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The Clinical Utility of Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy: A Review of Safety, Effectiveness, and Use (2020)

Chapter: Appendix H: Boxed Warnings on U.S. Food and Drug AdministrationApproved Estrogen and Testosterone Products

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix H: Boxed Warnings on U.S. Food and Drug AdministrationApproved Estrogen and Testosterone Products." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. The Clinical Utility of Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy: A Review of Safety, Effectiveness, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25791.
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Appendix H

Boxed Warnings on U.S. Food and Drug Administration–Approved Estrogen and Testosterone Products

All U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved estrogen-containing products (Stefanick, 2005) and topical testosterone products (FDA, 2015) must contain a boxed warning that provides the prescriber and patient with safety warnings for the most serious adverse events associated with the use of these products. See Figures H-1 and H-2 for the boxed warning for FDA-approved estrogen-containing and topical testosterone products, respectively.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix H: Boxed Warnings on U.S. Food and Drug AdministrationApproved Estrogen and Testosterone Products." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. The Clinical Utility of Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy: A Review of Safety, Effectiveness, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25791.
×
Suggested Citation:"Appendix H: Boxed Warnings on U.S. Food and Drug AdministrationApproved Estrogen and Testosterone Products." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. The Clinical Utility of Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy: A Review of Safety, Effectiveness, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25791.
×

REFERENCES

FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). 2015. Testosterone information. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/postmarket-drug-safety-information-patients-and-providers/testosteroneinformation (accessed December 20, 2019).

NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2020a. Alora drug label information, warning: Endometrial cancer, cardiovascular disorders, probable dementia and breast cancer. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a0d4f0b8-5dcc-4ffe-9590-0203e869622f&audience=consumer (accessed May 14, 2020).

NLM. 2020b. Androgel 1% drug label information, warning: Secondary exposure to testosterone. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=c506aaa3-04f8-4eb1-8dc4-e964cdd08e7f&audience=consumer (accessed May 14, 2020).

Stefanick, M. L. 2005. Estrogens and progestins: Background and history, trends in use, and guidelines and regimens approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. American Journal of Medicine 118(Suppl 12B):64–73.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix H: Boxed Warnings on U.S. Food and Drug AdministrationApproved Estrogen and Testosterone Products." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. The Clinical Utility of Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy: A Review of Safety, Effectiveness, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25791.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix H: Boxed Warnings on U.S. Food and Drug AdministrationApproved Estrogen and Testosterone Products." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. The Clinical Utility of Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy: A Review of Safety, Effectiveness, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25791.
×
Page 309
Suggested Citation:"Appendix H: Boxed Warnings on U.S. Food and Drug AdministrationApproved Estrogen and Testosterone Products." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. The Clinical Utility of Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy: A Review of Safety, Effectiveness, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25791.
×
Page 310
Suggested Citation:"Appendix H: Boxed Warnings on U.S. Food and Drug AdministrationApproved Estrogen and Testosterone Products." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. The Clinical Utility of Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy: A Review of Safety, Effectiveness, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25791.
×
Page 311
Suggested Citation:"Appendix H: Boxed Warnings on U.S. Food and Drug AdministrationApproved Estrogen and Testosterone Products." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. The Clinical Utility of Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy: A Review of Safety, Effectiveness, and Use. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25791.
×
Page 312
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The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved dozens of hormone therapy products for men and women, including estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, and related compounds. These products have been reviewed for safety and efficacy and are indicated for treatment of symptoms resulting from hormonal changes associated with menopause or other endocrine-based disorders. In recent decades, an increasing number of health care providers and patients have turned to custom-formulated, or compounded, drug preparations as an alternative to FDA-approved drug products for hormone-related health concerns. These compounded hormone preparations are often marketed as "bioidentical" or "natural" and are commonly referred to as compounded bioidentical hormone therapy (cBHT).

In light of the fast-growing popularity of cBHT preparations, the clinical utility of these compounded preparations is a substantial public health concern for various stakeholders, including medical practitioners, patients, health advocacy organizations, and federal and state public health agencies. This report examines the clinical utility and uses of cBHT drug preparations and reviews the available evidence that would support marketing claims of the safety and effectiveness of cBHT preparations. It also assesses whether the available evidence suggests that these preparations have clinical utility and safety profiles warranting their clinical use and identifies patient populations that might benefit from cBHT preparations in lieu of FDA-approved BHT.

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