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Managing the Transit Scheduling Workforce (2019)

Chapter: References

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Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the Transit Scheduling Workforce. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25457.
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Suggested Citation:"References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Managing the Transit Scheduling Workforce. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25457.
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Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

80 American Public Transportation Association (APTA). Standard Bus Procurement Guidelines. APTA Standards Development Program, 2013. http://www.apta.com/resources/reportsandpublications/Documents/APTA %20Bus%20Procurement%20Guidelines%20(June%202013).docx (accessed June 25, 2018). Berhan, E., D. Mengistu, B. Beshah, and D. Kitaw. “Modeling and Analysis of Bus Scheduling Systems of Urban Public Bus Transport.” International Journal of Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management Applications, Vol. 6, 2014, pp. 404–412. Boyle, D., J. Pappas, P. Boyle, B. Nelson, D. Sharfarz, and H. Benn. TCRP Report 135: Controlling System Costs: Basic and Advanced Scheduling Manuals and Contemporary Issues in Transit Scheduling. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/14257. Canadian Urban Transit Association. “Scheduling and Runcutting Level I.” 2018. http://cutaactu.ca/en/ events-training/course-calendar-registration/scheduling-and-runcutting-level-i (accessed June 27, 2018). Ceder, A., B. Golany, and O. Tal. “Creating Bus Timetables with Maximal Synchronization.” Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Vol. 35, No. 10, 2001, pp. 913–928. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0965- 8564(00)00032-X (accessed June 25, 2018). Cronin, C. B., A. Alexander, B. Cronin, C. Riches, J. Stern, R. Lazaro, and V. Lazaro. TCRP Report 162: Building a Sustainable Workforce in the Public Transportation Industry—A Systems Approach. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/22489. Cronin, C. B., A. Alexander, E. Majumdar, C. Thompson, B. Wolf, R. Lazaro, and V. Lazaro. TCRP Research Report 194: Knowledge Management Resource to Support Strategic Workforce Development for Transit Agencies. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/24961. Des Moines Area Regional Transit Authority (DART). DART website. 2018. https://www.ridedart.com/ (accessed April 25, 2018). Dorn, L. “Reducing the Risk of Bus Crashes.” Paper presented at the 68th Road Safety Congress: Safer Driving— Reducing Risks, Crashes and Casualties, Blackpool, United Kingdom, 2003. European Rail Timetable. “About Us.” 2018. https://www.europeanrailtimetable.eu/about-us-24-w.asp (accessed February 22, 2018). Federal Transit Administration (FTA). Denver Regional Transportation District: 2016 Annual Agency Profile. 2018a. https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/transit_agency_profile_doc/2016/80006.pdf (accessed June 21, 2018). Federal Transit Administration (FTA). Lehigh and Northampton Transportation Authority: 2016 Annual Agency Profile. 2018b. https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/transit_agency_profile_doc/2016/30010.pdf (accessed April 23, 2018). Federal Transit Administration (FTA). Orange County Transportation Authority: 2016 Annual Agency Profile. 2018c. https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/transit_agency_profile_doc/2016/90036.pdf (accessed April 25, 2018). Federal Transit Administration (FTA). Des Moines Area Regional Transit Authority: 2016 Annual Agency Profile. 2018d. https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/transit_agency_profile_doc/2016/70010.pdf (accessed April 23, 2018). Furth, P. G., B. Hemily, T. H. J. Muller, and J. G. Strathman. TCRP Report 113: Using Archived AVL-APC Data to Improve Transit Performance and Management. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/13907. Hoang, H. Safety Implications of Transit Operator Schedule Policies. Master’s thesis, University of North Florida, 2016. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1661&context=etd (accessed April 24, 2018). References

References 81 Karami, A., S. Sahebalzamani, and B. Sarabi. “The Influence of HR Practices on Business Strategy and Firm Performance: The Case of Banking Industry in Iran.” The IUP Journal of Management Research, Vol. 14, No. 1, 2015, pp. 30–53. Lehman Center for Transportation Research. Training Manual for Transit Service Planning and Scheduling. 2015. https://www.nctr.usf.edu/2015/02/training-manual-for-transit-service-planning-and-scheduling/ (accessed June 25, 2018). Mayrink, V. T. de M., and G. P. Silva. “Optimizing the Crew Rostering Assignment for Public Transport Systems.” Journal of Transport Literature, Vol. 7, No. 3, 2013, pp. 192–213. https://trid.trb.org/view/1259631 (accessed June 25, 2018). McGlothin Davis, Inc. TCRP Report 77: Managing Transit’s Workforce in the New Millennium. TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 2002. http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/tcrp/tcrp_rpt_77.pdf (accessed June 25, 2018). Mistretta, M. Fixed Route Transit Scheduling in Florida: The State of the Industry. Research Center, Florida Depart- ment of Transportation, 2005. https://www.nctr.usf.edu/pdf/527-01-3.pdf (accessed June 25, 2018). National Rural Transit Assistance Program. “National RTAP in the Cloud Web Apps.” 2018. http://nationalrtap. org/Web-Apps (accessed June 25, 2018). National Transit Institute. “Introduction to Transit Service Planning.” 2018. http://www.ntionline.com/ introduction-to-transit-service-planning/ (accessed June 27, 2018). Orange County Transportation Authority (OCTA). OCTA website. 2018. http://www.octa.net (accessed April 25, 2018). Pine, R., J. Niemeyer, and R. Chisholm. TCRP Report 30: Transit Scheduling: Basic and Advanced Manuals. TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1998. http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/tcrp/tcrp_rpt_ 30-a.pdf (accessed June 25, 2018). Regional Transportation District. “Service Development.” n.d.. http://www.rtd-denver.com/ServiceDevelopment. shtml (accessed June 21, 2018). Regional Transportation District. “Best Practices.” 2015, April. http://www.rtd-denver.com/documents/ best-practices-2015.pdf (accessed June 21, 2018). Regional Transportation District. “Facts & Figures” [Fact sheet]. 2018a, March. http://www.rtd-denver.com/ factsAndFigures.shtml (accessed June 21, 2018). Regional Transportation District. “Service Performance 2016: Networked Family of Services.” 2018b, April. http://www.rtd-denver.com/documents/serviced/service-development-performance-2016.pdf (accessed June 21, 2018). Regional Transportation District. Rail Service Planner/Scheduler I [Online job posting]. 2018c, May 18. (accessed June 4, 2018). Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority. “The History of Philadelphia’s Trackless Trolleys.” 2018a. http://www.septa.org/media/50th/trackless-trolleys.html (accessed April 27, 2018). Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority. “Service.” 2018b. http://www.septa.org/service/ (accessed April 27, 2018). Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority. “Strategic Business Plan Fiscal Years 2015 through 2019.” 2014. http://septa.org/strategic-plan/reports/strategic-fy2015-2019.pdf (accessed April 27, 2018). Tse, J. L., R. Flin, and K. Mearns. “Bus Driver Well-Being Review: 50 Years of Research.” Transportation Research Part F, Vol. 9, 2006, pp. 899–114. Watson Wyatt Worldwide and Focus Group Corporation. TCRP Report 103: Public Transportation Operating Agencies as Employers of Choice. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/13736. Wei, J., Y. Guo, and M. Zhang. “A Method of Optimizing the Work Schedule of Bus Drivers Based on Set Covering Theory.” Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, Vol. 10, No. 4, 2016, pp. 96–101. http://html.rhhz.net/GLJTKJYWB/20160415.htm (accessed June 25, 2018). Yu, S., and X. Guo. “Analysis of the Influence of HRM Strategy on Logistics Enterprise Performance Based on Structural Equation.” Iberian Journal of Information Systems and Technologies, Vol. 14, 2016. pp. 356–364.

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Managing the Transit Scheduling Workforce
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TRB’s Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Synthesis 143: Managing the Transit Scheduling Workforce examines how transit agencies are recruiting, training, developing, and retaining schedulers. In the case where transit agencies use third parties to create schedules, the report also shows how transit systems manage those third parties.

The report is designed to assist transit agencies in managing their transit scheduling human capital. The report presents an overview of the practices and procedures transit agencies use to manage their scheduling workforce and will allow agencies to compare what they are currently doing with what others are doing in this area. The report also analyzes how transit systems are evolving their practices to adapt to industry and technological changes. It provides transit systems with new ideas and strategies to retain good schedulers.

The report also presents a literature review and results of a survey of transit agencies that use transit schedulers in their workforce. Case examples of five transit systems are provided; these present an in-depth analysis of various recruitment, selection, training, retention, and performance management strategies.

Transit schedules provide the blueprint for fixed-route transit—they affect operating and capital costs, safety, customer satisfaction, and operator well-being and health. Although scheduling has moved from a largely paper-based practice to one that now uses purposebuilt scheduling software and utilizes data collected from automated systems, transit scheduling is still a human process that is merely assisted by software and data.

Knowledgeable people are needed to perform most scheduling tasks, supply direction, and provide quality control. Moreover, the increasing availability and reliance on data and scheduling software are gradually changing the nature of a transit scheduler’s job—making computer and data analysis skills and acumen increasingly central to the transit scheduler role.

The scheduling process is labor intensive, detail driven, and ripe with opportunities for errors; to be done well, scheduling requires qualified and talented transit schedulers.

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