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Radioactive Sources: Applications and Alternative Technologies (2021)

Chapter: Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Radioactive Sources: Applications and Alternative Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26121.
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Appendix A

Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff

Thomas K. Kroc, Ph.D. (Chair), is an applications physicist III at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab). He presented on electron beam and x-ray medical device sterilization to the Food and Drug Administration General Hospital and Personal Use Devices Panel of the Medical Devices Advisory Committee Meeting in November 2019. He organized two workshops on medical device sterilization to promote the use of electron beams and x-rays in 2019 and 2020. He was a member of the Non-Isotopic Alternative Technologies Working Group that released a white paper on non-isotopic alternative technologies in 2019. He was the lead author of the white paper Accelerator-Driven Medical Sterilization to Replace Co-60 Sources written for the National Nuclear Security Administration in 2017. He was a member of the organizing committee of a joint Department of Energy/National Cancer Institute Workshop on Ion Beam Therapy in January 2013. For 20 years he worked with the Neutron Therapy Facility at Fermilab, which provided external beam radiation therapy for cancer using fast neutrons. He assumed leadership of this program from 2008 until its closure in 2013. His interests include development of accelerator technologies, applications of accelerators and accelerator technologies, medical device sterilization, radiation–matter interactions, and medical physics. Dr. Kroc holds a Ph.D. in physics (1989) from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He earned his undergraduate degree in engineering physics (1981) from The Ohio State University.

Robert A. Bari, Ph.D., is a senior scientist emeritus at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. He has been involved in the design, safety, and security assessments of complex, high-technology facilities since he joined the applied programs at the laboratory in 1974. He has worked on projects and issues regarding nuclear safety, security, and nonproliferation technologies; nuclear waste management; and the development of advanced nuclear reactors and has directed numerous studies of advanced nuclear energy concepts. He has more than 150 publications and has lectured widely on these topics. Dr. Bari is the past international co-chair (2002–2017) of the working group that developed a comprehensive methodology for evaluation of proliferation resistance and physical protection of all new nuclear energy concepts being proposed within the multinational Generation IV International Forum. He received his Ph.D. in physics from Brandeis University and his B.S. in physics from Rutgers University. Dr. Bari has served as an adjunct faculty member and an advisor to several major universities in the field of nuclear technology as well as on the Board of Directors of the American Nuclear Society (ANS). He is the past president of the International Association for Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management and the past chair of the ANS Consensus Standards Committee for Probabilistic Risk Assessment. He is now a member-at-large of the

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Radioactive Sources: Applications and Alternative Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26121.
×

ANS Standards Board and a member of the Consensus Committee for Non-Reactor Nuclear Facility Standards. He was a member of the National Academies Committee on Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident for Improving Safety and Security of U.S. Nuclear Plants. For his achievements in nuclear safety, Dr. Bari was awarded the Theo J. “Tommy” Thompson Award in 2003 by ANS. In 2004, he received the Brookhaven National Laboratory Award for Outstanding Achievement in Science and Technology. Dr. Bari was awarded membership in the Phi Beta Kappa, Sigma Xi, and Sigma Pi Sigma honor societies and is an elected fellow of ANS and the American Physical Society.

Deborah W. Bruner (NAM), Ph.D., RN, FAAN, is the senior vice president for research at Emory University. Dr. Bruner is also a professor and the Robert W. Woodruff Chair in Nursing, a professor of radiation oncology, and a member of the Winship Cancer Institute. She is an internationally renowned researcher and clinical trialist with a focus on patient-reported outcomes, symptom management, and comparative effectiveness of radiotherapy modalities. Her global work includes currently leading a project to assist in preparing for opening the first modern radiotherapy in Ethiopia through 3D treatment planning and quality assurance. Dr. Bruner’s leadership, especially in the National Cancer Institute (NCI)-sponsored National Clinical Trials Network, transcends disciplines and has led to improved health and quality of life and decreased cost outcomes for those treated for cancer. She is a member of the National Academy of Medicine and has won numerous awards for research and mentorship. Dr. Bruner has been continuously funded since 1998 from sponsors including the American Cancer Society, the Department of Defense, the Oncology Nursing Society, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the National Institute of Nursing Research, NCI, and the National Institutes of Health. She received her doctorate in nursing research, with a focus on outcomes research, at the University of Pennsylvania.

Hubert K. Foy, M.S., is the founding director and a senior research scientist at the African Centre for Science and International Security, headquartered in Accra, Ghana. Also, Mr. Foy is a consultant on issues of nuclear and radiological security in Africa to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the Department of Energy. Additionally, Mr. Foy is an Editorial Board member and a Professional Review liaison for the International Journal of Nuclear Security. For a decade, Mr. Foy has published and spoken widely on nuclear nonproliferation and disarmament, nuclear and radiological security, space safety and security, and dual-use science and technology. The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists has published some of his analyses on nuclear security, for example, “Sustaining Progress in Nuclear Security Without the Summits—an African view.” Space Safety Magazine has published some of his articles, for example, “Building the World’s First Automated Space Debris Tracker.” In 2012, he was a nuclear security fellow at the International School on Nuclear Security in Trieste. In 2011, at the Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, he was a technical nonproliferation and disarmament fellow for the UK-Norway Initiative. He is a member of the Fissile Material Working Group and the vice-chair of Working Group III of the IAEA International Nuclear Security Education Network. He is a member of the Nuclear Threat Initiative Nuclear Security Index’s International Panel of Experts. He holds a master’s degree in space studies from the International Space University in France, a master’s degree in international policy studies from the Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey, and a B.S. in physics and computer science from the University of Buea in Cameroon.

Pamela J. Henderson, M.S., retired from the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (U.S. NRC) in March 2017 after 25 years of service. She joined the U.S. NRC in 1991 as a health physicist in the Region I office. She held a number of progressively more responsible positions in the regional office, including the branch chief in the Division of Nuclear Materials Safety and the branch chief in the Division of Reactor Safety. In November 2009, she completed the U.S. NRC Senior Executive Service Candidate Development Program and received certification of executive qualifications in March 2010. In July 2012, she moved to the U.S. NRC headquarters office and took the position of deputy director in the Division of Materials Safety and State Agreements in the Office of Federal and State Materials and Environmental Management Programs. Prior to her tenure at the U.S. NRC, she was the radiation safety officer at the University of California, Irvine, Medical Center for 9 years. She received a bachelor’s degree in 1976 in biology and environmental studies from Cedar Crest College (Allentown, Pennsylvania),

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Radioactive Sources: Applications and Alternative Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26121.
×

a second bachelor’s degree in 1979 in chemistry and nuclear medicine from Wagner College (Staten Island, New York), and a master’s degree in 1982 in health physics from the Georgia Institute of Technology (Atlanta).

Bonnie D. Jenkins, Ph.D., LL.M., M.P.A., J.D., is the founder and the executive director of Women of Color Advancing Peace, Security and Conflict Transformation and a nonresident senior fellow at the Brookings Institution. She is an adjunct professor at the Georgetown University School of Foreign Service and The George Washington University Elliott School of International Affairs. From June 2009 to January 2017 she served, with the rank of ambassador, as the coordinator for Threat Reduction Programs at the Department of State (DOS) where she was the U.S. representative to the G7 Global Partnership and the DOS lead to the Nuclear Security summits. Prior to her service at DOS, Dr. Jenkins was an officer at the Ford Foundation for U.S. Foreign and Security Policy, a counsel on the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States (9/11 Commission), and a counsel for the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency. She is a retired Naval Reserve Officer. She was also a fellow at the Belfer Center at the Harvard University John F. Kennedy School of Government. She holds a Ph.D. from the University of Virginia; an LL.M. from Georgetown University; an M.P.A. from the State University of New York at Albany; a J.D. from the Albany Law School; and a B.A. from Amherst College. Dr. Jenkins serves on the Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board of the National Academies.

P. Andrew Karam, Ph.D., has been working in various aspects of radiation safety since joining the U.S. Navy’s Nuclear Power Program in 1981. His work experience in this field is varied, including instructing naval students in reactor and propulsion plant operations, teaching at the Rochester Institute of Technology, managing the radiation safety program at the University of Rochester and Strong Memorial Hospital, helping to design and operate New York City’s (NYC’s) radiological and nuclear interdiction system, evaluating radiation safety and criticality safety programs at a uranium enrichment plant, and consulting and training for a wide variety of clients. Directly relevant to the aims of this study, Dr. Karam participated in a citywide audit of radioactive materials security in NYC, participated in an NYPD “red cell” exercise on radioactive materials security, and managed the security for several high-activity radioactive sources at the University of Rochester and Strong Memorial Hospital. Dr. Karam helped teach an Interpol course on cross-border smuggling of radioactive and nuclear materials. He has also coauthored a booklet on the practical aspects of radioactive materials security for the NYC Health Department and participated in three missions for the International Atomic Energy Agency that included assessments of radioactive materials security in the nations visited. He holds a Ph.D. in environmental sciences from The Ohio State University.

Linda A. Kroger, M.S., is an assistant clinical professor of radiology at the University of California (UC), Davis, School of Medicine and has served as the radiation safety officer for the UC Davis Health System for the past 18 years. Prior to her arrival at UC Davis, Ms. Kroger worked for private industry in biopharmacology research and drug development. She transitioned to cancer research when she joined UC Davis in 1988. From 1988 through 2000, her research focused on the development of new radiopharmaceuticals for both diagnostic imaging and treatment of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and breast cancer. Since assuming her role as the radiation safety officer in 2003, she has focused on regulatory compliance, quality assurance issues, and the education of medical students, residents, and fellows with the overall goal of improving workplace radiation safety. Ms. Kroger oversees the nonclinical aspects of nuclear medicine training for the radiology residency program at UC Davis. In addition, she has taken an interest in radiological emergency preparedness. Ms. Kroger has authored or co-authored more than 50 peer-reviewed journal articles and has presented at numerous scientific conferences. She is active in the Health Physics Society including serving as the president of the Medical Section as well as being an active participant on National Council for Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) committees since 2005, the co-author of two NCRP reports, and a member of the NCRP Council since 2016. Ms. Kroger received her bachelor’s degree and her master’s degree from Rutgers University and has been with UC Davis for 33 years.

Michael O. McWilliams, Ph.D., M.Sc., is a professor emeritus of geological and environmental science at Stanford University. He began his career at Stanford in 1977 as a postdoctoral scientist and joined the Stanford faculty in

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Radioactive Sources: Applications and Alternative Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26121.
×

1980. His research specialities are geophysics and geochemistry as applied to earth science, particularly global tectonics, earth resources, and isotope science. Apart from research leadership at Stanford, he has served in a variety of academic and government leadership and governance roles, including as the chief executive of GNS Science (New Zealand), the chief of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Division of Earth Science and Resource Engineering (Australia), and the director of the John DeLaeter Centre of Isotope Science. Most recently, Dr. McWilliams built CSIRO’s Deep Earth Imaging Future Science Platform, aimed at helping discover future minerals and energy and water resources using new geophysical methods, advanced data analytics, and mathematical techniques to provide better imagery of the subsurface from sparse, incomplete, and noisy data. Dr. McWilliams received a bachelor’s degree in physics from St. Lawrence University, an M.Sc. in geophysics from the University of Toronto, and a Ph.D. in geophysics from the Australian National University.

Cathleen (Kate) M. Roughan, M.S., was the team leader, Disused Sealed Radioactive Sources (DSRS) Management, Division of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), and was responsible for overseeing a team of professionals and assisting Member States of the IAEA with the safe, secure, and sustainable management of DSRS until her retirement in 2020. She has worked in preparing guidance documents, training courses, and expert missions and has developed and implemented tools and technology for supporting proper end-of-life management options of DSRS (reuse, recycle, removal, storage, disposal, and alternative technologies). Previously she was the director, Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance, for QSA Global, Inc., in Burlington, Massachusetts (1983–2013), where she implemented the worldwide regulatory compliance program for the manufacture of sealed sources and devices used in industrial radiography, gauges, and medical applications. This included obtaining and maintaining all necessary licenses and authorizations to manufacture, use, transport, and disposal of radioactive sources and devices under the umbrella of the safety, quality assurance, and security programs. Ms. Roughan received a B.S. in biology from Southeastern Massachusetts University in Dartmouth, Massachusetts, and an M.S. in radiological health from University of Lowell in Lowell, Massachusetts.

Stephen J. Wagner, Ph.D., M.S., was the senior director of the Transfusion Innovation Department of the American Red Cross Holland Laboratory for the Biomedical Sciences in Rockville, Maryland, until his retirement in 2020. Dr. Wagner received the Daymon Runyon-Walter Winchell Fellowship Grant from the National Cancer Institute and two National Tiffany Awards from the American Red Cross for outstanding technical achievement and management. Dr. Wagner has taught at Bowling Green State University and has been a member of the American Society for Microbiology, the American Society for Photobiology, the American Association of Blood Banks, the International Society for Blood Transfusion, and the American Society for Hematology. He served on the authoring committee of the 2008 National Academies consensus study report Radiation Source Use and Replacement. Dr. Wagner received his B.S. in chemistry from the University of Maryland, College Park, and his M.S. and Ph.D. in biophysics from The Pennsylvania State University.

David L. Weimer, Ph.D., M.P.P., M.A., is the Edwin E. Witte Professor of Political Economy at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. His research focuses broadly on policy craft and institutional design. Although most of his recent research has addressed issues in health policy, he has done policy-relevant research in the areas of energy security, natural resource policy, education, criminal justice, and research methods. In 2006, Dr. Weimer served as the president of the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management. In 2008, he was elected a fellow of the National Academy of Public Administration, and in 2013, he served as the president of the Society for Benefit-Cost Analysis. Dr. Weimer served on the authoring committee of the 2008 National Academies consensus study report Radiation Source Use and Replacement. He earned a B.S. in engineering and applied science from the University of Rochester. He holds an M.A. in statistics and an M.P.P. and a Ph.D. in public policy, all earned at the University of California, Berkeley.

John A. Williamson, M.S., is the administrator of the Florida Department of Health’s Bureau of Radiation Control’s Environmental Radiation Programs. He is a member of the Conference of Radiation Control Program Directors (CRCPD), serving as the chair of the Task Force on Inter-Organizational Activities and serving on the

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Radioactive Sources: Applications and Alternative Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26121.
×

Department of Homeland Security Nuclear Government Coordinating Council, representing CRCPD. He is also one of two Florida commissioners on the Southeast Low Level Radioactive Waste Compact, and currently serves as the chair of the Compact. Mr. Williamson serves as the Florida Governor’s authorized representative for notification of Part 71, Part 73, and Part 37 shipments of radioactive material.

His interests include the development of the Radiation Response Volunteer Corps, improved security of radioactive material shipments, and improvements in radiation emergency response.

He has been with the bureau since 1992. Mr. Williamson holds an M.S. in chemistry from the University of South Carolina (1989) and earned an undergraduate degree in chemistry from the University of Tampa in Tampa, Florida, in 1986.

STAFF

Ourania Kosti, Ph.D., M.Sc. (Study Director), is a senior program officer at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board (NRSB). Dr. Kosti’s interests within the NRSB focus on radiation health effects, and she is the principal investigator for the National Academies’ Radiation Effects Research Foundation Program that supports studies of the atomic bombing survivors in Japan. Prior to her current appointment, she was a postdoctoral fellow at the Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at Georgetown University Hospital, where she conducted research on biomarker development for early cancer detection using case-control epidemiological study designs. She focused primarily on prostate, breast, and liver cancers and trying to identify those individuals who are at high risk of developing malignancies. Dr. Kosti also trained at the National Cancer Institute (2005–2007). In 2019, Dr. Kosti, together with a group of world experts in radiation epidemiology and dosimetry, created the first international society of radiation epidemiology and dosimetry (ISoRED). She received a B.Sc. in biochemistry from the University of Surrey, United Kingdom, an M.Sc. in molecular medicine from the University College London, and a Ph.D. in molecular endocrinology from St. Bartholomew’s Hospital in London, United Kingdom.

Charles D. Ferguson, Ph.D., M.A., is the director of the Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board in the Division on Earth and Life Studies at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Previously, he was the president of the Federation of American Scientists (FAS). Prior to FAS, he worked as the Philip D. Reed Senior Fellow for Science and Technology at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), where he specialized in nuclear issues, and served as the project director for the Independent Task Force on U.S. Nuclear Weapons Policy chaired by William J. Perry and Brent Scowcroft. Before CFR, he was the scientist-in-residence at the Monterey Institute’s Center for Nonproliferation Studies, where he co-authored the book The Four Faces of Nuclear Terrorism (Routledge, 2005) and was the lead author of the January 2003 report Commercial Radioactive Sources: Surveying the Security Risks. For his work on security of radioactive sources, he was awarded the Robert S. Landauer Memorial Lecture Award from the Health Physics Society in 2003. He is also the author of Nuclear Energy: What Everyone Needs to Know (Oxford University Press, 2011). In addition, he has worked as a physical scientist in the Office of Nuclear Safety at the Department of State, and he has served as a nuclear engineering officer and a submarine officer in the U.S. Navy. He is an elected fellow of the American Physical Society in recognition of his service to public policy and public education on nuclear issues. Dr. Ferguson earned a B.S. in physics with distinction from the U.S. Naval Academy and an M.A. and a Ph.D. in physics from Boston University.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Radioactive Sources: Applications and Alternative Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26121.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Radioactive Sources: Applications and Alternative Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26121.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Radioactive Sources: Applications and Alternative Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26121.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Radioactive Sources: Applications and Alternative Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26121.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Radioactive Sources: Applications and Alternative Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26121.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Radioactive Sources: Applications and Alternative Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26121.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Radioactive Sources: Applications and Alternative Technologies. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26121.
×
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Radioactive Sources: Applications and Alternative Technologies assesses the status of medical, research, sterilization, and other commercial applications of radioactive sources and alternative (nonradioisotopic) technologies in the United States and internationally. Focusing on Category 1, 2, and 3 sources, this report reviews the current state of these sources by application and reviews the current state of existing technologies on the market or under development that are or could be used to replace radioisotopic technologies in those applications. Radioactive Sources will support existing and future activities under the National Nuclear Security Administration Office of Radiological Security program to reduce the use of high-risk radiological materials in commercial applications.

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