National Academies Press: OpenBook

Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports (2019)

Chapter: Appendix B - Energy Conservation Measures

« Previous: Appendix A - Frequently Asked Questions for Funding Airport GRFs
Page 66
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B - Energy Conservation Measures." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25567.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B - Energy Conservation Measures." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25567.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B - Energy Conservation Measures." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25567.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B - Energy Conservation Measures." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25567.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B - Energy Conservation Measures." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25567.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B - Energy Conservation Measures." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25567.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B - Energy Conservation Measures." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25567.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B - Energy Conservation Measures." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25567.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B - Energy Conservation Measures." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25567.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B - Energy Conservation Measures." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25567.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B - Energy Conservation Measures." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25567.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B - Energy Conservation Measures." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25567.
×
Page 77
Page 78
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B - Energy Conservation Measures." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2019. Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25567.
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Page 78

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66 Airport GRF Sample Menu of Operational Savings Opportunities The following menu is a compilation of various efficiency measures that can be applied at airports of any size, location, or type. The efficiency measures listed were determined to be suitable for GRFs based on their implementation timeframe, implementation costs, payback period in years, and magnitude of savings. Although this menu is categorically comprehensive, the list of efficiency measures that may be suitable for GRF is not exhaustive. For additional insight relating to efficiency measures that may be suitable for GRFs, please refer to the Refer- ences and Other Resources section of this report. GRF Suitability Criteria Implementation Timeframe When available, an efficiency measure implementation timeframe is provided. Time- frame measures are based on a qualitative measure of time identified in Appendix G of ACRP Report 139. “Immediate opportunities happen on the order of days/weeks. Midterm opportu- nities take up to 2 years to implement. Long-term opportunities exceed 2 years to implement” (Sebesta, Inc., 2015). Implementation Costs When directly available, efficiency measure implementation cost ranges are provided. When cost figures were not directly available, implementation costs were categorized as “Low,” “Low-Medium,” “Medium,” “Medium-High,” and “High.”* Payback Period (Years) Payback period represents the time required to recover the efficiency measure implementa- tion cost. In general, short payback periods are preferred when considering efficiency measure suitability for GRFs. A P P E N D I X B Energy Conservation Measures *Note: For both implementation costs and magnitude of savings criteria, the categories “Low,” “Low-Medium,” “Medium,” “Medium-High,” and “High” were created based on the 1–5 weighting system included in Appendix G of ACRP Report 139 (Sebesta, Inc., 2015).

Energy Conservation Measures 67 Magnitude of Savings When directly available, magnitude of savings are provided. When direct figures were not available, savings were categorized as “Low,” “Low-Medium,” “Medium,” “Medium-High,” and “High.” The following tables are provided as a resource of potential projects: Table 3. Operations and maintenance measures. Table 4. Lighting measures. Table 5. Mechanical and HVAC measures. Table 6. Water efficiency measures. Table 7. Energy sources measures. Table 8. Electrical loads measures. Table 9. Building envelope measures. Table 10. Automation and controls measures. Table 3. Operations and maintenance measures. (continued on next page)

68 Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports Table 3. (Continued).

Energy Conservation Measures 69 (continued on next page) Table 3. (Continued).

70 Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports Table 4. Lighting measures. Sources: Sebesta, Inc., 2015; Energy Systems Laboratory 2007; Lau et al. 2010; Sustainable Aviation Guidance Alliance 2015; Sustainable Aviation Guidance Alliance n.d.-a; U.S. Department of Energy n.d.-a; Sustainable Aviation Guidance Alliance 2014; Sustainable Aviation Guidance Alliance 2008; Sustainable Aviation Guidance Alliance 2013. Table 3. (Continued).

Energy Conservation Measures 71 Sources: Sebesta, Inc., 2015; Lau et al. 2010; Gibbons et al. 2015; Sustainable Aviation Guidance Alliance n.d.-b; Sustainable Aviation Guidance Alliance n.d.-c; Sustainable Aviation Guidance Alliance n.d.-d; U.S. Department of Energy n.d.-b. Table 4. (Continued).

72 Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports Sources: Lau et al. 2010; Sustainable Aviation Guidance Alliance n.d.-e. Table 5. Mechanical and HVAC measures.

Energy Conservation Measures 73 Table 6. Water efficiency measures. (continued on next page)

74 Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports Sources: Sebesta, Inc., 2015; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 2019a; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 2019b; Lau et al. 2010; Chicago Department of Aviation n.d.; Krop et al. 2016; Sustainable Aviation Guidance Alliance n.d.-f; Couto et al. 2015. Table 6. (Continued).

Energy Conservation Measures 75 Sources: Sebesta, Inc., 2015; Lau et al. 2010; Barrett et al. 2016; Barrett et al. 2015; Sustainable Aviation Guidance Alliance n.d.-g; Ran et al. 2017; Sustainable Aviation Guidance Alliance 2011. Table 7. Energy sources measures.

76 Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports Sources: Lau et al. 2010; Sebesta, Inc., 2015. Table 8. Electrical load measures. Table 9. Building envelope measures.

Energy Conservation Measures 77 Table 9. (Continued). (continued on next page)

78 Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports Sources: Sebesta, Inc., 2015; Lau et al. 2010; Spevacek et al. 2014. Table 10. Automation and controls measures. Table 9. (Continued). Sources: Sebesta, Inc., 2015; Lau et al. 2010; Sustainable Aviation Guidance Alliance n.d.-h; Green Building Alliance 2016; Sustainable Aviation Guidance Alliance n.d.-i; Sustainable Aviation Guidance Alliance 2014.

Next: Appendix C - Case Examples »
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Airports continually balance demands to improve infrastructure within the realities of available budgets. Green revolving funds (GRFs) offer an alternative approach for investing in projects that generate operational savings. These funds work by tracking verified cost reductions from implemented actions, and then transferring those savings to a reserve that provides capital for future qualified projects such as energy system upgrades.

A number of universities have managed GRFs for over a decade. Municipalities are starting to adopt them as well. ACRP Research Report 203: Revolving Funds for Sustainability Projects at Airports includes several non-airport-related case examples that have managed GRFs and two airport-related case examples. Airports require a modified GRF approach because of financial structures, Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulatory requirements, airline agreements, and the wide range of tenant roles.

This ACRP report provides guidance to determine whether this innovative funding approach is suitable for a particular airport and instructions on how to deploy it. Airports that have the ability and determination to launch a GRF will gain a robust method for advancing their sustainability goals.

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