Appendix B

Committee and Staff Biosketches

COMMITTEE MEMBERS

William H. Foege, M.D., M.P.H. (Co-Chair), is the Presidential Distinguished Professor of International Health (emeritus), Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University. Dr. Foege, an epidemiologist, worked in the successful campaign to eradicate smallpox in the 1970s. Dr. Foege became chief of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’s) Smallpox Eradication Program, and was appointed the director of CDC in 1977. In 1984, Dr. Foege co-founded the Task Force for Child Survival, a working group for the World Health Organization, UNICEF, the World Bank, the United Nations Development Programme, and The Rockefeller Foundation. Dr. Foege served The Carter Center between 1986 and 1992 as its executive director, fellow for health policy, and executive director of Global 2000. Between 1992 and 1999, he contributed to the Center’s work as a fellow and as the executive director of the Task Force for Child Survival and Development. Between 1999 and 2009, Dr. Foege served as the senior medical advisor for the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Helene D. Gayle, M.D., M.P.H. (Co-Chair), has been the president and the chief executive officer (CEO) of The Chicago Community Trust, one of the nation’s oldest and largest community foundations, since October 2017. Under her leadership, the Trust has adopted a new strategic focus on closing the racial and ethnic wealth gap in the Chicago region. For almost a decade, she was the president and the CEO of CARE, a leading international humanitarian organization. An expert on global development, humanitarian, and health issues, Dr. Gayle spent 20 years with the Centers for Disease

Control and Prevention, working primarily on HIV/AIDS. She worked at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, directing programs on HIV/AIDS and other global health issues. She also launched the McKinsey Social Initiative (now McKinsey.org), a nonprofit that builds partnerships for social impact. Dr. Gayle serves on public company and nonprofit boards, including the Coca-Cola Company, Colgate-Palmolive Company, the Brookings Institution, the Center for Strategic and International Studies, New America, the ONE Campaign, the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, and the Economic Club of Chicago. She is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, the American Public Health Association, the National Academy of Medicine, the National Medical Association, and the American Academy of Pediatrics. Named one of Forbes’ “100 Most Powerful Women” and one of NonProfit Times’ “Power and Influence Top 50,” she has authored numerous articles on global and domestic public health issues, poverty alleviation, gender equality, and social justice. Dr. Gayle was born and raised in Buffalo, New York. She earned a B.A. in psychology at Barnard College, an M.D. at the University of Pennsylvania, and an M.P.H. at Johns Hopkins University. She has received 18 honorary degrees and holds faculty appointments at the University of Washington and Emory University.

Margaret L. Brandeau, Ph.D., M.S., is the Coleman F. Fung Professor of Engineering and a professor of medicine (by courtesy) at Stanford University. Her research focuses on the development of applied mathematical and economic models to support health policy decisions. Her recent work has examined HIV and drug abuse prevention and treatment programs, programs to control the opioid epidemic, and preparedness plans for public health emergencies. She is a fellow of the Institute for Operations Research and Management Science (INFORMS) and a member of the Omega Rho Honor Society for Operations Research and Management Science. From INFORMS, she has received the Philip McCord Morse Lectureship Award, the President’s Award (for contributions to the welfare of society), the Pierskalla Prize (for research excellence in health care management science), and the Award for the Advancement of Women in Operations Research and the Management Sciences. She has also received the Award for Excellence in Application of Pharmacoeconomics and Health Outcomes Research from the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research and a Presidential Young Investigator Award from the National Science Foundation, among other awards. She is a member of the National Institutes of Health Office of AIDS Research Advisory Council and a member of the Stanford-Lancet Commission on the North American Opioid Crisis. She previously served as a member of the Board of Scientific Counselors, a federal advisory committee to the Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and she

has served on several Institute of Medicine committees. Professor Brandeau earned a B.S. in mathematics and an M.S. in operations research from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and a Ph.D. in engineering-economic systems from Stanford University.

Alison M. Buttenheim, Ph.D., M.B.A., is an associate professor of nursing and health policy at the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing. Dr. Buttenheim is a leading expert in the application of behavioral economics to infectious disease prevention. Her research agenda has focused on vaccine acceptance and vaccine exemption policy in the United States, zoonotic disease prevention in Peru, and HIV prevention in South Africa. She is the associate director of Penn’s Center for Health Incentives and Behavioral Economics, as well as the associate director of Penn’s National Clinician Scholar Program, and the director of engagement at the Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics at the University of Pennsylvania. She was recently appointed commissioner to the Lancet Commission on Vaccine Refusal, Acceptance, and Demand in the United States. Dr. Buttenheim holds a Ph.D. in public health from the University of California, Los Angeles, and an M.B.A. from the Stanford University Graduate School of Business.

R. Alta Charo, J.D., is the Warren P. Knowles Professor of Law and Bioethics at the University of Wisconsin Law School, where she teaches public health law, biotechnology policy, and bioethics. In government, she has worked at the former congressional Office of Technology Assessment, the U.S. Agency for International Development, and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. From 1996 to 2001, she served on President Clinton’s National Bioethics Advisory Commission. A member of the National Academy of Medicine, Ms. Charo co-chaired the National Academies’ committees that wrote guidelines for embryonic stem cell research and recommendations for U.S. policy and global principles regarding human genome editing. She was a member of the Institute of Medicine’s committee on the safety of the pediatric vaccine schedule and the committee to review the smallpox vaccine program. At present she is a member of the World Health Organization’s committee on global governance of genome editing, and serves with several National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine efforts, including committees on emerging infectious diseases and on emerging science and technology issues. She received her B.A. in biology from Harvard University in 1979 and her J.D. from Columbia Law School in 1982.

James F. Childress, Ph.D., M.A., is a university professor (emeritus) and formerly the John Allen Hollingsworth Professor of Ethics, a professor of religious studies, and a professor of research in medical education at the University of Virginia. Dr. Childress also served as the Joseph P. Ken-

nedy, Sr., Professor of Christian Ethics at the Kennedy Institute of Ethics at Georgetown University and is a visiting professor at the University of Chicago Divinity School and Princeton University. In 1990, he was named Professor of the Year in the Commonwealth of Virginia by the Council for the Advancement and Support of Education, and in 2002 he received the University of Virginia’s highest honor—the Thomas Jefferson Award. In spring 2010 he held the Maguire Chair in American History and Ethics at the Library of Congress. Dr. Childress is the author of numerous articles and several books in various areas of ethics, including (with Tom Beau-champ) Principles of Biomedical Ethics, now in its eighth edition and translated into several languages. Dr. Childress was the vice chair of the national Task Force on Organ Transplantation, and he has served on the boards of directors of the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS), the UNOS Ethics Committee, the Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee, the Human Gene Therapy Subcommittee, the Biomedical Ethics Advisory Committee, and several data and safety monitoring boards for National Institutes of Health clinical trials. He was a member of the presidentially appointed National Bioethics Advisory Commission (1996–2001). Dr. Childress is a member of the National Academy of Medicine and he has participated in and chaired several studies at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. His current research focuses on public bioethics, public health ethics, and just-war theory and practice. Dr. Childress received his B.A. from Guilford College, his B.D. from Yale Divinity School, and his M.A. and Ph.D. from Yale University.

Ana V. Diez Roux, M.D., Ph.D., M.P.H., is the dean and the Distinguished University Professor of Epidemiology in the Dornsife School of Public Health at Drexel University. Dr. Diez Roux is internationally known for her research on the social determinants of population health, the study of how neighborhoods affect health, and urban health. Her work on neighborhood health effects has been highly influential in the policy debate on population health and its determinants. She has led large National Institutes of Health and foundation-funded research and training programs in the United States and in collaboration with various institutions in Latin America and is currently principal investigator of the Wellcome Trust–funded SALURBAL (Salud Urbana en América Latina) study. Dr. Diez Roux has served on numerous editorial boards, review panels, and advisory committees including the Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee of the Environmental Protection Agency (as chair), the Board of Scientific Counselors of the National Center for Health Statistics, the Committee on Health and Wellbeing in the Changing Urban Environment of the International Council for Science, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Community Preventive Services Task-force. She has received the Wade Hampton Frost Award for her contribu-

tions to public health from the American Public Health Association and the Award for Outstanding Contributions to Epidemiology from the American College of Epidemiology. She is an elected member of the American Epidemiological Society and the Academy of Behavioral Medicine Research. She was elected to the National Academy of Medicine in 2009.

Abigail Echo-Hawk, M.A., is an enrolled citizen of the Pawnee Nation of Oklahoma. She is currently the chief research officer at the Seattle Indian Health Board and the director of the Urban Indian Health Institute, a national tribal epidemiology center serving urban-dwelling American Indians and Alaska Natives. Currently, Abigail is part of multiple committees, boards, and workgroups that are focused on ending health disparities through health equity approaches. These include the Best Starts for Kids board, the March of Dimes Health Equity workgroup, the Tribal Collaboration Working Group with the National Institutes of Health (NIH) All of Us Research Program, the Advisory Committee for Health Equity Research at the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, the National Institute on Drug Abuse American Indian and Alaska Native Collaborative Research Engagement workgroup, and the Data for Indigenous Justice board. In the past, Ms. Echo-Hawk spent 8 years as the tribal liaison with Partnerships for Native Health at the School of Public Health at the University of Washington. In 2016, she became the co-director of Partnerships of Native Health at the Washington State University Institute for Research and Education to Advance Community Health. Ms. Echo-Hawk was also the tribal relationship facilitator at the Institute of Translational Health Sciences at the University of Washington from 2010 to 2015. In 2015, she became a board member for the Center for Indigenous Law and Justice. She has a B.A. in interdisciplinary studies and an M.A. in policy studies, both from the University of Washington, which honored her with the Distinguished Alumna of the Year Award in 2011. She is an expert in American Indian and Alaska Native health, including strengths and resiliencies as well as disparities, and was recently awarded the Washington State Public Health Association Secretary of Health Award and 2020 Indian Woman of the Year by a national organization of indigenous women. Ms. Echo-Hawk began working in health equity in 2000 as a community advocate to address the high rates of infant mortality among American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN). After recognizing the lack of evidence-based practices that were informed and shaped by AI/AN communities, in 2010 she began working in research on health disparities and achieving health equity. Since then, she has been the tribal liaison for 26 multi-year, NIH-funded studies of Native health. Her role in each study was to ensure that relationships between academia and Native communities are bidirectional and grounded in health equity principles. In her current role as the director of the Urban Indian

Health Institute (UIHI), she directs the only national tribal epidemiology center, and they are conducting COVID-19 epidemiological surveillance with urban Indian health programs. In addition, UIHI is focused on health equity approaches to ensure AI/AN access to prevention and treatment of COVID-19 through indigenous public health and epidemiology practices. An essential component of Ms. Echo-Hawk’s work in facilitating protocols and ground rules for research partnerships has included negotiating equity through tribal data sharing, control, and ownership. Many communities have experienced untrustworthy practices, where agencies and individuals have exploited and used data with little to no meaningful impact, while people of color continue to bear the burden of health disparities. If used in an equitable manner, data are increasingly valued as a resource that represents opportunities for improving community well-being and health outcomes. Ms. Echo-Hawk works nationally with collaborative partnerships to ensure equitable health outcomes for people of color and other marginalized communities. Much of her work involves community-based participatory research, with a strong emphasis on cultural humility, respect for tribal sovereignty, and achieving health equity to undo health disparities. In addition to many health equity–focused publications, she is a coauthor of several manuscripts in development.

Christopher Elias, M.D., M.P.H., is the president of the Global Development Division at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, where he leads the foundation’s efforts in a diverse range of program areas aimed at finding creative new ways to ensure that solutions and products get into the hands of people in poor countries who need them most. Focusing on areas with the potential for high-impact, sustainable solutions that can reach hundreds of millions of people, Dr. Elias oversees Global Development’s portfolio in Emergency Response; Family Planning; Maternal, Newborn & Child Health; Nutrition; Polio Eradication; and Vaccine Delivery. A common theme of these programs is innovative and integrated delivery, including an emphasis on strengthening primary health care systems. Dr. Elias’s professional background is in public health and medicine. Prior to joining the Gates Foundation in February 2012, he worked in various positions and countries for international nonprofit organizations, most recently serving as the president and chief executive officer of PATH, an international, nonprofit organization dedicated to improving the health of people around the world by advancing technologies, strengthening systems, and encouraging healthy behaviors. Dr. Elias holds an M.D. from Creighton University, having completed postgraduate training in internal medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, and an M.P.H. from the University of Washington, where he was a fellow in the Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program. He is a member of the National Academy of Medicine.

Baruch Fischhoff, Ph.D., is Howard Heinz University Professor, Department of Engineering and Public Policy and Institute for Politics and Strategy, Carnegie Mellon University (CMU). A graduate of the Detroit Public Schools, he holds a B.S. (mathematics, psychology) from Wayne State University and a Ph.D. (psychology) from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Medicine. He is the past president of the Society for Judgment and Decision Making and of the Society for Risk Analysis. He has chaired the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Risk Communication Advisory Committee and has been a member of the Eugene (Oregon) Commission on the Rights of Women, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Advisory Committee, and the Environmental Protection Agency Scientific Advisory Board, where he chaired the Homeland Security Advisory Committee. He has received the American Psychological Association (APA) Award for Distinguished Contribution to Psychology, CMU’s Ryan Award for Teaching, an honorary Doctorate of Humanities from Lund University, and an Andrew Carnegie Fellowship. He is a fellow of APA, the Association for Psychological Science, the Society of Experimental Psychologists, and the Society for Risk Analysis. His books include Acceptable Risk; Risk: A Very Short Introduction; Judgment and Decision Making; A Two-State Solution in the Middle East; Counting Civilian Casualties; and Communicating Risks and Benefits. He has served on many National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine committees and chaired or co-chaired three National Academies colloquia on the Science of Science Communication and its committees on applying decision science to intelligence analysis, and on foundational science for cybersecurity.

David Michaels, Ph.D., M.P.H., is an epidemiologist and a professor of environmental and occupational health at the Milken Institute School of Public Health of The George Washington University. He served as the assistant secretary of labor for the Occupational Safety and Health Administration from 2009 to 2017, the longest-serving person in the agency’s history. From 1998 to 2001, Dr. Michaels was the assistant secretary of energy for environment, safety, and health, charged with protecting the workers, community residents, and environment in and around the nation’s nuclear weapons facilities. In that position, he was the chief architect of the historic initiative to compensate nuclear weapons workers who were sickened by radiation, beryllium, and other toxic exposures. Much of Dr. Michaels’s work has focused on protecting the integrity of the science underpinning public health, safety, and environmental protections. On this topic, he is the author of Doubt Is Their Product: How Industry’s Assault on Science Threatens Your Health (Oxford University Press, 2008) and The Triumph of Doubt: Dark Money and the Science of Deception (Oxford University

Press, 2020). He is a recipient of the American Association for the Advancement of Science’s Scientific Freedom and Responsibility Award; the American Public Health Association’s David P. Rall Award for Advocacy in Public Health; and the John P. McGovern Science and Society Award given by Sigma Xi, the Scientific Research Society. Dr. Michaels is a member of the Board of Scientific Counselors of the National Toxicology Program, the Administrative Conference of the United States, and the Lucian Leape Institute of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement. He received his Ph.D. and M.P.H. from Columbia University and his B.A. from the City College of New York.

Jewel Mullen, M.D., M.P.H., M.P.A., FACP, is the associate dean for health equity and an associate professor of population health and internal medicine at The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, as well as the director of health equity at Ascension Seton. An internist and psychosocial epidemiologist, Dr. Mullen is the former principal deputy assistant secretary for health at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, where she also served as the acting assistant secretary for health and acting director of the National Vaccine Program Office. Formerly the commissioner of the Connecticut Department of Public Health, she led the agency’s successful implementation of an expanded childhood vaccine program. She also completed bioethics training and served on the Ethics Consultation Service at the University of Virginia School of Medicine. A former president of the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials, Dr. Mullen is a current member of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report editorial board, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation’s Policies for Action National Advisory Committee, and the ChangeLab Solutions Board of Directors. She is a member of the COVID-19 Expert Advisory Panel for the City of Austin, Texas, and provides COVID-19-related consultation to the Carnival Corporation. Board certified in internal medicine, Dr. Mullen received her bachelor’s degree and M.P.H. from Yale University, where she also completed a postdoctoral fellowship in psychosocial epidemiology. She graduated from the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, and completed her residency at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania. She also holds an M.P.A. from the Harvard University John F. Kennedy School of Government.

Saad B. Omer, Ph.D., M.P.H., M.B.B.S., FIDSA, is the director of the Yale Institute for Global Health, a professor of medicine and epidemiology at the Yale University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, and an adjunct professor at the Yale School of Nursing. He has conducted studies in the United States, Guatemala, Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Australia, and South Africa. Dr. Omer’s research portfolio

includes the epidemiology of respiratory viruses such as influenza, RSV, and more recently, SARS-CoV-2; clinical trials to estimate efficacy of maternal and/or infant influenza, pertussis, polio, measles, and pneumococcal vaccines; and trials to evaluate drug regimens to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Moreover, he has conducted several studies on interventions to increase immunization coverage and acceptance. His work has also included public health preparedness strategies to effectively respond to large emerging and reemerging infectious disease outbreaks. Dr. Omer’s work has been cited in global and country-specific policy recommendations and has informed clinical practice and health legislation in several countries. Dr. Omer is the co-chair of the Lancet Commission on Vaccine Hesitancy in the United States, serves on the National Vaccine Advisory Committee Working Group for Vaccine Hesitancy, and is on the board of trustees for the Sabin Vaccine Institute. He is also a member of the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety, the WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) Working Group on COVID-19 Vaccines, and the WHO SAGE Working Group on Measles and Rubella Vaccines. Dr. Omer is also currently an academic affiliate for the U.S. Government Accountability Office’s Office of Evaluation Sciences. He has previously served on several advisory panels including the U.S. National Vaccine Advisory Committee, the Presidential Advisory Council on Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria—Vaccine Innovation Working Group, the WHO Expert Advisory Group for Healthcare Worker Vaccination, and the Public Health Committee of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Daniel Polsky, Ph.D., M.P.P., is the 40th Bloomberg Distinguished Professor of Health Economics at Johns Hopkins University. He holds primary appointments in the Department of Health Policy and Management, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and the Carey Business School. From 1996 to 2016 he was on the faculty at the University of Pennsylvania, where he was the Robert D. Eilers Professor at the Wharton School and the Perelman School of Medicine. From 2012 to 2019 he served as the executive director of the Leonard Davis Institute for Health Economics. Dr. Polsky, a national leader in the field of health policy and economics, has dedicated his career to exploring how health care is organized, managed, financed, and delivered, especially for low-income populations. His own research has advanced our understanding of the cost and quality trade-offs of interventions, whether they are changes to large federal programs or local programs. He is a member of the National Academy of Medicine. He serves on the Health and Medicine Division Committee for the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. He serves on the Congressional Budget Office’s Panel of Health Advisers and was the

senior economist on health issues at the President’s Council of Economic Advisers. He received an M.P.P. from the University of Michigan in 1989 and a Ph.D. in economics from the University of Pennsylvania in 1996.

Sonja A. Rasmussen, M.D., M.S., is a professor in the Departments of Pediatrics, Epidemiology, and Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University of Florida (UF) College of Medicine and College of Public Health and Health Professions, where she serves as the director of UF’s Precision Health Program, which focuses on the integration of genomics into clinical care. Dr. Rasmussen joined UF in 2018 after 20 years at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, where she held several scientific leadership roles. In her recent roles as a public health leader, she served as deputy director of the Influenza Coordination Unit, responsible for CDC’s pandemic influenza preparedness and response activities, and she led CDC’s Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response, an office with a $1.3 billion annual budget and more than 900 staff members, as acting director during the 2014 Ebola response. She has served as editor-in-chief of CDC’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Series, the #1 journal in the field of epidemiology according to a number of citations, and as the director of the Division of Public Health Information Dissemination. Dr. Rasmussen was the lead author of the paper confirming that Zika virus is a cause of birth defects, published in The New England Journal of Medicine in 2016. She served in leadership roles during several CDC responses to public health emergencies, including 2009 H1N1 influenza, H7N9 influenza, Middle East respiratory syndrome, and Zika virus. Dr. Rasmussen received her B.S. in biology and mathematics with magna cum laude honors from the University of Minnesota Duluth, her M.S. in medical genetics from the University of Wisconsin, and her M.D. with honors from UF. She completed her pediatrics residency at Massachusetts General Hospital and her fellowship in clinical genetics at Johns Hopkins and UF. Dr. Rasmussen is currently serving in a leadership role at UF in its response to COVID-19, including consulting with university leadership about containment and mitigation measures. She has published seven papers focused on what is known about this new virus in children and pregnant women. She is an author on more than 240 peer-reviewed publications and is the lead editor of The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual, released by the Oxford University Press in 2019.

Arthur L. Reingold, M.D., is a professor and the head of the Division of Epidemiology at the School of Public Health at the University of California, Berkeley, having joined the faculty there in 1987. His research interests encompass the prevention and control of infectious diseases in the United States and internationally, particularly infections spread via the respiratory route and vaccine preventable diseases. He has previously served on the

Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and on the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on immunizations of the World Health Organization. He was elected to membership in the National Academy of Medicine in 2003 and has previously served on multiple committees of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.

Reed V. Tuckson, M.D., FACP, is the managing director of Tuckson Health Connections, LLC, a health and medical care consulting business that brings people and ideas together to promote optimal health outcomes and value through innovation and integration across the fields of prevention, public health, consumer activation, quality care delivery, the translation of science and technology into value-producing interventions, and optimization of big data and analytics. Previously, he enjoyed a long tenure as executive vice president and chief of medical affairs for UnitedHealth Group; senior vice president for professional standards of the American Medical Association; senior vice president of the March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation; president of the Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science; and commissioner of public health for the District of Columbia. Previously, Dr. Tuckson served as the president of the American Telemedicine Association; a board member of the Arnold P. Gold Foundation, which is concerned with advancing humanism in medical care; a member of the Advisory Committee to the director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH); as chairman of the Secretary of Health’s Advisory Committee on Genetics, Health and Society; on several U.S. government cabinet-level health advisory committees concerned with health reform, infant mortality, children’s health, violence, and radiation testing; on the National Advisory Council for Complementary and Integrative Health of NIH; and on the Board of Directors of Life-Point Health, a leading hospital company dedicated to providing high-value care and services to growing regions, rural communities, and vibrant small towns across the nation. He currently serves on the board of directors of Cell Therapeutics, Inc., a public corporation concerned with the development of cancer pharmaceuticals; and he is a special advisor to the chief executive officer of ViTel Net, LLC, a leading innovator in telehealth solutions. Additionally, he is an elected member of the National Academy of Medicine, serving in a leadership position on the use of data and analytics in health care; as an advisory board member of the Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics; and as a trustee of the Board of Howard University. He is a graduate of Howard University, the Georgetown University School of Medicine, and the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania’s General Internal Medicine Residency and Fellowship Programs, where he was also a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholar studying at the Wharton School of Business.

Michael R. Wasserman, M.D., C.M.D., is a geriatrician and the president of the California Association of Long Term Care Medicine. He has been an advocate for vulnerable older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic, as the lead author of Diagnostic Testing for SARS-Coronavirus-2 in the Nursing Facility: Recommendations of a Delphi Panel of Long-Term Care Clinicians, and An Aspirational Approach to Nursing Home Operations During the COVID-19 Pandemic. He is the editor-in-chief of Springer’s upcoming textbook, Geriatric Medicine: A Person Centered Evidence Based Approach. He previously served as the chief executive officer for Rockport Healthcare Services, overseeing the largest nursing home chain in California. Prior to that, he was the executive director, care continuum, for the Health Services Advisory Group, the Quality Innovation Network–Quality Improvement Organization for California. In 2001 he co-founded Senior Care of Colorado, which became the largest privately owned primary care geriatrics practice in the country, before he sold it in 2010. In the 1990s he was the president and the chief medical officer for GeriMed of America, where he helped to develop GeriMed’s Clinical Glidepaths. In 1989, in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, Dr. Wasserman published “Fever, white blood cells and differential count in diagnosing bacterial infection in the elderly,” the findings of which are now part of the McGeer Criteria, used widely in nursing homes to evaluate residents for infections. Dr. Wasserman is a graduate of the University of Texas, Medical Branch. He completed an internal medicine residency at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and a geriatric medicine fellowship at University of California, Los Angeles. He was formerly a public commissioner for the Continuing Care Accreditation Commission. He was the lead delegate from the State of Colorado to the 2005 White House Conference on Aging, and co-chaired the Colorado Alzheimer’s Coordinating Council. Dr. Wasserman serves on the boards of the Wish of a Lifetime Foundation and the American Geriatrics Society’s Foundation for Health in Aging.

STAFF

Lisa Brown, M.P.H., serves as the study director for the Committee on Equitable Allocation of Vaccine for the Novel Coronavirus and is a senior program officer on the Board on Health Sciences Policy at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Her primary interests are in health security, and she currently directs several activities on emerging infectious diseases and 21st-century health threats, evidence-based practices for public health emergency preparedness and response, and resiliency of the medical supply chain. Previously, she directed consensus studies on data needs to monitor the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 and the resiliency of the academic biomedical research community. Prior to joining

the National Academies, Ms. Brown served as a senior program analyst for public health preparedness and environment health at the National Association of County & City Health Officials (NACCHO). In this capacity, she served as project lead for medical countermeasures and the Strategic National Stockpile, researched radiation preparedness issues, and was involved in high-level Centers for Disease Control and Prevention initiatives for the development of clinical guidance for anthrax and botulism countermeasures in a mass casualty event. In 2015, Ms. Brown was selected as a fellow in the Emerging Leaders in Biosecurity Initiative at the Center for Health Security, a highly competitive program to prepare the next generation of leaders in the field of biosecurity. Prior to her work at NACCHO, Ms. Brown worked as an environmental public health scientist at Public Health England (PHE) in London, England. While at PHE, she focused on climate change, the recovery process following disasters, and the impacts of droughts and floods on emerging infectious diseases. She received her M.P.H. from King’s College London in 2012 and her B.S. in biology from The University of Findlay in 2010.

Benjamin Kahn, M.P.H., is an associate program officer on the Board on Health Sciences Policy (HSP) and currently staffs the Standing Committee on Emerging Infectious Diseases and 21st Century Health Threats and the Committee on Equitable Allocation of Vaccine for the Novel Coronavirus. Mr. Kahn completed his M.P.H. in May 2020 at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, where he also earned a certificate in vaccine science and policy. His M.P.H. capstone project, conducted in collaboration with Bloomberg’s International Vaccine Access Center, focused on characterizing and understanding vaccine hesitancy in South Asia. While completing his M.P.H., Mr. Kahn also interned at the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, supporting the organization’s work around vaccine development for COVID-19. Prior to his time at Johns Hopkins, Mr. Kahn spent 4 years working at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in research and project management, supporting a range of activities including several in HSP’s health security and public health preparedness portfolios. Mr. Kahn received his B.A. in history and anthropology from the University of Michigan.

Elizabeth Finkelman, M.P.P., is a senior program officer in the Office of the President at the National Academy of Medicine (NAM). In her role, she directs NAM special projects and initiatives, including the Action Collaborative on Countering the U.S. Opioid Epidemic, the Healthy Longevity Global Competition, and previously, the Vital Directions for Health and Health Care initiative. Prior to joining the NAM in 2015, Ms. Finkelman spent several years working in program administration and research within

the Division on Earth and Life Studies at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. She completed her undergraduate degree at McGill University, double majoring in cell and molecular biology and political science. She has an M.P.P. from The George Washington University with a concentration in health policy.

Aurelia Attal-Juncqua, M.Sc., is an associate program officer on the Board on Health Sciences Policy with the Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Disasters and Emergencies. Prior to joining the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Ms. Attal-Juncqua worked for 3 years as a senior research associate at the Center for Global Health Science and Security at Georgetown University. Previously, Ms. Attal-Juncqua also briefly worked as a business analyst in the health care and pharmaceutical industry in London, as well as a researcher for the World Health Organization in Geneva. In addition to her role at the National Academies, Ms. Attal-Juncqua is a part-time doctoral student in health security at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. She previously received a B.Sc. (Hons) in biology and microbiology from the Imperial College in London and an M.Sc. in control of infectious diseases from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. Her main professional interests include biosecurity, capacity building for prevention and control of infectious diseases, and public health emergency preparedness and response.

Emma Fine is an associate program officer on the Board on Health Sciences Policy and has worked at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine for 4 years. Previously, she staffed a project on the Board on Global Health assessing morbidity and mortality from HIV/AIDS in Rwanda. She also worked on the Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences, where she helped bridge the gap between academic experts and intelligence analysts for the Office of the Director of National Intelligence. Prior to joining the National Academies, Ms. Fine interned for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services in the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, where she contributed research to the National Health Security Strategy Implementation Plan as well as the intersection between terrorism and public health preparedness. In 2016, Ms. Fine graduated from the University of California, Berkeley, where she earned her B.A. in public health and public policy. She is particularly interested in the nexus between public health, intelligence, and national security and she plans to either pursue a degree in national security or enter the Foreign Service.

Rebecca Chevat is a senior program assistant in the Health and Medicine Division of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.

She was a recipient of a Health and Medicine Division Spot Award in 2019. Ms. Chevat graduated from American University in 2018. She received her B.A. in public health with concentrations in psychology and political science. During her undergraduate career, she worked in the Office of the Secretary and in the Office of Health Affairs at the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, where she examined public–private partnerships and their role on points of dispensing models during emergencies. Additionally, she is a national registered emergency medical technician. She plans to pursue her M.P.H. in global health.

Rose Marie Martinez, Sc.D., is the senior director of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice (1999–present). The board has a vibrant portfolio of studies that address high-profile and pressing issues that affect population health. The board addresses the science base for population health and public health interventions and examines the capacity of the health system, particularly the public health infrastructure, to support disease prevention and health promotion activities, including the education and supply of health professionals necessary for carrying them out. The board has examined such topics as the safety of childhood vaccines and other drugs; systems for evaluating and ensuring drug safety, post marketing; pandemic influenza planning; the health effects of cannabis and cannabinoids; the health effects of environmental exposures; the integration of medical care and public health; women’s health services; health disparities; health literacy; tobacco control strategies; chronic disease prevention; and other topics. Prior to joining the National Academies, Dr. Martinez was a senior health researcher at Mathematica Policy Research (1995–1999), where she conducted research on the impact of health system change on the public health infrastructure, access to care for low-income populations, managed care, and the health care workforce. Dr. Martinez is a former assistant director for health financing and policy with the U.S. General Accounting Office, where she directed evaluations and policy analysis in the area of national and public health issues (1988–1995). Her experience also includes 6 years directing research studies for the Regional Health Ministry of Madrid, Spain (1982–1988). Dr. Martinez is a member of the Council on Education for Public Health, the accreditation body for schools of public health and public health programs. Dr. Martinez received the degree of doctor of science from the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health.

Andrew M. Pope, Ph.D., is the senior director of the Board on Health Sciences Policy of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. He has a Ph.D. in physiology and biochemistry from the University of Maryland and has been a member of the National Academies staff

since 1982 and of the Health and Medicine Division staff since 1989. His primary interests are science policy, biomedical ethics, and environmental and occupational influences on human health. During his tenure at the National Academies, Dr. Pope has directed numerous studies on topics that range from injury control, disability prevention, and biologic markers to the protection of human subjects of research, National Institutes of Health priority-setting processes, organ procurement and transplantation policy, and the role of science and technology in countering terrorism. Since 1998, Dr. Pope has served as the director of the Board on Health Sciences Policy, which oversees and guides a program of activities that is intended to encourage and sustain the continuous vigor of the basic biomedical and clinical research enterprises needed to ensure and improve the health and resilience of the public. Ongoing activities include forums on neuroscience, genomics, drug discovery and development, and medical and public health preparedness for disasters and emergencies. Dr. Pope is the recipient of the Health and Medicine Division’s Cecil Award and the National Academy of Sciences President’s Special Achievement Award.