Appendix D
Additional Resources
Worst Case Discharge/Wellhead Modeling
Bureau of Ocean Energy Management. Regulatory Analysis. Webpage. https://www.boem.gov/oil-gas-energy/resource-evaluation/regulatory-analysis.
Society of Petroleum Engineers. 2015. Calculation of Worst-Case Discharge (WCD). SPE Technical Report Rev. 1.
Teles, F. B. X., P. J. Waltrich, I. Gupta, R. Hughes, M. S. Capovilla, and F. A. V. Cordoba. 2018. Development and Improvement of Flow Models Applied to Multiphase Flows in Large-Diameter Pipes and High-Velocity Flows. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, US Department of the Interior M17PX00030.
Waltrich, P. J., M. S. Capovilla, W. Lee, P. C. de Sousa, M. Zulqarnain, R. Hughes, M. Tyagi, W. Williams, S. Kam, A. Archer, J. Singh, H. Nguyen, J. Duhon, and C. Griffith. 2019. Experimental Evaluation of Wellbore Flow Models Applied to Worst-Case-Discharge Calculations for Oil Wells. SPE Drill & Compl 34 (03):315–333. doi: https://doi.org/10.2118/184444-PA.
Droplet and Spray Behavior
Sirignano, W. A. 2012. Fluid Dynamics and Transport of Droplets and Sprays: Second Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Particulate Emissions
Kwon, H., S. Shabnam, A.C.T. van Duin, and Y. Xuan. 2020. Numerical simulations of yield-based sooting tendencies of aromatic fuels using ReaxFF molecular dynamics. Fuel 262:116545.
Lautenbergera, C. W., J. L.de Risb, N. A. Dembseya, J. R. Barnetta, andH. R. Baumc. 2005. A simplified model for soot formation and oxidation in CFD simulation of non-premixed hydrocarbon flames. Fire Safety Journal 40 (2):141-176.
Rangwala, A. S. and X. Shi. 2016. Burning Behavior of Oil in Ice Cavities: Final Report. Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement, US Department of the Interior E14PC00010.
Water and Crude Oil
Erua, E. 2015. Impact of Water Content in Hydrocarbons using Consequence Modelling. IChemE Symposium Series 160.
Crude Oil Properties and Surrogates
Hollebone, B. 2015. The oil properties data appendix. Pp. 577-681 in Handbook of Oil Spill Science and Technology, M. Fingas, ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons Inc.
Urban, D.L., S.P. Huey, and F.L. Dryer. 1992. Evaluation of the coke formation potential of residual fuel oils. Symposium (International) on Combustion 24 (1):1357-1364.
Won, S.H., S.J. Lim, S. Nates, A.K. Alwahaibi, F.L. Dryer, F. Farid, and M. Hase. 2021. Combustion characteristics of crude oils for gas turbine applications by DCN measurements and NMR spectroscopy. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 38 (4):5463-5473.