Practices for Bridge Approach Systems (2021)

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

91   References AASHTO Committee on Bridges and Structures. (2019). Manual for Bridge Element Inspection, second edition. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Washington, D.C. AASHTO Committee on Bridges and Structures. (2020). AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, ninth edition. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, D.C. Abu-Hejleh, N., D. Hanneman, D. J. White, T. Wang, and I. Ksouri. (2006). Flowfill and MSE Bridge Approaches: Performance, Cost, and Recommendations for Improvements. No. CDOT-DTD-R-2006-2. Colorado Depart- ment of Transportation, Denver. Adams, M., and J. Nicks. (2018). Design and Construction Guidelines for Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Abutments and Integrated Bridge Systems. No. FHWA-HRT-17-080. Federal Highway Administration. Adams, M., J. Nicks, T. Stabile, W. Schlatter, and J. Hartmann. (2012). Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Integrated Bridge System, Interim Implementation Guide. No. FHWA-HRT-11-026. Federal Highway Administration. Arsoy, S., R. M. Barker, and J. M. Duncan. (1999). The Behavior of Integral Abutment Bridges, Final Report. FHWA/VTRC00-CR3, Virginia Transportation Research Council. Berg, R. R., B. R. Christopher, and N. C. Samtani. (2009). Design and Construction of Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls and Reinforced Soil Slopes—Volume I. NHI Courses No. 132042 and 132043. No. FHWA- NHI-10-024/FHWA GEC 011-Vol. I, Federal Highway Administration. Briaud, J.-L., R. W. James, and S. B. Hoffman. (1997). NCHRP Synthesis 234: Settlement of Bridge Approaches (The Bump at the End of the Bridge). TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C. Caltrans. (2017). “Memo to Designers 20-15: Lateral Spreading Analysis for New and Existing Bridges.” California Department of Transportation, Sacramento. Dunker, K. F., and D. Liu. (2007). Foundations for Integral Abutments. Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction, Vol. 12, No. 1, American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), pp. 22–30. ElBatanouny, M. K., K. A. Hawkins, N. S. Rende, and P. D. Krauss. (2018). Performance Evaluation of Recent Improvements of Bridge Abutments and Approach Backfill. Iowa DOT Final Report TR-736, Ames. FHWA (1995). Recording and Coding Guide for the Structure Inventory and Appraisal of the Nation’s Bridges. No. FHWA-PD-96-001. FHWA, U.S. Department of Transportation, Office of Engineering Bridge Division. Gao, L. (2017). Comprehensive Design Example for Prestressed Concrete (PSC) Girder Superstructure Bridge Design Step 7 Design of Substructure. Federal Highway Administration, Bridges & Structures. https://www. fhwa.dot.gov/bridge/lrfd/pscus71.cfm. Accessed May 21, 2020. Henderson, B., J. Dickes, G. Cimini, and C. Olmedo. (2016). FHWA LTPP Guidelines for Measuring Bridge Approach Transitions Using Inertial Profilers. No. FHWA-HRT-16-072. Federal Highway Administration, McLean, VA. Hoppe, E., K. Weakley, and P. Thompson. (2016). Jointless Bridge Design at the Virginia Department of Transportation. Transportation Research Procedia, Vol. 14, pp. 3943–3952. Hoppe, E. J., and J. P. Gomez. (1996). Field Study of an Integral Backfill Bridge. VTRC97-R7, Virginia Transporta- tion Research Council, Charlottesville. Horvath, J. S. (2000). Integral Abutment Bridges: Problem and Innovative Solutions Using EPS Geofoam and Other Geosynthetics. Manhattan College Research Report No. CE/GE-00-2. Bronx, NY. Indiana DOT. (2013a). Chapter 402, Structure Size and Type. In 2013 Design Manual. Indiana Department of Transportation, Indianapolis, https://www.in.gov/indot/design_manual/. Indiana DOT. (2013b). Chapter 404, Bridge Deck. In 2013 Design Manual. Indiana Department of Transporta- tion, Indianapolis. https://www.in.gov/indot/design_manual/. Indiana DOT. (2013c). Chapter 409, Abutment, Bent, Pier, and Bearing. In 2013 Design Manual. Indiana Department of Transportation, Indianapolis, https://www.in.gov/indot/design_manual/.

92 Practices for Bridge Approach Systems Lenke, L. R. (2006). Settlement Issues—Bridge Approach Slabs (Final Report Phase I). NM04MNT-02m Research Bureau, New Mexico Department of Transportation, Albuquerque. Luna, R., J. L. Robinson, and A. J. Wilding. (2004). Evaluation of Bridge Approach Slabs, Performance and Design. Report RDT 04-010. Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri–Rolla. Ng, K. W., S. Y. Yasrobi, and T. V. Edgar. (2014). Investigation of Approach Slab and Its Settlement for Roads and Bridges. No. FHWA-WY-15/01F. Wyoming Department of Transportation, Cheyenne. Phares, B., D. White, J. Bigelow, M. Berns, and J. Zha. (2011). Identification and Evaluation of Pavement-Bridge Interface Ride Quality Improvement and Corrective Strategies. FHWA/OH-2011/1. Institute for Transporta- tion, Iowa State University, Ames. Seo, J., H. Ha, and J. L. Briaud. (2002). Investigation of Settlement at Bridge Approach Slab Expansion Joint: Numerical Simulations and Model Tests. Report FHWA/TX-03/0-4147-2. Texas Department of Trans- portation, Austin. Smith, K. D., and P. Ram (2016). Measuring and Specifying Pavement Smoothness. (TechBrief). No. FHWA- HIF-16-032. Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C. Turan, A., T. Sangiuliano, M. S. Alam, and M. H. El Naggar. (2013). Lateral Movements of a Bridge Abutment Due to Compressible Foundation Soils. International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering. 83. Chicago, IL. Vennapusa, P. K. R., L. Keltner, and D. J. White. (2015). Permeability Performance and Lateral Load for Granular Backfill Behind Abutments. No. 092-14-03. Wisconsin Department of Transportation, Madison, WI. Wahls, H. E. (1990). NCHRP Synthesis 159: Design and Construction of Bridge Approaches. TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C. White, D., S. Sritharan, M. Suleiman, M. Mekkawy, and S. Chetlur. (2005). Identification of the Best Practices for Design, Construction, and Repair of Bridge Approaches. CTRE Project 02-118, Iowa Highway Research Board, Iowa Department of Transportation, Ames. Yen, W.-H. P., G. Chen, I. Buckle, T. Allen, D. Alzamora, J. Ger, and J. G. Arias. (2011). Post-Earthquake Reconnaissance Report on Transportation Infrastructure: Impact of the February 27, 2010, Offshore Maule Earthquake in Chile. No. FHWA-HRT-11-030. Federal Highway Administration, McLean, VA. Youd, T. L. (1993). Liquefaction-Induced Damage to Bridges. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 1411, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., pp. 35–41. Zornberg, J. G., and B. R. Christopher. (2007). Geosynthetics. In The Handbook of Groundwater Engineering, second edition (J. W. Delleur, ed.). CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL.