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8 The actual toolkit is a web-based resource to inform airport stakeholders about the capabilities of microgrids, complete with case studies and tools necessary for successful implementation. The design and the development were shaped through input from direct consultation with airport experts across the United States. From interviews, surveys, and in-person workshops, the research team identified essential areas for airports to better understand how microgrids work and con- siderations for implementation. The toolkit provides all the resources an airport needs to start the process, which often begins by issuing a Request for Proposal for a microgrid feasibility study. Airport users can upload their specific data and obtain microgrid information and recom- mendations from the Airport Microgrid Implementation Toolkitâs eight modules: Module 0, Microgrid Basics and Background contains general education and guidance on airport microgrids to offer a base level of understanding before launching into the tool. Module 1, Airport Profile includes airport energy supply and usage data as well as how air- port location and corresponding utility characteristics may influence microgrid project development. Module 2, Resilience helps identify âcriticalâ loads that must be kept running in the event of an outage, provides guidance to improve user understanding of energy vulnerability and preparedness for utility outages, and includes microgrid security considerations. Module 3, Stakeholder Engagement covers a range of stakeholders involved in microgrid development and provides educational materials and recommendations to conduct effec- tive stakeholder management. Module 4, Energy Options provides the benefits and trade-offsâsuch as cost, emissions, resil- ience, and siting considerationsâof different energy technologies that could be used in a microgrid. Module 5, Finance & Ownership helps identify airport power outage costs; explains a range of funding options, benefits, and trade-offs regarding energy project financing; and assesses the various microgrid ownership models and procurement methods. Module 6, Operations and Maintenance discusses microgrid operations and maintenance contracting strategies and identifies considerations for integrating microgrid or energy system operations with airport systems. Module 7, Master Module provides an overview of the microgrid design process and summa- rizes the results and outputs generated by working through the toolkit modules. Other Topics The toolkit provides resources in a number of additional areas including the following: 1. Environment and emissions. Each generation technology has a different emissions profile. Diesel generators reduce air quality with nitrogen oxides and particulate matter at the airport Toolkit Overview
Toolkit Overview 9 location. On-site solar and nearby wind generation produce no direct emissions. The toolkit provides a comparison of emissions impacts. 2. Cyber and physical security. Developing the capability to operate the airportâs electricity system independently from the grid can increase an airportâs resilience to both cyber and physical threats to energy disruption. However, any new system deployment also needs to consider robust strategies and necessary equipment or procedures to ensure that it is not introducing unintended weaknesses. The toolkit offers the following regarding cybersecurity: â Emerging cybersecurity best practices for a distributed, intelligent grid. â Policy and regulatory cybersecurity frameworks at the national and state level. â Recommendations regarding specific protective measures and protocols. Toolkit Direct Access Start using the toolkit now by going to https://acrpmicrogridtoolkit.xendee.com/.
