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B-1 A P P E N D I X B Survey Results 2. What state transportation agency do you work for?
B-2 Electronic Ticketing of Materials for Construction Management 3. What division do you currently work for within your agency? Other: Construction and Materials Administration Construction and Materials Contract Administration Project Development (oversee all aspects of delivery & constr.) IDO Project Development (both design and construction services) Engineering Services - Pavement Section
Survey Results B-3 4. How would you describe your role in the agency? Other: Project Controls Engineer Executive E-Construction Field Materials Engineer Systems Administrator/Database Manager for Construction Software Systems Senior Management e-Construction Manager
B-4 Electronic Ticketing of Materials for Construction Management 5. Does your state transportation agency have a project completed or under contract that uses an electronic tracking system for materials (henceforth referred to as e-ticketing)? (Please answer carefully, the survey will change depending on the option selected and the user will not be able to go back beyond this point. If you encounter any problems and would like to retake the survey, please contact Gabe Dadi at gabe.dadi@uky.edu) 6. How many projects have you completed or are under contract that use e- ticketing?
Survey Results B-5 7. For what materials have you used e-ticketing? (Please check all that apply) Others: Tracking of fleet during cycle between plant and jobsite
B-6 Electronic Ticketing of Materials for Construction Management 8. What vendors have you used for e-ticketing? Please check all that apply. (Note: responses will not be considered an endorsement. This is strictly for educational purposes only.) Other: Created our own system AASHTOWARE Trimble Our Turnpike District created their own system known as ticketless asphalt which we are piloting.
Survey Results B-7 9. To your knowledge, who received training on the use of the technical components of e-ticketing? (Please check all that apply)
B-8 Electronic Ticketing of Materials for Construction Management 10. How are electronic tickets being used on your project(s)? (Please check all that apply) Others: E-ticketing was done as a pilot so traditional methods were used, too. Optimize fleet size, cycle duration and troubleshooting of identified fleet inefficiencies. Fleetwatcher great for real-time progress reports. Currently Piloting - for information only, eventually for project documentation, determine pay quantities, track yield. Piloting proof of concept so full potential has not been used yet.
Survey Results B-9 11. What technical challenges related to e-ticketing, if any, were encountered during project execution? (Please check all that apply) Others: Accuracy of contractor daily fleet set-up hinges on overall accuracy of equipment. Having a e- ticketing system with an independent tracking system, or a plant with an outdated operating system, does not work well with the overall objective of real-time e-ticketing and documenting initiatives at time of placement. Identifying which pavers the load went to when pavers are in proximity to each other.
B-10 Electronic Ticketing of Materials for Construction Management 12. Please check all concerns for each stakeholder that you consider to be a barrier in your e-ticketing initiatives. # Answer % Count 2 Contractor - Technology Deficiencies 6.91% 34 3 Contractor - Data Security Concerns 4.27% 21 4 Contractor - Personnel Training 5.49% 27 5 Contractor - Resistance to Change 4.07% 20 26 No Concerns with Contractor 0.61% 3 6 Contractor - Others 2.64% 13 7 DOT - Internal IT 4.27% 21 8 DOT - Personnel Training 4.67% 23 9 DOT - Policy/Regulations Restrictions 3.66% 18 10 DOT - Resistance to Change 3.25% 16 27 No Concerns with DOT 1.83% 9 11 DOT - Others 2.24% 11 12 Material Suppliers - Technology Deficiencies 6.91% 34 13 Material Suppliers - Data Security Concerns 3.46% 17 14 Material Suppliers - Resistance to Change 4.47% 22 32 Material Suppliers - Personnel Training 4.88% 24 31 No Concerns with Material Suppliers 0.81% 4 15 Material Suppliers - Others 2.24% 11 16 Trucking Companies - Technology Deficiencies 6.71% 33
Survey Results B-11 17 Trucking Companies - Privacy Concerns 5.08% 25 18 Trucking Companies - Resistance to Change 5.08% 25 33 Trucking Companies - Personnel Training 4.88% 24 28 No Concerns with Trucking Companies 0.61% 3 19 Trucking Companies - Others 2.24% 11 20 Law/Vehicle Enforcement - Lack of Paper Documentation with Commercial Vehicles 2.03% 10 21 Law/Vehicle Enforcement - Resistance to Change 0.41% 2 30 No Concerns with Law/Vehicle Enforcement 5.08% 25 22 Law/Vehicle Enforcement - Others 1.02% 5 25 Please state any additional stakeholders and their concerns in the text box 0.20% 1 Total 100% 492 Contractor â Others: Costs Use of independent trucking Cost Cost This technology is currently not under consideration. Some contractors, especially our smaller contractors, may not want to spend the money to update to this new technology. While our 1st 2 contractors were eager to try e-ticketing, others are not. NDOT has not initiated e-ticketing therefore I am unaware of contractor concerns
B-12 Electronic Ticketing of Materials for Construction Management Uniformly and consistently streamlining fleet asset identification for 3rd party hauling in tandem with internal fleet. Integration of e-ticketing with current plant technology. Contractor not wanting to buy equipment Dealing with plants that they do not own. Use of system on rental trucks. Concerns with GPS tracking and GPS modules (distribution and collection) Ensuring a system meets all variety of contractor and suppliers needs DOT â Others: Technology is sorely lacking, geogrids setup is a poor solution We have not focused on e-ticketing as of yet Cost Quality of the program. Not as user friendly as it should be. This technology is currently not under consideration. Accurate information and dealing with rejected loads. NDOT is currently focused on implementing AASHTOWare Project (Construction and Materials). The Materials module kickoff is next month at which point we will be researching e-ticketing opportunities with the software. Law/vehicle enforcement concerns Mobile IT devices not deployed to all field users Questions but not much resistance Funding of system & integration of systems Material Suppliers â Others: Costs Cost
Survey Results B-13 This technology is currently not under consideration. Some small suppliers have raised concerns with the cost of upgrading computerized systems for generating tickets Suppliers not having the required equipment/software. We have many suppliers in small towns and they may not want to spend the money to update to this technology. Tech. integration into plant systems Not all the producer plants statewide have good connectivity Same answer as above (contractors) Software compatibility Ensuring a system meets all variety of contractor and suppliers needs Trucking Companies â Others: Costs Independent trucking is an issue Trucking companies don't prime contractor having ability to track/ hold accountable for their movements ODOT would like to generate a pdf at plant and send directly to the project. This technology is currently not under consideration. ARDOT relies heavily on independent owner/operator trucking. There are concerns with who should own/supply the equipment necessary for e-ticketing. Same as above, we utilize many small companies and they might not want to spend the money to update to this technology. Same answer as above (contractors) Fleet management can be a challenge when dealing with both internal and external outfits for same operation Not liking the transparency of the equipment showing exact truck routes, etc.
B-14 Electronic Ticketing of Materials for Construction Management Returning GPS units to plant at the end of shift Law/Vehicle Enforcement â Others: Concern we may still need tickets for officers to verify overweight loads This technology is currently not under consideration. Unsure No concerns, as state statute will still require them to have a paper ticket with them at all times. During pilots, contractors still printing tickets. So not an issue yet. Please state any additional stakeholders and their concerns in the text box Trucking - Have truck identification numbers in a clear and visible location. Inspection staff was experiencing difficulties with safely locating and reading fleet asset numbers.
Survey Results B-15 13. Is there any other information regarding barriers or knowledge gaps to e- ticketing use in your state transportation agency that you'd like to share? (open ended) Contractors and materials suppliers use many varied systems from paper records to electronic plant controls and dispatching. Trying to find a one size fits all solution isn't reasonable or practical. From the DOT standpoint, we feel that we are going to specify the data we want to collect, how we want to collect it and make comments/remarks in the field, and how it should be submitted to us. That will allow industry to figure out how to meet the DOT needs. Our DOT is not interested in all of the vehicle tracking data; we just want the ability to capture the quantity information and make notes to it in the field. Connectivity issues associated with terrain and remote locations We are not wanting to specify a certain software for suppliers to use, but wanting a final ticket results with the information requested from the DOT. We need the ability to document information on some tickets at the point of delivery. Concrete tickets for example. With the systems reviewed to this point this appears to be unresolved. Ownership of the system? Contractor or Agency? Problems with integrating the loadout system to Fleetwatchers system. May require legislation to change current law regarding weighmasters certificates (signing, issuing, retention). Current solutions are poor and merely replace 18th century (paper and pen) tech with a time consuming effort. Letâs work on 21st century tech, perhaps do 2 DTMs for embanked/excavated/overlays materials or 3 DTMs for grind and inlay pavements with an accuracy and error calculated. Survey by LiDAR could do this if more precise , i.e. +/- 1/8" to 1/4". Currently applicable for aggregates and asphalt, technology not as well developed for concrete placement, but could be extremely useful. How a supplier separates out UDOT tickets from all their other tickets We simply have not focused on e-ticketing to date
B-16 Electronic Ticketing of Materials for Construction Management Costs No None Concern is the contractors having to purchase new equipment for all of their pits/quarries that may not get used all of the time. It may put a strain on smaller quarry/pit operators who have smaller margins to begin with. KDOT is implementing AASHTOWare and will eventually be exploring the options for e- ticketing. Many e-ticketing solutions are targeted and proprietary to a specific supplier type (agg., concrete, HMA) and the contracting community (commercial use predominantly). There has been minimal understanding of state transportation agency needs to accommodate the wide variety of tickets received on projects. Additionally, solutions often do not accommodate state and federal highway expectations in maintaining integrity of the data (i.e. potential contractor/supplier manipulation) from a certified scale to the project. Means of transfer friendly to both the driver and the inspector in the field in as much as interaction with quality assurance inspection software (AASHTOWare Project Construction and Materials) is a significant challenge. This would take considerable resources and funding to implement, and since we are not having any problems with the current system there is no rush to go to e-ticketing until all the bugs have been worked out. DelDOT wants to move toward electronic tracking and is currently developing a system. The process of developing it and implementing it has taken a very long time. Technology investment and maintenance costs for the contractors are the main concerns. The current philosophy is that the tickets need to be obtained when the truck arrives onsite so the inspector can verify that each ticket corresponds to an actual truckload of material. This has been an issue in the past, and will likely be a must-have with any e-Ticketing solution. Another concern is the question of consistency. In order to have consistency, the Department needs to specify an e-Ticketing solution for use by all Contractors/Suppliers statewide. However, that is essentially requiring all stakeholders to invest in a single product, which is frowned upon. If we do not specify the system that must be used, then we must be flexible enough to accept the output from any system a Contractor/Supplier chooses to use. 1. Concerns over battery life of mobile devices. 2. Concerns over integration of data into legacy systems. Here in Massachusetts one company has developed an application that could be used for e- ticketing. Concern is without other competition how do we procure a sole source application and make it mandatory state wide. Other concern would be MassDOT IT trying to develop this type of application.
Survey Results B-17 14. Besides e-Ticketing, what other material tracking technologies has your state transportation agency used? Others: Bar codes selected as limited tracking of material associated with identification of samples
B-18 Electronic Ticketing of Materials for Construction Management 15. In your opinion, which material tracking technology has the greatest potential value for use in transportation construction management? Others: DTMs with accuracy via rapid LiDAR surveys PDF the tickets Unsure. need more info It will likely be a combination of different systems, based on material type
Survey Results B-19 16. Regarding the previous question, do you have any additional comments as to why that technology has the greatest potential? (open ended) See previous response Greatest potential to integrate with other systems, supply more in depth data, track material placement geographically. E-ticketing should provide substantial time savings to field inspectors as well as enhance their safety by removing them from dangerous locations adjacent to traffic. We hope to utilize bar codes to replace sample identification cards which often get lost when submitting material samples. Progress has already been made in that area, the technology is proven in adjacent states. Implemented correctly, it seems to be able to provide valuable data to dot and contractor as well as improve for both entities Most all internal forms/processes have already gone electronic. The logical next step would be to incorporate material shipments With e-ticketing it will give the DOT a specific time stamp that loads are leaving the plant, when they arrive on the site, and when they dump into the paver. All very useful information that the DOT needs for acceptance. Employee safety - removing exposure to trucks on the grade. Efficiently processing tickets. Bar codes will greatly reduce errors, make the inspectors' jobs easier, and will allow all parties to file records the same way. As stated earlier, ARDOT has a significant concern that the tickets received are "taken" from a real truck on-site. RFID, NFC, or similar technology seems to be the best way to ensure that an actual truckload of material arrives on-site and we don't pay for loads of material we do not receive. These methods require some sort of communication device to be in reasonably close proximity to the truck. These methods also would seem to require less cost and complication than GPS-based tracking methods which might be employed with other e-Ticketing solutions. No comment.
B-20 Electronic Ticketing of Materials for Construction Management WV has only briefly investigated any of these technologies. Need more info and see what other states are doing. Bar coding could be used for more material tracking than those from e-Ticketing from my understanding. We are interested in learning more about RFID to use with other types of material for sampling and testing. e-Ticketing seems to be the system that is the closest to the paper ticket and easily verifiable by on-site inspectors. With e-ticketing all your information is there digitally. It is almost automatic. NDOT is looking at bar codes first for our AASHTOWare Materials implementation, however e-ticketing is very important to NDOT as well. None Technology is increasing at an exponential rate. It's important as an Engineer to utilize available resources to assist with safely streamlining active, on-site progress and compiling data useful in efforts to continually maintain quality and better our processes during development. In order for e-ticketing to work CDOT project staff need connected mobile devices to receive the e-ticket. CDOT currently does not have mobile devices being used in the field for field work. Although some of our staff have cell phones and laptops, these are not standard devices for hour testers and inspectors. Therefore CDOT cannot employ e-ticketing yet. We have about 150 construction projects a year. Approximately 5 of those projects are large projects which we employ innovative contracting (Design Build / CMGC). These innovative contracting projects set up their own universe regarding how they are administered too. I am sure some of these projects have employed e-ticketing to some extent because on these types of projects the contractor or consultants provide the CDOT personnel with connected mobile devices which enables e-ticketing. The other 145 projects we do a year are low bid. Even on these projects CDOT could only employ e-ticketing if the contractor, supplier, or consultant supplies CDOT staff with connected mobile devices. I am sure on some of these projects e- ticketing has been employed. Since CDOT does not employ e-ticketing, nobody from CDOT has a good grasp as to the extent e-ticketing is being used. Unique identifiers that can be easily transitioned not just from e-ticketing but many other kinds of material delivery paperwork like certifications for pipe, etc. Devices for inspectors and office administration staff have a high degree of likelihood to accommodate transfer of data through reading a bar code as this technology has been in the commercial sector for quite some time. Much of the current technology seems to be new and in flux. Sometimes a simple solution would work in a particular instance, but it would all have to work together.
Survey Results B-21 17. Using your best judgment, what would you envision the future use of e- ticketing in construction is for your state transportation agency based on material type? (Please note a response for each material type)
B-22 Electronic Ticketing of Materials for Construction Management 18. What research is needed to advance materials tracking and management in highway construction?(rank with 1 being the most needed)
Survey Results B-23 19. How did you procure the e-ticketing technology? Other: Supplied by contractor, incidental to bid items, not paid for by DOT. Non-FHWA participating contract modification UDOT built own system Negotiated additional item on an existing contract. Added by change order Requirements to use e-ticketing technology was either added directly to the contract or via a change order. e-ticketing was included after projects were led. Ticketless was bid with a developmental specification.
B-24 Electronic Ticketing of Materials for Construction Management 20. What were the primary benefits of using e-ticketing technologies? (click and drag the applicable items in the box and rank in order with 1 being the most beneficial)
Survey Results B-25 Others: Fleet management to assist with Thermal Uniformity measured by the paver mounted thermal profiling system.
B-26 Electronic Ticketing of Materials for Construction Management 21. Considering the costs and benefits of your e-ticketing experiences, what was your level of satisfaction? 22. How likely are you to use e-ticketing again?
Survey Results B-27 23. Which of the following challenges do you believe is most significant to e- ticketing use? (click and drag the applicable items in the box and rank in order with 1 being the most significant)
B-28 Electronic Ticketing of Materials for Construction Management
Survey Results B-29 24. What general feedback was received from contractors on the use of e- ticketing? 25. What general feedback was received from hauling companies on the use of e-ticketing?
B-30 Electronic Ticketing of Materials for Construction Management 26. What general feedback was received from plants/suppliers on the use of e- ticketing? 27. What general feedback was received from inspectors on the use of e- ticketing?
Survey Results B-31 28. What general feedback was received from engineers on the use of e- ticketing?
