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Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: 503A and 503B Distribution Supplement." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. The Clinical Utility of Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy: A Review of Safety, Effectiveness, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25791.
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Appendix E

503A and 503B Distribution Supplement

503A

Total estimates of 503A pharmacies vary based largely on how a compounding pharmacy is defined. In a 2016 report, The Pew Charitable Trusts reported a total of more than 32,000 pharmacies in the United States that compound. This value was derived from the listing of pharmacies that report compounding functions in the National Council for Prescription Drug Programs Provider Database as of 2015. Submission of this information to the database was optional and may not represent the true (and current) number of pharmacies that compound (The Pew Charitable Trusts, 2016). However, this estimate does not provide clarity on the extent of compounding services offered. The American Pharmacists Association estimates there are approximately 7,500 pharmacies in the United States that specialize in compounding (APhA, 2020), a substantially lower estimate than the total 503A pharmacies that perform any compounding.

503B

The value of 503B outsourcing facilities are reflective of those registered with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as of February 2020. See Table E-1.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: 503A and 503B Distribution Supplement." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. The Clinical Utility of Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy: A Review of Safety, Effectiveness, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25791.
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TABLE E-1 Distribution of 503B Outsourcing Facilities by State

State Registered 503B Outsourcing Facilities
AK 0
AL 2
AR 4
AZ 4
CA 6
CO 4
CT 2
DC 0
DE 0
FL 9
GA 0
HI 0
IA 0
ID 1
IL 0
IN 0
KS 2
KY 0
LA 0
MA 2
MD 0
ME 0
MI 0
MN 1
MO 2
MS 0
MT 0
NC 1
ND 0
NE 0
NH 0
NJ 4
NM 0
NV 1
NY 6
OH 2
OK 1
OR 0
PA 2
RI 0
SC 4
SD 0
TN 3
TX 9
UT 0
VA 0
VT 1
WA 0
WI 0
WV 0
WY 0

SOURCE: FDA, 2020.

REFERENCES

APhA (American Pharmacists Association). 2020. Frequently asked questions about pharmaceutical compounding. https://www.pharmacist.com/frequently-asked-questions-about-pharmaceutical-compounding (accessed February 3, 2020).

FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). 2020. Registered outsourcing facilities. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/human-drug-compounding/registered-outsourcing-facilities (accessed January 4, 2020).

The Pew Charitable Trusts. 2016. National assessment of state oversight of sterile drug compounding. Philadelphia, PA: The Pew Charitable Trusts.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: 503A and 503B Distribution Supplement." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. The Clinical Utility of Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy: A Review of Safety, Effectiveness, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25791.
×
Page 263
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: 503A and 503B Distribution Supplement." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. The Clinical Utility of Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy: A Review of Safety, Effectiveness, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25791.
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Page 264
Next: Appendix F: Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy Formulations with a Single Active Ingredient »
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The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved dozens of hormone therapy products for men and women, including estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, and related compounds. These products have been reviewed for safety and efficacy and are indicated for treatment of symptoms resulting from hormonal changes associated with menopause or other endocrine-based disorders. In recent decades, an increasing number of health care providers and patients have turned to custom-formulated, or compounded, drug preparations as an alternative to FDA-approved drug products for hormone-related health concerns. These compounded hormone preparations are often marketed as "bioidentical" or "natural" and are commonly referred to as compounded bioidentical hormone therapy (cBHT).

In light of the fast-growing popularity of cBHT preparations, the clinical utility of these compounded preparations is a substantial public health concern for various stakeholders, including medical practitioners, patients, health advocacy organizations, and federal and state public health agencies. This report examines the clinical utility and uses of cBHT drug preparations and reviews the available evidence that would support marketing claims of the safety and effectiveness of cBHT preparations. It also assesses whether the available evidence suggests that these preparations have clinical utility and safety profiles warranting their clinical use and identifies patient populations that might benefit from cBHT preparations in lieu of FDA-approved BHT.

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