The Effects of
Incarceration and Reentry
on Community Health
and Well-Being

PROCEEDINGS OF A WORKSHOP

Steve Olson and Karen M. Anderson, Rapporteurs

Roundtable on the Promotion of Health Equity

Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice

Health and Medicine Division

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, DC
www.nap.edu

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001

This activity was supported by contracts between the National Academy of Sciences and Aetna Foundation, The Colorado Trust, Health Resources and Services Administration, Kaiser Permanente, The Kresge Foundation, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs’ Office of Health Equity, and the National Academy of Medicine. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project.

International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-49366-6
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-49366-8
Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/25471

Additional copies of this publication are available from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu.

Copyright 2020 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

Printed in the United States of America

Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. The effects of incarceration and reentry on community health and well-being: Proceedings of a workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/25471.

The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president.

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PLANNING COMMITTEE ON THE IMPACT OF INCARCERATION AND REENTRY ON COMMUNITY HEALTH AND WELL-BEING¹

FRANCISCO GARCÍA, Director and Chief Medical Officer, Pima County Department of Health

TOORJO GHOSE, Associate Professor, University of Pennsylvania School of Social Policy and Practice

MELENIE O. MAGNOTTA, Chief Operating Officer, Aetna Foundation

CHRISTINE RAMEY, Deputy Director, Office of Health Equity, Health Resources and Services Administration

UCHENNA S. UCHENDU, Office of Health Equity, Veterans Health Administration, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

WINSTON F. WONG, Community Benefit Disparities Improvement and Quality Initiatives, Kaiser Permanente National Program Office

Health and Medicine Division Staff

KAREN M. ANDERSON, Roundtable Director and Senior Program Officer

ANNA MARTIN, Senior Program Assistant (until August 2018), Administrative Assistant (from August 2018)

ROSE MARIE MARTINEZ, Senior Board Director, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice

HOPE HARE, Administrative Assistant (until July 2018)

___________________

¹ The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s planning committees are solely responsible for organizing the workshop, identifying topics, and choosing speakers. The responsibility for the published Proceedings of a Workshop rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.

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ROUNDTABLE ON THE PROMOTION OF HEALTH EQUITY¹

ANTONIA VILLARRUEL (Chair), University of Pennsylvania

PATRICIA BAKER, Connecticut Health Foundation

JULIE A. BALDWIN, Center for Health Equity Research, Northern Arizona University

GILLIAN BARCLAY, Nevada Governor’s Office of Economic Development

B. NED CALONGE, The Colorado Trust

KENDALL M. CAMPBELL, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University

LUTHER T. CLARK, Merck & Co., Inc.

FRANCISCO GARCÍA, Pima County Department of Health

JEFFREY A. HENDERSON, Black Hills Center for American Indian Health

EVE J. HIGGINBOTHAM, University of Pennsylvania

CARA V. JAMES, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services

CHRIS KABEL, The Kresge Foundation

MELENIE MAGNOTTA, Aetna Foundation

OCTAVIO N. MARTINEZ, Hogg Foundation for Mental Health, The University of Texas at Austin

CHRISTINE RAMEY, Health Resources and Services Administration

MELISSA A. SIMON, Northwestern University

PATTIE TUCKER, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

UCHENNA S. UCHENDU, Office of Health Equity, Veterans Health Administration, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

ROHIT VARMA, University of Southern California

WINSTON F. WONG, Kaiser Permanente

___________________

¹ The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s forums and roundtables do not issue, review, or approve individual documents. The responsibility for the published Proceedings of a Workshop rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.

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Reviewers

This Proceedings of a Workshop was reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in making each published proceedings as sound as possible and to ensure that it meets the institutional standards for quality, objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process.

We thank the following individuals for their review of this proceedings:

Although the reviewers listed above provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the content of the proceedings nor did they see the final draft before its release. The review of this proceedings was overseen by DEIDRA CREWS, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. She was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this proceedings was carried out in accordance with standards of the National Academies and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content rests entirely with the rapporteurs and the National Academies.

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Contents

1 INTRODUCTION

2 THE EXPERIENCE OF INCARCERATION AND REENTRY

3 MASS INCARCERATION AS A PUBLIC HEALTH ISSUE

4 WOMEN’S HEALTH IN JAILS AND PRISONS

5 REENTRY: EFFECTS ON THE INDIVIDUAL AND THE COMMUNITY

6 PROMISING PRACTICES AND MODELS FOR REENTRY

7 THE PERSPECTIVE FROM THE DISTRICT ATTORNEY’S OFFICE

8 WRAP-UP SESSION

APPENDIXES

A REFERENCES

B WORKSHOP AGENDA

C SPEAKER BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES

D STATEMENT OF TASK

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