Overview
Emerging techniques in data analytics, including machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI), offer exciting opportunities for advancing scientific discovery and innovation in materials science. Vast repositories of experimental data and sophisticated simulations are being utilized to predict material properties, design and test new compositions, and accelerate nearly every facet of traditional materials science. How can the materials science community take advantage of these opportunities while avoiding potential pitfalls? What roadblocks may impede progress in the coming years, and how might they be addressed?
To explore these issues, the Workshop on Data Analytics and What It Means to the Materials Community was organized as part of a workshop series on Defense Materials, Manufacturing, and Its Infrastructure (DMMI). Hosted by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, the event brought together approximately 81 speakers and attendees representing data science, materials science, and manufacturing experts from industry, academia, and government agencies.
The 2-day workshop was organized around three main topics: materials design, data curation, and emerging applications. Speakers identified promising data analytics tools and their achievements to date, as well as key challenges related to dealing with sparse data and filling data gaps; decisions around data storage, retention, and sharing; and the need to access, combine, and use data from disparate sources. Participants discussed the complementary roles of simulation and experimentation and explored the many opportunities for data informatics to increase the efficiency of materials discovery, design, and testing by reducing the amount of experimentation required. With an eye toward the ultimate goal of enabling
applications, attendees considered how to ensure that the benefits of data analytics tools carry through the entire materials development process, from exploration to validation, manufacturing, and use.
The development and use of data analytics tools for materials discovery and design is also influenced by the broader environment and infrastructure of the materials science community. Participants explored how various models for sharing data and tools may intersect with the different motivations and funding structures in academic, industry, and government contexts. In addition, attendees discussed the complementary roles of human experts and machine-driven algorithms and how considerations around ethics, trust, and public perception may influence the relationship between humans and AI or other analytic systems as the field develops. Throughout the workshop, participants addressed needs related to attracting, educating, and training the next generation to support a vibrant future workforce in materials science and manufacturing.