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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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HEALTH SYSTEMS INTERVENTIONS
TO PREVENT FIREARM INJURIES
AND DEATH

PROCEEDINGS OF A WORKSHOP

Joe Alper, Melissa French, and Alexis Wojtowicz, Rapporteurs

Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice

Health and Medicine Division

images

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, DC
www.nap.edu

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
×

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001

This activity was supported by contracts between the National Academy of Sciences and the American Hospital Association and Kaiser Permanente. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project.

International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-48839-6
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-48839-7
Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/25354

Additional copies of this publication are available from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu.

Copyright 2019 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

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Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health systems interventions to prevent firearm injuries and death: Proceedings of a workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.17226/25354.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to bring the practices of engineering to advising the nation. Members are elected by their peers for extraordinary contributions to engineering. Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., is president.

The National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) was established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to advise the nation on medical and health issues. Members are elected by their peers for distinguished contributions to medicine and health. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president.

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Learn more about the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine at www.nationalacademies.org.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
×

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Consensus Study Reports published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine document the evidence-based consensus on the study’s statement of task by an authoring committee of experts. Reports typically include findings, conclusions, and recommendations based on information gathered by the committee and the committee’s deliberations. Each report has been subjected to a rigorous and independent peer-review process and it represents the position of the National Academies on the statement of task.

Proceedings published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine chronicle the presentations and discussions at a workshop, symposium, or other event convened by the National Academies. The statements and opinions contained in proceedings are those of the participants and are not endorsed by other participants, the planning committee, or the National Academies.

For information about other products and activities of the National Academies, please visit www.nationalacademies.org/about/whatwedo.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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PLANNING COMMITTEE ON HEALTH SYSTEMS INTERVENTIONS TO PREVENT FIREARM INJURIES AND DEATH1

GEORGE J. ISHAM (Chair), Senior Fellow, HealthPartners Institute

DAVID BRENT, Academic Chief, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Endowed Chair in Suicide Studies, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic; Professor of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, Epidemiology and Clinical Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine

CARNELL COOPER, Founder, Violence Intervention Program; Adjunct Professor of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine; and Chief Medical Officer, Northeast Methodist Hospital, San Antonio, Texas

JOEL A. FEIN, Professor of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Co-Director, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Violence Prevention Initiative; and Research Co-Director, National Network of Hospital-Based Violence Intervention Programs

STEPHEN HARGARTEN, Director, Comprehensive Injury Center; Professor of Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin

THEA L. JAMES, Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine, Associate Chief Medical Officer, Vice President of Mission, and Director of the Violence Intervention Advocacy Program, Boston Medical Center

LUCAS P. NEFF, Assistant Professor of Pediatric Surgery, Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center

JOHN A. RICH, Professor of Health Management and Policy, and Director, Center for Nonviolence and Social Justice, Drexel University School of Public Health

THERESE S. RICHMOND, Andrea B. Laporte Professor, Associate Dean for Research and Innovation, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing; Penn Injury Science Center

ALI ROWHANI-RAHBAR, Bartley Dobb Professor for the Study and Prevention of Violence, Associate Professor of Epidemiology, and Pediatrics, Violence Prevention Section Leader at Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington

___________________

1 The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s planning committees are solely responsible for organizing the workshop, identifying topics, and choosing speakers. The responsibility for the published Proceedings of a Workshop rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Health and Medicine Division Staff

MELISSA G. FRENCH, Senior Program Officer

ALEXIS WOJTOWICZ, Research Associate

ROSE MARIE MARTINEZ, Senior Board Director, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Reviewers

This Proceedings of a Workshop was reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in making each published proceedings as sound as possible and to ensure that it meets the institutional standards for quality, objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process.

We thank the following individuals for their review of this proceedings:

Although the reviewers listed above provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the content of the proceedings nor did they see the final draft before its release. The review of this proceedings was overseen by ANTONIA M. VILLARRUEL, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing. She was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this proceedings was carried out in accordance with standards of the National Academies and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content rests entirely with the rapporteurs and the National Academies.

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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Acronyms and Abbreviations

AAP American Academy of Pediatrics
ACA Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
ACEP American College of Emergency Physicians
AFFIRM American Foundation for Firearm Injury Reduction in Medicine
AHA American Hospital Association
CALM Counseling on Access to Lethal Means
CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CTI critical time intervention
DLIVE Detroit Life Is Valuable Everyday
EHR electronic health record
ERPO extreme risk protective order
FACTS Firearm Safety Among Children and Teens consortium
HAV Hospitals Against Violence
HIPAA Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
HVIP hospital-based violence intervention program
IOM Institute of Medicine
IPV intimate partner violence
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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NIMH National Institute of Mental Health
NNHVIP National Network of Hospital-Based Violence Intervention Programs
NRC National Research Council
PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire-9
USPSTF U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
VA Department of Veterans Affairs
VHA Veterans Health Administration
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Page xiii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Health Systems Interventions to Prevent Firearm Injuries and Death: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25354.
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Firearm injuries and death are a serious public health concern in the United States. Firearm-related injuries account for tens of thousands of premature deaths of adults and children each year and significantly increase the burden of injury and disability. Firearm injuries are also costly to the health system, accounting for nearly $3 billion in emergency department and inpatient care each year.

The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop to examine the roles that health systems can play in addressing the epidemic of firearm violence in the United States. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

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