it an d El ec tri c U til iti es Am er ic an P ub lic Tr an sp or ta tio n As so ci at io n M ay 2 00 9 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d as W eb - O nl y D oc um en t 5 1 Ta sk 7 6 Su pp or t f or a T ra ns it W ire le ss C om m un ic at io ns J oi nt C ou nc il Sc ie nc e Ap pl ic at io ns In te rn at io na l C or po ra tio n Ju ly 2 00 9 C om pl et ed Ta sk 7 7 Su pp or t f or A PT A/ FT A Tr an si t T ra in C on tro l A ss es sm en t Ja co bs E ng in ee rin g G ro up Au gu st 2 00 9 C om pl et ed Ta sk 7 8 FC C N ar ro w ba nd in g of P as se ng er T ra ns po rt Pr ov id er R ad io Sy st em s in th e U ni te d St at es Sh ul m an , R og er s, G an da l, Po rd y & Ec ke r, P. A. N ov em be r 2 01 0 C om pl et ed Ta sk 7 9 Po si tiv e Tr ai n C on tro l ( PT C ) R ad io S pe ct ru m P la nn in g fo r Pa ss en ge r C om m ut er R ai l O pe ra tio ns in th e U ni te d St at es St an te c C on su lti ng Ju ne 2 01 1 C om pl et ed Ta sk 8 0 R es ea rc h Sy m po si um o n Sl ee p H yg ie ne a nd F at ig ue o f Tr an si t O pe ra to rs TR B Te ch ni ca l A ct iv iti es D iv is io n Ap ril 2 01 1 C om pl et ed Ta sk 8 1 Im pa ct o f t he A ffo rd ab le C ar e Ac t o n N on -E m er ge cy M ed ic al T ra ns po rta tio n (N EM T) : As se ss m en t f or T ra ns it Ag en ci es R LS & A ss oc ia te s Se pt em be r 2 01 2 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d as R R D 1 09 Ta sk 8 2 St an da rd iz in g D at a fo r M ob ilit y M an ag em en t Tr an si tP lu s, In c. Ja nu ar y 20 13 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d as W eb - O nl y D oc um en t 6 2

94 N o. Ti tle C on su lta nt St ar t D at e St af f O ffi ce r Es tim at ed C om pl et io n D at e TA B LE 9 (c on tin ue d) Ta sk 8 3 Pr el im in ar y St ra te gi c An al ys is o f N ex t-G en er at io n Pa ym en t Sy st em s fo r P ub lic T ra ns po rta tio n Vo lp e C en te r O ct ob er 2 01 3 C om pl et ed - Pu bl is he d as R ep or t 17 7

Next: Summary of Project J-7 Status »
TCRP Annual Report of Progress 2018 Get This Book
×
 TCRP Annual Report of Progress 2018
MyNAP members save 10% online.
Login or Register to save!
Download Free PDF

TRB’s Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) has released its annual report, which provides background and an overview of the program, status of each of TCRP’s projects, and a summary of some of the program's accomplishments for the year.

READ FREE ONLINE

  1. ×

    Welcome to OpenBook!

    You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website.

    Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features?

    No Thanks Take a Tour »
  2. ×

    Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name.

    « Back Next »
  3. ×

    ...or use these buttons to go back to the previous chapter or skip to the next one.

    « Back Next »
  4. ×

    Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one. Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book.

    « Back Next »
  5. ×

    To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter.

    « Back Next »
  6. ×

    Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email.

    « Back Next »
  7. ×

    View our suggested citation for this chapter.

    « Back Next »
  8. ×

    Ready to take your reading offline? Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available.

    « Back Next »
Stay Connected!