References
Abdel-Shafy, H. I., and M. S. M. Mansour. 2016. A review on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Source, environmental impact, effect on human health and remediation. Egyptian Journal of Petroleum 25(1):107–123.
Armstrong, D. E., and R. Llena. 1992. Stormwater infiltration: Potential for pollutant removal. Chicago, IL: Prepared for the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (Madison) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Avila, H., and R. E. Pitt. 2009. Scour in stormwater catchbasin devices—experimental results from a full-scale physical model. Journal of Water Management Modeling R235-19.
Avila, H., R. Pitt, and S. R. Durrans. 2008. Factors affecting scour of previously captured sediment from stormwater catchbasin sumps. Journal of Water Management Modeling R228-13.
Bent, G. C., J. R. Gray, K. P. Smith, and G. D. Glysson. 2001. A synopsis of technical issues for monitoring sediment in highway and urban runoff. Northborough, MA: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-497.
Boving, T. B., M. H. Stolt, J. Augenstern, and B. Brosnan. 2008. Environmental Geology 55(3):571–582.
Breault, R. F., and G. E. Granato. 2000. A synopsis of technical issues for monitoring trace elements in highway runoff and urban stormwater. Northborough, MA: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-422.
Bulkley, J., D. LeFevre, H. Clark, A. Samples, and R. Berns. 2009. Wet weather benchmarking report. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Pp. 1–383. Available at http://css.umich.edu/sites/default/files/css_doc/WWfinal.pdf (accessed December 18, 2018).
Burton, G. A., and R. E. Pitt. 2002. Chapter 5: Sampling effort and collection methods. Pp. 224–338 in Stormwater effects handbook: A toolbox for watershed managers, scientists, and engineers, G. A. Burton and R. E. Pitt, eds. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers.
Cadmus, P., S. F. Brinkman, and M. K. May. 2018. Chronic toxicity of ferric iron for North American aquatic organisms: Derivation of a chronic water quality criterion using single species and mesocosm data. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 74(4):605–615.
California Water Boards. 2018. General Permit for Storm Water Discharges Associated with Industrial Activity, NPDES No. CAS000001, Order No. 2014-0057-DWQ, amended by Order No. 2015-0122-DWQ, amended by Order No. 2018-XXXX-DWQ. Available at https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/stormwater/docs/industrial/unoff_igp_amend.pdf (accessed January 30, 2019).
Caltrans. 2010. Treatment BMP technology report. CSTWRT-09-239-06. Sacramento, CA: California Department of Transportation. Available at http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/env/stormwater/pdf/CTSW-RT-09-239-06.pdf (accessed November 8, 2018).
Canadian CME (Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment). 1999. Canadian environmental quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life. Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, Winnipeg, Manitoba. Available at http://st-ts.ccme.ca/en/index.html (accessed November 19, 2018).
CASQA (California Stormwater Quality Association). 2010. Low impact development manual for Southern California: Technical guidance and site planning strategies. Prepared for the Southern California Stormwater Monitoring Coalition in cooperation with the State Water Resources Control Board by the Low Impact Development Center. Available at https://www.casqa.org/sites/default/files/downloads/socallid-manual-final-040910.pdf (accessed November 8, 2018).
City of Phoenix. 2011. Storm water policies and standards: Revisions. Available at https://www.phoenix.gov/streetssite/Documents/swpolicy.pdf (accessed November 8, 2018).
Clark, S. E. 2000. Urban stormwater filtration: Optimization of design parameters and a pilot-scale evaluation. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Clark, S. E., and R. Pitt. 2007. Influencing factors and a proposed evaluation methodology for predicting groundwater contamination potential from stormwater infiltration activities. Water Environment Research 79(1):29–36.
Clark, S. E., and R. Pitt. 2008. Comparison of stormwater solids analytical methods for performance evaluation of manufactured treatment devices. Journal of Environmental Engineering 134(4):259–264.
Clark, S. E., and R. Pitt. 2012. Targeting treatment technologies to address specific stormwater pollutants and numeric discharge limits. Water Research 46(20):6715–6730.
Clark, S. E., and R. Pitt. In press. Industrial stormwater: Sedimentation and filtration effectiveness to meet benchmark concentrations. Submitted to the Journal of Sustainable Water in the Built Environment.
Clark, S. E., and C. Y. S. Siu. 2008. Measuring solids concentration in stormwater runoff: Comparison of analytical methods. Environmental Science & Technology 42(2):511–516.
Clark, S. E., C. Y. S. Siu, R. Pitt, C. D. Roenning, and D. P. Treese. 2009. Peristaltic pump autosamplers for solids measurement in stormwater runoff. Water Environment Research 81(2):192–200.
Clark, S. E., K. H. Baker, D. P. Treese, J. B. Mikula, C. Y. S. Siu, C. S. Burkhardt, and M. M. Lalor. 2010. Sustainable stormwater management: Infiltration vs. surface treatment strategies. WERF Report 04-SW-3. London, UK: IWA Publishing.
Clary, J., M. Leisenring, and P. Hobson. 2011. International stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP) database pollutant category summary: Metals. International Stormwater BMP Database. Prepared by Wright Water Engineers, Inc., and Geosyntec Consultants, Inc. Available at http://www.bmpdatabase.org/Docs/BMP%20Database%20Metals%20Final%20August%202011.pdf (accessed November 7, 2018).
County of Orange, CA, Department of Public Works. 2013. Technical Guidance Document for the Preparation of Conceptual/Preliminary/or Project Water Quality Management Plans, Appendix VIII, Groundwater-Related Infiltration Feasibility Criteria (see Appendix VIII.2).
Cristina, C., J. Tramonte, and J. J. Sansalone. 2002. A granulometrybased selection methodology for separation of traffic-generated particles in urban highway snowmelt runoff. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 136(1–4):33–53.
Cross, L. M., and L. D. Duke. 2008. Stormwater regulations for industry: Linking regulatory priorities with water quality protection. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 44(1):86–106.
Crunkilton, R., J. Kleist, J. Ramcheck, W. DeVita, and D. Villeneuve. 1996. Assessment of the response of aquatic organisms to long-term in situ exposures of urban runoff. Pp. 95–111 in Effects of watershed development and management of aquatic ecosystems, L. A. Roesner, ed. New York: American Society of Civil Engineers.
CT DEEP (Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection). 2004. Hydrologic sizing criteria for treatment practices. Chapter 7 in Stormwater quality control manual. Available at https://www.ct.gov/deep/cwp/view.asp?a=2721&q=325704 (accessed September 18, 2018).
CT DEEP. 2018. General permit for the discharge of stormwater associated with industrial activity. DEEP-WPED-GP-014.
Datry, T., F. Malard, and J. Gibert. 2004. Dynamics of solutes and dissolved oxygen in shallow urban groundwater below a stormwater infiltration basin. Science of the Total Environment 329(1–3):215–229.
Davis, L. R. 2018. Fundamentals of environmental discharge modeling (Vol. 10). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
DDOE (District Department of the Environment). 2014. Overview of 2013 stormwater rule and stormwater management guidebook. Available at https://ddot.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/ddot/publication/attachments/2014-0418-DDOT-GI-SWM%20Regs%20and%20GI%20Training.pdf (accessed November 8, 2018).
Dechesne, M., S. Barraud, and J.-P. Bardin. 2004. Spatial distribution of pollution in an urban stormwater infiltration basin. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 72(1):189–205.
DeForest, D. K., K. V. Brix, L. M. Tear, and W. J. Adams. 2018. Multiple linear regression models for predicting chronic aluminum toxicity to freshwater aquatic organisms and developing water quality guidelines. EnvironmentalToxicology and Chemistry 37(1):80–90.
DiBlasi, C. J., H. Li, A. P. Davis, and U. Ghosh. 2009. Removal and fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants in an urban stormwater bioretention facility. Environmental Science & Technology 43(2):494–502.
Edwards, E. C., T. Harter, G. E. Fogg, B. Washburn, and H. Hamad. 2016. Assessing the effectiveness of drywells as tools for stormwater management and aquifer recharge and their groundwater contamination potential. Journal of Hydrology 539:539–553.
EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). 1976. Quality criteria for water. EPA 440-9-76-023. Available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-10/documents/quality-criteria-water-1976.pdf (accessed November 12, 2018).
EPA. 1980a. Ambient water quality criteria for copper. EPA 440/4-80-036. Washington, DC: EPA.
EPA. 1980b. Ambient water quality criteria for polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. EPA 440/5-80-069.
EPA. 1980c. National recommended water quality criteria for beryllium. LOEL Acute Freshwater. EPA 440/5-80-024 (October).
EPA. 1983. Final Report of the Nationwide Urban Runoff Program. National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Accession Number: PB84-185552. Washington, DC: Water Planning Division. Available at https://www3.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/sw_nurp_vol_1_finalreport.pdf (accessed November 8, 2018).
EPA. 1984. 40 CFR Part 133. Secondary treatment regulation; final rule, 49 Federal Register No. 184, 36986–37007.
EPA. 1985. Guidelines for deriving numerical national water quality criteria for the protection of aquatic organisms and their uses. C. E. Stephen, D. I. Mount, D. J. Hansen, J. R. Gentile, G. A. Chapman, and W. A. Brungs, eds. EPA PB85-227049. Available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-02/documents/guidelines-water-quality-criteria.pdf (accessed November 1, 2018).
EPA. 1986. Method 8100: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-12/documents/8100.pdf (accessed November 8, 2018).
EPA. 1987. Ambient water quality criteria for selenium—1987. EPA 440/5-87-006. Washington, DC: EPA.
EPA. 1988. Ambient water quality criteria for aluminum—1988. EPA 440/5-86-008. Duluth, MN: Office of Research and Development. Available at https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi/2000M5FC.PDF?Dockey=2000M5FC.PDF (accessed February 14, 2019).
EPA. 1990. 40 CFR Parts 122, 123, and 124. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit application regulations for storm water discharges; final rule. 55 Federal Register No. 222, 47990–48091.
EPA. 1991. Technical support document for water quality-based toxics control. EPA 505/2-90-00. NTIS Accession Number: PB91127415. Washington, DC: Office of Water (EN-336). Available at https://www3.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/owm0264.pdf (accessed February 14, 2019).
EPA. 1992a. Final NPEDS general permits for storm water discharges associated with industrial activity; notice. 57 Federal Register 41236–41342. September 9, 1992.
EPA. 1992b. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System application deadlines, general permit requirements and reporting requirements for storm water discharges associated with industrial activity; final rule. 57 Federal Register 11394–11413. April 2, 1992.
EPA. 1992c. NPDES storm water sampling guidance document. EPA 833-8-92-001. Available at https://www3.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/owm0093.pdf (accessed November 8, 2018).
EPA. 1995. Final National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Storm Water Multi-Sector General Permit for industrial activities. 60 Federal Register 50804–51319. September 1995.
EPA. 1996a. Advisory Committee Charter, Urban Wet Weather Flows Advisory Committee, C. Browner, Administrator (signed Jan. 06, 1995). 61 Federal Register 46462. Available at https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/FR-1996-09-03/96-22380 (accessed December 31, 2018).
EPA. 1996b. The metals translator: Guidance for calculating a total recoverable permit limit from a dissolved criterion. EPA 823-B-96-007. Washington, DC: EPA Office of Water. Available at https://www3.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/metals_translator.pdf (accessed November 7, 2018).
EPA. 1999. Report to Congress on the Phase II Storm Water Regulations. EPA 833-99-001. Washington, DC: EPA Office of Water. Available at https://www3.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/ReptoCong_PhII_SWR.pdf (accessed November 7, 2018).
EPA. 2000. Final reissuance of National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) storm water Multi-Sector General Permit for industrial activities. 65 Federal Register 64746–64880.
EPA. 2001. Update of the ambient water quality criteria for cadmium. EPA 822/R-01-001. Washington, DC: EPA.
EPA. 2004. NPDES Compliance Inspection Manual. EPA 305-X-04-001. July 2004. Washington, DC: EPA Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance. Available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2013-09/documents/npdesinspect_0.pdf (accessed December 31, 2018).
EPA. 2006a. Industrial stormwater factsheet series: Sector R: Ship and boat building or repair yards. EPA 833-F-06-033. Available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-10/documents/sector_r_shipbuilding.pdf (accessed November 12, 2018).
EPA. 2006b. National ambient water quality criteria—Human health criteria table. EPA 822-F-01-0102006. Available at https://www.epa.gov/wqc/national-recommended-water-quality-criteria-human-health-criteria-table (accessed November 8, 2018).
EPA. 2006c. National recommended water quality criteria—Aquatic life criteria table. EPA 822-F-04-010 2006-CMC. Available at https://www.epa.gov/wqc/national-recommended-water-quality-criteria-aquatic-life-criteria-table (accessed November 8, 2018).
EPA. 2007. Aquatic life criteria—Copper. Available at https://www.epa.gov/wqc/aquatic-life-criteria-copper (accessed November 8, 2018).
EPA. 2008a. Multi-Sector General Permit for stormwater discharges associated with industrial activity (MSGP). Available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-10/documents/msgp2008_finalpermit.pdf (accessed November 1, 2018).
EPA. 2008b. Multi-Sector General Permit for stormwater discharges associated with industrial activity (MSGP)—Fact sheet. Available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-10/documents/msgp2015_fs.pdf (accessed November 1, 2018).
EPA. 2009a. Industrial stormwater monitoring and sampling guide. EPA 832-B-09-003. Available at https://www3.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/msgp_monitoring_guide.pdf (accessed November 2, 2018).
EPA. 2009b. Technical guidance on implementing the stormwater runoff requirements for federal projects under Section 438 of the Energy Independence and Security Act. EPA 841-B-09-001. Available at https://www.epa.gov/greeningepa/technical-guidance-implementing-stormwater-runoff-requirements-federal-projects (accessed September 18, 2018).
EPA. 2010. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit Writers’ Manual. Available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-09/documents/pwm_chapt_05.pdf (accessed September 18, 2018).
EPA. 2012. 2008 MSGP Benchmark Discharge Monitoring Report Analysis and SWPPP Compliance Review. EPA-HQ-OW-2012-0803-0002.
EPA. 2013. 40 CFR Parts 122,123,127, et al. NPDES electronic reporting rule; proposed rule. 78 Federal Register 46005–46116.
EPA. 2014. Clean Water Act National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System compliance monitoring strategy 2014. Washington, DC: Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance. Available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2013-09/documents/npdescms.pdf (accessed November 7, 2018).
EPA. 2015a. 40 CFR Parts 9, 122, 123, et al. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) electronic reporting rule; final rule. 80 Federal Register 64063–64158.
EPA. 2015b. Method 8310: Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. Available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-12/documents/8310.pdf (accessed November 1, 2018).
EPA. 2015c. Multi-Sector General Permit for stormwater discharges associated with industrial activity (MSGP)—Fact sheet. Available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-10/documents/msgp2015_fs.pdf (accessed November 1, 2018).
EPA. 2015d. United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Multi-Sector General Permit for stormwater discharges associated with industrial activity (MSGP). Available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-10/documents/msgp2015_finalpermit.pdf (accessed November 1, 2018).
EPA. 2016a. Aquatic life ambient water quality criteria cadmium—2016. EPA 820-R-26-002. Available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-03/documents/cadmium-final-report-2016.pdf (accessed November 12, 2018).
EPA. 2016b. Aquatic life ambient water quality criterion for selenium—Freshwater 2016. Available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-07/documents/aquatic_life_awqc_for_selenium_-_freshwater_2016.pdf (accessed November 12, 2018).
EPA. 2016c. Summary of state post construction stormwater standards. Available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-08/documents/swstdsummary_7-13-16_508.pdf (accessed September 18, 2018).
EPA. 2017. 2017 Draft aquatic life criteria for aluminum in freshwater. Available at https://www.epa.gov/wqc/2017-draft-aquatic-life-criteria-aluminum-freshwater (accessed November 12, 2018).
EPA. 2018. Industrial wastewater treatment technology database (IWTT). Available at https://www.epa.gov/eg/industrial-wastewater-treatment-technology-database-iwtt (accessed January 24, 2019).
Eppakayala, V. K. 2015. Performance evaluation of stormwater treatment controls at an industrial site. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa. Available at https://socwisconsin.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Eppakayala_2015_SWTrtmtAtIndustrialSite.pdf (accessed November 1, 2018).
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). 2000. FAO pesticide disposal series 8: Assessing soil contamination: A reference manual. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Fein, J. B. 1996. The effect of aqueous metal-chlorophenolate complexation on contaminant transport in groundwater systems. Applied Geochemistry 11(6):735–744.
Fischer, H. B., E. J. List, R. C. Y. Koh, J. Imberger, and N. H. Brooks. 1979. Mixing in inland and coastal waters. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Furumai, H., H. Balmer, and M. Boller. 2002. Dynamic behavior of suspended pollutants and particle size distribution in highway runoff. Water Science & Technology 46(11–12):413–418.
Gawad, S. A., J. A. McCorquodale, and H. Gerges. 1996. Near-field mixing at an outfall. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 23(1):63–75.
Geosyntec Consultants and Wright Water Engineers, Inc. 2009. Urban Stormwater BMP Performance Monitoring. Available at www.bmpdatabase.org/monitoring-guidance.html (accessed February 14, 2019).
Gossett, R., and K. Schiff. 2010. Stormwater Monitoring Coalition Laboratory Guidance Document, 3rd edition. Southern California Coastal Water Research Project Technical Report 615, Costa Mesa, CA. 22 pp. Available at ftp://ftp.sccwrp.org/pub/download/DOCUMENTS/TechnicalReports/615_SMC_LabGuide3rdEdition.pdf (accessed November 19, 2018).
Graczyk, D. J., D. M. Robertson, W. J. Rose, and J. J. Steuer. 2000. Comparison of water-quality samples collected by siphon samplers and automatic samplers in Wisconsin. Middleton, WI: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-067-00.
Gray, J. R., G. D. Glysson, L. M. Turcios, and G. E. Schwarz. 2000. Comparability of suspended-sediment concentration and total suspended solids data. Denver, CO: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigation Report 00-4191.
Han, Y., S.-L. Lau, M. Kayhanian, and M. K. Stenstrom. 2006a. Characteristics of highway stormwater runoff. Water Environment Research 78(12):2377–2388.
Han, Y.-H., S.-L. Lau, M. Kayhanian, and M. K. Stenstrom. 2006b. Correlation analysis among highway stormwater pollutants and characteristics. Water Science & Technology 53(2):235–243.
Harcum, J., S. Adair, and J. Collins. 2005. Review of discharge monitoring report data from the MSGP 2000. Technical Memorandum to Jack Faulk, February 10.
Incardona, J. P., T. L. Linbo, and N. L. Scholz. 2011. Cardiac toxicity of 5-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is differentially dependent on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor 2 isoform during zebrafish development. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 257(2):242–249.
Jarvis, C. M., and L. Wisniewksi. 2006. An introduction to the biotic ligand model. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency presentation, May 10. EPA Office of Water, Office of Science & Technology. Available at https://acwi.gov/monitoring/conference/2006/2006_conference_materials_notes/Concurrent_SessionI/I4Stress/I4_Wisniewski.pdf (accessed November 7, 2018).
Jirka, G. H., R. L. Doneker, and S. W. Hinton. 1996. User’s manual for CORMIX: A hydrodynamic mixing zone model and decision support system for pollutant discharges into surface waters. Washington, DC: EPA, Office of Science and Technology. Available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/201510/documents/cormix-users_0.pdf (accessed January 24, 2019).
Johnson, P. D., R. Pitt, S. R. Durrans, M. Urrutia, and S. Clark. 2003. Metals removal technologies for urban stormwater. WERF 97-IRM-2. Alexandria, VA: Water Environment Research Foundation.
Jones, P. S., and A. P. Davis. 2013. Spatial accumulation and strength of affiliation of heavy metals in bioretention media. Journal of Environmental Engineering 139(4):479–487.
Kakuturu, S. P., and S. E. Clark. 2015. Effects of deicing salts on clogging of stormwater filter media and on media chemistry. Journal of Environmental Engineering 141(9):04015020.
Kayhanian, M., T. Young, and M. K. Stenstrom. 2005. Limitation of current solid measurements in stormwater runoff. Stormwater 6(7):22–30.
Kerkez, B., C. Gruden, M. Lewis, L. Montestruque, M. Quigley, B. Wong, A. Bedig, R. Kertesz, T. Braun, O. Cadwalader, A. Poresky, and C. Pak. 2016. Smarter stormwater systems. Environmental Science & Technology 50(14):7267–7273.
Ku, H. F., and D. L. Simmons. 1986. Effect of urban stormwater runoff on ground water beneath recharge basins on Long Island, New York. Syosset, NY: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4088.
Landsman, M. R., and A. P. Davis. 2018. Evaluation of nutrients and suspended solids removal by stormwater control measures using high flow media. Journal of Environmental Engineering 144(10):04018106.
LeFevre, G. H., R. M. Hozalski, and P. J. Novak. 2012a. The role of biodegradation in limiting the accumulation of petroleum hydrocarbons in raingarden soils. Water Research 46(20):6753–6762.
LeFevre, G. H., P. J. Novak, and R. M. Hozalski. 2012b. Fate of naphthalene in laboratory-scale bioretention cells: Implications for sustainable stormwater management. Environmental Science & Technology 46(2):995–1002.
LeFevre, G. H., K. H. Paus, P. Natarajan, J. S. Gulliver, P. J. Novak, and R. M. Hozalski. 2015. Review of dissolved pollutants in urban storm water and their removal and fate in bioretention cells. Journal of Environmental Engineering 141(1):04014050.
Li, Y., S.-L. Lau, M. Kayhanian, and M. K. Stenstrom. 2005. Particle size distribution in highway runoff. Journal of Environmental Engineering 131(9):1267–1276.
Ma, J.-S., J.-H. Kang, M. Kayhanian, and M. K. Stenstrom. 2009. Sampling issues in urban runoff monitoring programs: Composite versus grab. Journal of Environmental Engineering 135(3):118–127.
McIntyre, J., R. Edmunds, B. Anulacion, J. Davis, J. Incardona, J. D. Stark, and N. Scholz. 2016. Severe coal tar sealcoat runoff toxicity to fish is prevented by bioretention filtration. Environmental Science & Technology 50:1570–1578.
MDEP (Maryland Department of the Environment). 2014. General permit for discharges from stormwater associated with industrial activities. Discharge Permit No. 12-SW. NPDES Permit No. MDR0000.
MPCA (Minnesota Pollution Control Agency). 2015. National Pollutant Elimination System (NPDES)/State Disposal System (SDS) General Permit MNR050000 for Industrial Stormwater Multi-Sector (ISW). Authorization to discharge stormwater associated with industrial activity under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)/State Disposal System (SDS) permit program. Available at https://www.pca.state.mn.us/sites/default/files/wq-strm3-67a.pdf (accessed November 14, 2018).
NASEM (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine). 2015. Volume reduction of highway runoff in urban areas: Guidance manual. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
NASEM. 2016. Using graywater and stormwater to enhance local water supplies: An assessment of risks, costs, and benefits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
Niogi, S., and C. M. Wood. 2004. Biotic ligand model, a flexible tool for developing site-specific water quality guidelines for metals. Environmental Science & Technology 38(23):6177–6192.
Nowack, B., H. Xue, and L. Sigg. 1997. Influence of natural and anthropogenic ligands on metal transport during infiltration of river water to groundwater. Environmental Science & Technology 31(3):866–872.
NRC (National Research Council). 2009. Urban stormwater management in the United States. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
O’Donnell, J. O. 2005. Memorandum re: Review of 2000 MSGP monitoring requirements and suggested changes, March 15. Fairfax, VA: Tetra Tech, Inc.
Ohio Environmental Protection Agency. 2018. General permit authorization for storm water discharges associated with construction activity under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System. Available at http://epa.ohio.gov/portals/35/permits/OHC000005/Final_OHC000005.pdf (accessed November 8, 2018).
Okamoto, A., M. Yamamuro, and N. Tatarazako. 2014. Acute toxicity of 50 metals to Daphnia magna. Journal of Applied Toxicology 35(7):824–830.
OR DEQ (Oregon Department of Environmental Quality). 2017. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System: Stormwater Discharge General Permit No. 1200-Z. Available at https://www.oregon.gov/deq/FilterPermitsDocs/Final1200Zpermit.pdf (accessed November 8, 2018).
OR DEQ. 2018. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Industrial Stormwater Permit Evaluation Report No. 1200-Z. October, Final Action. Available at https://www.oregon.gov/deq/FilterPermitsDocs/1200-Zevalreport.pdf (accessed December 31, 2018).
Ott, R. L., and M. T. Longnecker. 2015. An introduction to statistical methods and data analysis, 7th edition. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
PA DEP (Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection). 2006. Pennsylvania stormwater best management practices manual. Bureau of Watershed Management. 363-0300-002.
Pitt, R., with contributions from S. Clark, R. Field, and K. Parmer. 1996. Groundwater contamination from stormwater infiltration. Chelsea, MI: Ann Arbor Press.
Pitt, R. 2011. Water quality objectives and failure modes of green infrastructure stormwater components. Presented at 84th Annual Water Environment Federation Technical Exhibition and Conference (WEFTEC). Los Angeles, CA, October 15–19.
Pitt, R., and S. E. Clark. 2010. Evaluation of biofiltration media for engineered natural treatment systems. Prepared for Geosyntec Consultants. Available at http://unix.eng.ua.edu/~rpitt/Publications/5_Stormwater_Treatment/Media_for_stormwater_treatment/media%20report%20SSFL%20May%2010%202010.pdf (accessed November 19, 2018).
Pitt, R., and L. Talebi. 2012. Evaluation and demonstration of stormwater dry wells and cisterns in Millburn Township, New Jersey. EPA 600/R-12/600. Cincinnati, OH: EPA Office of Research and Development.
Pitt, R., S. Clark, and K. Parmer. 1994. Protection of groundwater from intentional and nonintentional stormwater infiltration. EPA 600/SR-94/051. Cincinnati, OH: EPA Office of Research and Development.
Pitt, R., R. Field, M. Lalor, and M. Brown. 1995. Urban stormwater toxic pollutants: Assessment, sources, and treatability. Water Environment Research 67(3):260–275.
Pitt, R. E., R. Bannerman, S. Clark, and D. Williamson. 2004a. Chapter 23: Source of pollutants in urban areas (Part 1)—older monitoring projects. Pp. 465–484 in CHI Monograph 13, Effective modeling of urban water systems, W. James, K. N. Irvine, E. A. McBean, and R. E. Pitt, eds. Guelf, ON: Computational Hydraulics International.
Pitt, R., R. Bannerman, S. E. Clark, and D. Williamson. 2004b. Chapter 24: Source of pollutants in urban areas (Part 2)—recent sheetflow monitoring. Pp. 485–530 in CHI Monograph 13, Effective modeling of urban water systems, W. James, K. N. Irvine, E. A. McBean, and R. E. Pitt, eds. Guelf, ON: Computational Hydraulics International.
RI DEM (Rhode Island Department of Environment Management). 2013. Multi-Sector General Permit Rhode Island Pollutant Discharge Elimination System storm water discharge associated with industrial activity (excluding construction activity). RIR500000. Available at http://www.dem.ri.gov/programs/benviron/water/permits/ripdes/pdfs/msgp.pdf (accessed November 14, 2018).
Sansalone, J. J., and S. G. Buchberger. 1997. Characterization of solid and metal element distributions in urban highway stormwater. Water Science & Technology 36(8–9):155–160.
Sansalone, J. J., and C. M. Cristina. 2004. First flush concepts for suspended and dissolved solids in small impervious watersheds. Journal of Environmental Engineering 130(11):1301–1314.
Saunders, T. G., R. C. Ward, J. C. Loftis, T. D. Steele, D. D. Adrian, and V. Yevjevich. 1983. Design of networks for monitoring water quality. Highlands Ranch, CO: Water Resources Publications.
Sauvé, S., W. Hendershot, and H. E. Allen. 2000. Solid-solution partitioning of metals in contaminated soils: Dependence on pH, total metal burden, and organic matter. Environmental Science & Technology 34(7):1125–1131.
Schiff, K. C., and L. L. Tiefenthaler. 2011. Seasonal flushing of pollutant concentrations and loads in urban stormwater. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 47(1):136–142.
Schwarzenbach, R. P., P. M. Gschwend, and D. M. Imboden. 1993. Environmental organic chemistry. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Selbig, W. R., A. Cox, and R. T. Bannerman. 2012. Verification of a depth-integrated sample arm as a means to reduce solids stratification bias in urban stormwater sampling. Journal of Environmental Monitoring 14(4):1137–1143.
Shaver, E., R. Horner, J. Skupien, C. May, and G. Ridley. 2007. Fundamentals of urban runoff management: Technical and institutional issues, 2nd edition. North American Lake Management Society.
Squillace, P. J., J. S. Zogorski, W. G. Wilber, and C. V. Price. 1996. Preliminary assessment of the occurrence and possible sources of MTBE in groundwater in the United States, 1993−1994. Environmental Science & Technology 30(5):1721–1730.
State of Vermont. 2008. General permit 3-9020 (2006) for stormwater runoff from construction sites as amended February 2008. Agency of Natural Resources Department of Environmental Conservation. Available at https://dec.vermont.gov/sites/dec/files/wsm/stormwater/docs/StormwaterConstructionDischargePermits/sw_cgp_amended_final.pdf (accessed November 8, 2018).
State of Washington Department of Ecology. 2019. Stormwater management manual for Western Washington—Draft. https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/ezshare/wq/permits/Flare/Draft2019SWMMWW.htm (accessed on January 27, 2019).
Stumm, W., and J. Morgan. 1995. Aquatic chemistry: Chemical equilibria and rates in natural waters, 3rd edition. New York: Wiley.
Swamikannu, X., M. Mullin, and L. D. Duke. 2000. Industrial storm water discharger identification and compliance evaluation in the city of Los Angeles. Sacramento, CA: California Water Resources Control Board.
Treese, D. P., S. E. Clark, and K. H. Baker. 2012. Nutrient release from disturbance of infiltration system soils during construction. Advances in Civil Engineering 2012:393164.
UDFCD (Urban Drainage and Flood Control District). 2018. Urban storm drainage criteria manual: Vol. 3, Stormwater quality. Available at https://udfcd.org/volume-three (accessed November 8, 2018).
van Dam, R. A., A. C. Hogan, C. D. McCullough, M. A. Houston, C. L. Humphrey, and A. J. Harford. 2010. Aquatic toxicity of magnesium sulfate, and the influence of calcium, in very low ionic concentration water. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 29(2):410–421.
Vuorinen, P. J., M. Keinänen, S. Peuranen, and C. Tigerstedt. 1998. Effects of iron, aluminium, dissolved humic material and acidity on grayling (Thymallus thymallus) in laboratory exposures, and a comparison of sensitivity with brown trout (Salmo trutta). Boreal Environmental Research 3:405–419.
Water Quality Program. 2011. Technical guidance manual for evaluating emerging stormwater treatment technologies:Technology assessment protocol—ecology (TAPE). No. 11-10-061. Olympia, WA: Washington State Department of Ecology.
Waterkeeper Alliance v. U.S. EPA. 2016. Settlement agreement. Available at http://waterkeeper.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Waterkeeper_Alliance_Settlement_Agreement_08162016EPA-MSGP.pdf (accessed November 1, 2018).
WDNR (Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources). 2017. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources conservation practice standard site evaluation for storm water infiltration 1002. Available at https://dnr.wi.gov/topic/stormwater/documents/SiteEvalForInfiltr1002.pdf (accessed November 8, 2018).
Weiner, E. R. 2008. Applications of environmental aquatic chemistry, 2nd edition. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Weiss, P. T., G. LeFevre, and J. S. Gulliver. 2008. Contamination of soil and groundwater due to stormwater infiltration practices: A literature review. University of Minnesota St. Anthony Falls Laboratory: Engineering, Environmental and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics. Project Report No. 515. Available at https://www.pca.state.mn.us/sites/default/files/stormwater-r-weiss0608.pdf (accessed November 19, 2018).
Winterstein, T. A., and H. G. Stefan. 1983. Suspended sediment sampling in flowing water: Laboratory study of the effects of nozzle orientation, withdrawal rate and particle size. External Memorandum No. M-168. Minneapolis, MI: University of Minnesota–St. Anthony Falls Hydraulic Laboratory.
Zahedi, S., H. Vaezzade, M. Rafati, and M. Z. Dangesaraki. 2014. Acute toxicity and accumulation of iron, manganese and aluminum in Caspian kutum fish (Rutilus kutum). Iranian Journal of Toxicology 8(24):1028–1033.
