National Academies Press: OpenBook

Performance-Based Pavement Warranty Practices (2020)

Chapter: Chapter 1 - Introduction

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Suggested Citation:"Chapter 1 - Introduction." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Performance-Based Pavement Warranty Practices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25870.
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Suggested Citation:"Chapter 1 - Introduction." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Performance-Based Pavement Warranty Practices. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25870.
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Page 4

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3 Background Pavement warranties have been implemented with the objective of minimizing premature or catastrophic failures, improving construction quality, and ultimately, improving pavement performance. After falling out of favor over 60 years ago, a resurgence in the use of warranties in the United States was driven by success in European countries, as well as the need to improve or maintain pavement performance while reducing agency oversight. Pavement warranties have been applied to new and reconstructed pavements, pavement preventive maintenance proj- ects, and pavement rehabilitation projects. Although pavement warranties have been used for decades, there is no national pavement warranty standard. Agencies have typically developed their own pavement warranty specifications. With no standard, agency specifications vary by pavement type, warranty type, warranty period, risk allocation item, performance evaluation method, and enforcement method. Synthesis Objectives The objective of this synthesis is to document the use and effectiveness of performance-based pavement warranties by highway agencies. The synthesis showcases successful agency practices using performance-based pavement warranties. Synthesis Scope and Approach The study focused on asphalt and concrete pavement projects that utilized performance- based warranties with warranty periods of at least 1 year. In addition, the utilization of pavement warranties for pavement preservation and rehabilitation projects were included. Information collected, as a minimum, included: • Performance criteria and threshold values for warranty specifications. • Selection criteria for suitable pavement warranty projects. • Warranty periods by pavement and treatment type. • Methods for measuring pavement conditions relative to warranty performance criteria. • Aspects of warranty enforcement (e.g., bond requirements, notification of exceeding thresh- olds, conflict-resolution methods). • Extent of use relative to total pavement program. • Frequency of invoking the warranty (order of magnitude). • Agency experience (i.e., is the pavement performance improved using warranties and does it cost more or less). C H A P T E R 1 Introduction

4 Performance-Based Pavement Warranty Practices Methods for collecting the desired information included conducting a literature review, an agency questionnaire, and follow-up questions, as needed. The literature search results were used to develop an agency survey of practice that was distributed to each state highway agency (SHA), the Puerto Rico Highway and Transportation Authority, and the ministries of transpor- tation for all Canadian provinces and territories. To obtain more detailed information related to agency practice, follow-up questions were sent to agencies who indicated current use of warranties in pavement construction. Follow-up questions investigated, for example, the details of the project selection process, the method for identifying pavement performance thresholds, the resulting cost and pavement performance, and challenges and benefits of performance-based pavement warranties. The information obtained from the literature review, the survey of practice, and the follow-up questions provided the basis for the information contained in this synthesis. Report Organization This synthesis is organized into the following chapters: • Chapter 1—Introduction. This chapter provides background information and synthesis objectives, and summarizes the scope, approach, and organization of the document. • Chapter 2—Literature Review. This chapter summarizes findings of the literature review. Relevant topics covered in the literature review include pavement warranty types, warranty periods, pavement performance indicators and thresholds, project selection criteria, and highlights of pavement warranty experience in both Europe and the United States. • Chapter 3—State of the Practice. This chapter summarizes the agency survey results and includes topics related to project selection criteria, pavement warranty processes, dispute resolution, pavement inspection processes, and warranty specifications. • Chapter 4—Case Examples. This chapter summarizes information provided by five high- way agencies who currently utilize performance warranties in pavement construction. Agency examples of pavement warranty application include new and reconstructed asphalt and concrete pavement projects, as well as asphalt pavement preservation and rehabilita- tion projects. • Chapter 5—Conclusions. The synthesis concludes with a summary of key observations and suggested areas for further research and outreach to improve the use of performance-based warranties in pavement construction, rehabilitation, and preservation. • Bibliography/Acronyms and Abbreviations. • Appendices—Appendix A includes the questionnaire that was distributed electronically to the state and provincial agencies, Appendix B summarizes the agency responses to each question of the survey, Appendix C provides specifications provided with agency survey results and responses to follow-up questions, and Appendices D through G includes support- ing information for each case example.

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Pavement warranties have been common in the United States at various points in time, coming back into favor during the 1990s. While there is no national pavement warranty standard, agencies have developed their own specifications with varying criteria.

The TRB National Cooperative Highway Research Program'sNCHRP Synthesis 553: Performance-Based Pavement Warranty Practices documents highway agency practices associated with the use of performance-based pavement warranties, focusing on asphalt, concrete, and composite pavement projects (new, preservation, and rehabilitation) with warranty periods of at least one year.

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