Appendix A

Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables

REVIEW PROCESS FOR MORTALITY DATA CODING AND ANALYSIS

Checking International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 and ICD-10 Code Categorizations

Shannon Monnat compiled a list of ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes for the 20 specific cause-of-death categories included in this report. Irma Elo and Ryan Masters and two graduate research assistants checked this list for completeness and accuracy of categorization. The committee edited the list to ensure that it was exhaustive (included all ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes) and mutually exclusive (no code was included in more than one category). The specific ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes for each cause-of-death category are presented in Chapter 5.

Checking for Accuracy of Death Counts for Cause-of-Death Categories

The committee conducted analyses using the restricted mortality files (death certificates) from the National Center for Health Statistics. After assigning decedents to one of 20 cause-of-death categories based on their underlying cause of death, Shannon Monnat tabulated the total number of deaths in each of the 20 cause-of-death categories by year (1990–2017), sex, and 10-year age group (25–34, 35–44, 45–54, and 55–64). She then compared those tabulations from the restricted mortality data with the

total counts for each of the 20 cause-of-death categories in CDC WONDER (the public online mortality database) to ensure that the annual and subgroup-specific counts from the restricted mortality data equated to the counts derived from CDC WONDER. A graduate research assistant replicated this procedure. The committee member then repeated this procedure to further disaggregate counts by race (non-Hispanic [NH] White, NH Black, Hispanic, Asian, American Indian/Alaska Native) and compare them with the CDC WONDER data. This check was available only for 1999–2017 because Hispanic ethnicity was not included in CDC WONDER prior to 1999.

Checking for Accuracy of Age-Adjustment

Two committee members, Shannon Monnat and Irma Elo, independently calculated all of the subgroup-specific age-adjusted mortality rates for all-cause mortality and the 20 cause-of-death categories presented in this report. The two committee members independently arrived at identical age-adjusted mortality rates, which are those presented in the report.

CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY ESTIMATES BY SEX, AGE GROUP, AND RACE AND ETHNICITY

TABLE A-1 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Males Ages 25-44

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic White males ages 25–44. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

TABLE A-2 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic Black Males Ages 25-44

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic Black males ages 25–44. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

TABLE A-3 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Hispanic Males Ages 25-44

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among Hispanic males ages 25–44. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

TABLE A-4 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Females Ages 25-44

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic White females ages 25–44. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

TABLE A-5 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic Black Females Ages 25-44

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic Black females ages 25–44. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

TABLE A-6 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Hispanic Females Ages 25-44

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among Hispanic females ages 25–44. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

TABLE A-7 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Males Ages 45-54

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic White males ages 45–54. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

TABLE A-8 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic Black Males Ages 45-54

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic Black males ages 45–54. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

TABLE A-9 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Hispanic Males Ages 45-54

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among Hispanic males ages 45–54. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

TABLE A-10 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Females Ages 45-54

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic White females ages 45–54. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

TABLE A-11 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic Black Females Ages 45-54

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic Black females ages 45–54. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

TABLE A-12 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Hispanic Females Ages 45-54

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among Hispanic females ages 45–54. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

TABLE A-13 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Males Ages 55-64

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic White males ages 55–64. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

TABLE A-14 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic Black Males Ages 55-64

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic Black males ages 55–64. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

TABLE A-15 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Hispanic Males Ages 55-64

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among Hispanic males ages 55–64. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

TABLE A-16 Cause Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Females Ages 55-64

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic White females ages 55–64. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

TABLES A-17 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic Black Females Ages 55-64

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic Black females ages 55–64. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

TABLE A-18 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Hispanic Females Ages 55-64

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among Hispanic females ages 55–64. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

TABLE A-19 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Males Ages 25-64 Living in Large Central Metropolitan Areas

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among non-Hispanic White working-age males in large central metropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

TABLE A-20 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Males Ages 25-64 Living in Large Fringe Metropolitan Areas

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among non-Hispanic White working-age males in large fringe metropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.