Practice and Performance of Cold In-Place Recycling and Cold Central Plant Recycling (2021)

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115   AASHTO. Standard Specifications for Transportation Materials and Methods of Sampling and Testing. Washington, D.C., 2019. https://digital.transportation.org/MyStore/WebPublication/4453. Accessed Jan. 10, 2020. Alghamdi, H. A. Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP) Based Evaluation of Sustainable Low Volume Rehabilitation Techniques. MS thesis. Russ College of Engineering and Technology of Ohio University, Aug. 2016. https:// www.acppubs.com/articles/8320-virginia-dot-widens-i-64-to-aid-commuters. Accessed Nov. 2019. Arambula-Mercado, E., S. J. Chavarro-Munoz, S. Hu, J. Epps, E. S. Park, and A. Epps-Martin. High Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) Asphalt Mixes for Low Volume Roads. Final Report BE194. Texas A&M Transpor- tation Institute, Nov. 2018. Asphalt Recycling and Reclaiming Association (ARRA). Recommended Mix Design Guidelines for Cold Recycling Using Emulsified Asphalt Recycling Agents, CR 201. Annapolis, Md., April 7, 2016. Asphalt Recycling and Reclaiming Association (ARRA). Recommended Mix Design Guidelines for Cold Recycling Using Foamed (Expanded) Recycling Agent, CR 202. Annapolis, Md., Aug. 25, 2017. ASTM. ASTM Volume 04.03 Road and Paving Materials; Vehicle-Pavement Systems. ASTM International, Conshohocken, PA, March 31, 2021. ASTM. ASTM D6951/D6951M Standard Test Method for Use of the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer in Shallow Pavement Application. ASTM Volume 04.03 Road and Paving Materials; Vehicle-Pavement Systems. https:// www.astm.org/Standards/D6951.htm. Accessed Dec. 29, 2019. Batista, F., J. Valentin, Z. Cizkova, T. Valentova, D. Simnofske, K., Mollenhauer, A. Tabakovic, C. McNally, and M. Engels. Report on Available Test and Mix Design Procedures for Cold-Recycled Bitumen Stabilised Materials, Characterization of Advanced Cold Recycling Bitumen Stabilized Pavement Solutions, Deliverable D1.1. Conference of European Directors of Roads, Brussels, Belgium, July 31, 2014. Bazrafshan Moghadam, B., and H. Farhad Mollashahi. Suggesting a Simple Design Method for Cold Recycled Asphalt Mixes with Asphalt Emulsion. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, Vol. 23, No. 7, June 2017, pp. 966–967. https://doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2017.1343200. Accessed Dec. 2, 2019. Betti, G., G. Airey, K. Jenkins, A. Marradi, and G. Tebaldi. Active Fillers’ Effect on In Situ Performances of Foam Bitumen Recycled Mixtures. Road Materials and Pavement Design, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2017, pp. 281–296. Bhavsar, J. Comparing Cold In-Place Recycling (CIR) and Cold In-Place Recycling with Expanded Asphalt Mix- ture (CIREAM). MS thesis. University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2015. https://uwspace.uwaterloo.ca/ bitstream/handle/10012/9634/Bhavsar_Janki.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y. Accessed Jan. 15, 2020. Black, K. Cold In-Place Recycling: A Cost-Effective Pavement Preservation Treatment. Presented at 2013 Transportation Short Course, Texas Department of Transportation, Oct. 15, 2013. https://static.tti.tamu.edu/ conferences/tsc13/presentations/materials-1/black.pdf. Accessed Jan. 10, 2020. Bowers, B. F., D. E. Allain, and B. K. Diefenderfer. A Review of Agency Pavement Recycling Construction Speci- fications. Prepared for 2020 Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2020. Brown, D. CIR a Hit in L.A. Better Roads, July 8, 2013. https://www.equipmentworld.com/cir-a-hit-in-l-a/. Accessed Oct. 26, 2019. Buczynski, P., and M. Iwanski. Complex Modulus Change Within the Linear Viscoelastic Region of the Mineral- Cement Mixture with Foamed Bitumen. Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 172, 2018, pp. 52–62. https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/construction-and-building-materials/vol/172/suppl/C. Accessed Jan. 15, 2020. Bugni, C. Cold Recycling in Montana. Surfacing Design Unit Report. Montana Department of Transportation, Aug. 2015. Burnham, T. R. Application of the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer to the Minnesota Department of Transpor- tation Pavement Assessment Procedures. Office of Minnesota Road Research Report MN/RC-97/19. References

116 Practice and Performance of Cold In-Place Recycling and Cold Central Plant Recycling Minnesota Department of Transportation, May 1997. https://ntlrepository.blob.core.windows.net/ lib/20000/20200/20242/PB98118359.pdf. Accessed Nov. 30, 2019. Busch, A. Cold In-Place (CIR) Recycling in Nevada. Presented at National Pavement Preservation Conference, Nashville, Tenn., 2012. http://pavementvideo.s3.amazonaws.com/2012_Pavement_National/PDF/Wed%20 345%20-%20T1%20-%203%20-%20Cold-In-Place%20Recycling%20in%20Nevada%20-%20Anita%20 Bush.pdf. Accessed Nov. 1, 2019. California Department of Transportation (Caltrans). Special Provisions Section 903-1: Cold In-Place Recycled Asphalt Concrete Pavement. March 1, 2016. Campos, J. Influence of Time and Temperature of Supplemental Compaction on the Performance of Cold Recycled Pavements. Presented at Semi-Annual ARRA Conference, Monterey, Calif., 2019. Carter, A., N. Bueche, and D. Perraton. Laboratory Characterization of CIR and FDR Materials. Presented at 3rd Specialty Conference on Material Engineering & Applied Mechanics, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 2013. https://csce.ca/elf/apps/CONFERENCEVIEWER/conferences/2013/pdfs/mechanics/106.pdf. Accessed Jan. 10, 2020. Carvajal, M. E. Evaluation of Cracking Behavior of Cold In-Place Recycling Asphalt Mixtures. MS thesis. Uni- versity of Nevada, Reno, 2018. Chan, S., B. Lane, C. Raymond, W. Lee, and T. Kazmierowski. Five Year Performance of Cold In-Place Recycling and Cold In-Place Recycling with Expanded Asphalt Mix on Highway 7, Perth, Ontario. Presented at 2009 Annual Conference of the Transportation Association of Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, 2009. Chastain, T. Best Practices for Milling and Cold Planing. Wirtgen America, Antioch, Tenn., 2019. https:// www.rmaces.org/docs/tomchastain.pdf. Accessed Oct. 26, 2019. Chen, D. Evaluation of Long-Term Performance of Cold In-Place Recycled Asphalt Roads. PhD dissertation. Iowa State University, Ames, 2006. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/1498. Accessed Jan. 10, 2020. Christianson, T., and A. Mahoney. Cold In-Place Recycling Using an Emulsion Binder. Presented at NDLTAP 2019 North Dakota Conference, Bismarck, 2019. https://www.ndltap.org/events/asphalt/. Accessed Dec. 1, 2019. Cleaver, L. Dunn Performs Urban CIR in Illinois. For Construction Pros, Nov. 25, 2013 [Online]. Available: https:// www.forconstructionpros.com/pavement-maintenance/preservation-maintenance/article/11248246/ dunn-performs-urban-cold-inplace-recycling-in-illinois. Accessed Oct. 28, 2019. Cosenza, N., and Z. Robinson. Cold Central Plant—A View into Our Future. Presented at Semi-Annual ARRA Conference, Monterey, Calif., 2019. Cox, B. C., and I. L. Howard. Cold In-Place Recycling and Full Depth Reclamation Literature Review. White Paper No. CMRC WP 13-1. Mississippi State University Construction Materials Research Center, July 2013. https://www.cee.msstate.edu/downloads/(2013)CoxandHoward-CMRCWP13-1-LitReviewofCIRandFDR. pdf. Accessed Nov. 16, 2019. Cox, B. C., and I. L. Howard. Cold In-Place Recycling Characterization Framework and Design Guidance for Single or Multiple Component Binder System. Report No. FHWA/MS-DOT-RD-15-250 Volume 2. Mississippi State University, Dec. 18, 2015. https://www.cee.msstate.edu/publications/2015_FHWA_MS_DOT_RD_ 15_250_Vol_2_CIR.pdf. Accessed Nov. 25, 2019. Cross, S. A. Cold In-Place Recycling (CIR) Study. Report No. FHWA-CFL/TD-0x-00x. FHWA Central Federal Lands Highway Division, Lakewood, Colo., Sept. 7, 2012. Cross, S. A. Project Selection for In-Place Recycling and CRAB. Presented at 54th Annual Idaho Asphalt Confer- ence, Moscow, Idaho, 2014. Cross, S. A. Specification Resources for In-Place Recycling. Presented at SHRP 2 Implementation Task Force Meeting, Feb. 24, 2015. http://shrp2.transportation.org/documents/presentations/9_Cross_SHRP2R07 Vermont.pdf. Accessed Jan. 10, 2020. Cross, S. A. Cold In-Place and Cold Central Plant Recycling. Presented at Midwest Pavement Preservation Partner ship Meeting, Madison, Wis., Nov. 6–8, 2018. Cross, S. A., J. A. Epps, T. Parker, J. Goldbaum, M. O’Leary, D. Johnson, and L. Gallivan. In-Place Pavement Recycling: Gaps, Barriers, and a Path Forward. Presented at 2014 International and Western States In-Place Recycling Conference, Denver, Colo., 2014. Cross, S. A., R. Kearney, H. G. Justus, and W. H. Chesner. Cold In-Place Recycling in New York. Report No. C-06-21. New York State Energy Research and Development Authority and New York State Department of Transportation, Albany, July 2010. https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/ trans-r-and-d-repository/C-06-21%20Final%20Report%20-%20July%202010.pdf. Accessed Nov. 25, 2019. Davich, P., F. Camargo, B. Larsen, R. Roberson, and J. Siekmeier. Validation of DCP and LWD Moisture Specifica- tions for Granular Materials. Office of Materials Report No. MN/RC-2006-20. Minnesota Department of Transportation, Maplewood, July 2006. Diefenderfer, B. In-Place Pavement Recycling: VDOT Experiences and Expectations. Presented at 2016 SCAPA Winter Meeting, Columbia, S.C., 2016.

References 117   Diefenderfer, B. K., and A. K. Apeagyei. I-81 In-Place Pavement Recycling Program. Report No. FHWA/VCTIR 15-R1. Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research, Charlottesville, Va., Aug. 2014. http:// www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/15-r1.pdf. Accessed Jan 20, 2020. Diefenderfer, B. K., D. Jones, A. J. T. Hand, B. F. Bowers, and G. Flintsch. Phase I Interim Report. NCHRP Project No. 09-62, “Rapid Tests and Specifications for Construction of Asphalt-Treated Cold Recycled Pavements,” Dec. 2017. Du, S. Performance Characteristics of Cold Recycled Mixture with Asphalt Emulsion and Chemical Addi- tives. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2015. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/amse/ 2015/271596/. Accessed Jan. 13, 2020. Emerson, J. Utilization of Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP). 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Micromechanics of the Effects of Mixing Moisture on Foamed Asphalt Mix Properties. ASCE Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, Vol. 22, No. 10, 2010, pp. 985–995. Gandi, A., F. BenSalem, S. Bressi, A. Carter, and N. Bueche. Double Coating of Full Depth Reclamation Materials. E & E Congress 2016, 6th Eurasphalt & Eurobitume Congress, Prague, Czech Republic, June 1–3, 2016. https://www.h-a-d.hr/pubfile.php?id=1035. Accessed Jan. 5, 2020. Gallegos, J. Cold In-Place Recycling in New Mexico. Asphalt Magazine, Oct. 19, 2019. https:\\asphaltmagazine. com/cir-new-mexico. Accessed Feb. 25, 2020. Graziani, A., C. Mignini, E. Bocci, and M. Bocci. Complex Modulus of Cold Recycled Mixtures: Measurements and Modeling. Presented at International Society of Asphalt Pavement Conference, Fortaleza, Brazil, June 2018. http://icongresso.ikone.itarget.com.br/arquivos/trabalhos_completos/ikone/3/281_27102017_ 113907.pdf. Accessed Jan. 10, 2020. Gu, F., W. Ma, R. C. West, A. J. Taylor, and Y. Zhang. 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118 Practice and Performance of Cold In-Place Recycling and Cold Central Plant Recycling Kandhal, P. S., and R. B. Mallick. Chapter 12. Cold-Mix Asphalt Recycling—Central Plant (Construction Methods and Equipment). In Pavement Recycling Guidelines for State and Local Governments, Participant’s Reference Book. Publication No. FHWA-SA-98-042. FHWA, U.S. Department of Transportation, 1997. https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/pavement/recycling/98042/12.cfm. Accessed Oct. 26, 2019. Kandhal, P. S., and R. B. Mallick. Chapter 13. Cold In-Place Recycling (Construction Methods and Equipment). In Pavement Recycling Guidelines for State and Local Governments, Participant’s Reference Book. Publica- tion No. FHWA-SA-98-042. FHWA, U.S. Department of Transportation, 1997. https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ pavement/recycling/98042/13.cfm. Accessed Oct. 26, 2019. Kazmi, S. Effect of Cold Central Plant Recycled Stockpiling on Mixture Performance. MS thesis. University of Virginia, Charlottesville, 2018. Kergaye, C. Cold In-Place Recycling of Asphalt Pavements: 2017 High Value Research Projects. Presented at Utah Department of Transportation, July 2017. Khosravifar, S. Design and Mechanical Properties of Foamed Asphalt Stabilized Base Material. MS thesis. Univer- sity of Maryland, College Park, 2012. King, A., and D. Matthews. Smoothness in CA and in ARRA Processes. Presented at Semi-Annual ARRA Con- ference, Monterey, Calif., 2019. Lee, H. D., and J. J. Kim. Evaluation of Long-Term Field Performance of Cold In-Place Recycled Roads: Field Distress Survey. Report No. IHRB Project TR-502. Public Policy Center, Department of Civil and Envi- ronmental Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 2007. Lombardo, J. Recycling Efforts Save Virginia Over $15M on I-64 Rebuild. For Construction Pros, June 4, 2018. https://www.forconstructionpros.com/asphalt/article/21003538/recycling-efforts-save-virginia-dot-over- 15m-on-i64-rebuild. Accessed Nov. 25, 2019. Ma, T., H. Wang, Y. Zhao, X. Huang, and Y. Pi. Strength Mechanism and Influence Factors for Cold Recycled Asphalt Mixture. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. 2015, Article ID 181853, 2015. https:// www.hindawi.com/journals/amse/2015/181853/. Accessed Jan. 20, 2020. Ma, W. Design and Characterization of Cold Recycled Foamed Asphalt Mixtures with High RAP Contents. PhD dissertation. Auburn University, 2018. Martin Asphalt. Everything Asphalt-Central Plant Recycling. Brochure. July 29, 2016. http://www.MartinAsphalt. com. Accessed Dec. 19, 2019. Matthews, D., B. J. Diefenderfer, and D. Timm. Cold Central Plant Recycling: A Proven Paving Approach Using 100% Recycled Materials. Presentation for TRB Webinar, AFD60, Design of Flexible Pavements Committee, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., n.d. McCarty, N. F. Cold Recycling Within ADOT: Lessons Learned and Future Implementation. Presented at Arizona State University Conference, Nov. 15, 2017. https://pavement.engineering.asu.edu/wp-content/ uploads/2017/12/1-Cold-Recycling-ASU-PM-Conference-11-15-17.pdf. Accessed Oct. 15, 2019. Minnesota DOT. MnDOT Grading and Base Manual. Geotechnical Section, Grading and Base Unit, Aug. 23, 2017. http://www.dot.state.mn.us/materials/manuals/GBase/2017gbmanual11032017.pdf. Accessed April 20, 2020. Moors, D. Evolution of Oil: Where Did the Cutbacks Go? Presented at North Dakota Asphalt Conference, Bismarck, 2019. https://www.ndltap.org/events/asphalt/downloads/2019-evolution-of-oil.pdf. Accessed Nov. 19, 2019. Nair, H. VDOT Experiences with Pavement Recycling. Presented at Virginia Transportation Construction Alliance Conference, Oct. 2, 2018. https://www.vtca.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/BO6_Nair_ Pavement-Recycling.pdf. Accessed Nov. 28, 2019. Nemati, R. Evaluation of Structural Contribution of Asphalt Mixtures Through Improved Performance Indices. PhD dissertation. University of New Hampshire, Durham, 2019. https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/2460. Accessed Nov. 27, 2019. Ortiz, J. A. C. Cold In-Place Recycling Mix Design, In-Place Density, and Long-Term Performance in Nevada. MS thesis. University of Nevada, Reno, 2017. Patenaude, D. RoadResource.org: A Day in the Life of a Super User. Presented at Semi-Annual ARRA Confer- ence, Monterey, Calif., 2019. Paving News. Solid Performance: Milling Machine Productivity Exceeds Expectations. Paving News, Issue 1, 2017, pp. 4–6. https://www.louisianacat.com/content/uploads/2016/03/Paving-News-PNV8N1.pdf. Accessed Oct. 26, 2019. Saidi, A. Laboratory Evaluation of Cold In-Place Recycling Asphalt Mixtures Using A Balanced Mix Design Approach. MS thesis. Rowan University, 2019. https://rdw.rowan.edu/etd/2723. Accessed Jan. 15, 2020. Sauceda, N. Pavement Preservation in the City of Los Angeles. Bureau of Street Services, 2008. https://prnc.org/ presentations/2008-Pavement.pdf. Accessed Nov. 20, 2019. Schellhammer, D. Cold In-Place Recycling. Presented at Semi-Annual ARRA Conference, Monterey, Calif., 2019.

References 119   Schwartz, C. W., B. K. Diefenderfer, and B. F. Bowers. NCHRP Research Report 863: Material Properties of Cold In-Place Recycled and Full-Depth Reclamation Asphalt Concrete. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2017. Sebaaly, P. E., J. A. Castro, F. Ayala, M. Carvajal, and E. Y. Hajj. Development of Mix Design and Structural Design Procedures for Cold In-Place Recycling. Research Report No. P643-15-803. Pavement Engineering and Science Program, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, 2018. Skinner, R. H. User Guide to the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer. Minnesota Department of Transportation, MnROAD, Maplewood, n.d. http://www.dot.state.mn.us/materials/researchdocs/User_Guide.pdf. Accessed Nov. 30, 2019. Soohyok, I., S. Sebesta, and R. Younho. Methods of Rehabilitating Pavements with Moisture Damaged Asphalt Layers: Technical Report. Research Report FHWA/TX-18/0-0626-R1. Texas A&M Transportation Institute, 2018. Stahl, M. Cold Central Plant Recycling. Presented at 82nd Annual Meeting of the Illinois Asphalt Pavement Association, March 11, 2019. Stimilli, A., G. Ferrotti, A. Graziani, and F. Canestrari. Performance Evaluation of Cold Recycled Mixture Containing High Percentage of Reclaimed Asphalt. EATA 2013, pp. 1–14. https://andreagrazianidotnet. files.wordpress.com/2014/09/eata2013.pdf. Accessed Jan. 15, 2020. Stroup-Gardiner, M. NCHRP Synthesis of Highway Practice 421: Recycling and Reclamation of Asphalt Pavements Using In-Place Methods. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2011. http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=14568. Accessed March 20, 2020. Suleiman, N. Developing Balanced Mix Design Gyrations (NDesign) for North Dakota’s HMA Pavements. Pre- sented at North Dakota Asphalt Conference, Bismarck, 2019. https://www.ndltap.org/events/asphalt/ downloads/2019-balanced-mix-design-gyrations.pdf. Accessed Nov. 19, 2019. Tompkins, D. Cold Central Plant Recycling (CCPR): Update 2019. Presented at National Road Research Alliance (NRRA) 2019 Pavement Workshop, May 21–23, 2019. Utah DOT. Guidelines for Evaluation, Mix Design, and Field Acceptance of Cold Recycling of Asphalt Pave- ments Using Solventless Emulsions. UDOT Materials Manual, Part 8-965.01, 2017. VanFrank, K. Cold In-Place Recycle Phase III, Supplemental Field Protocol: Short Term Field Stability. Report No. UT-15.08. Utah Department of Transportation, Salt Lake City, 2015. VanFrank, K., M. VanMilligen, and T. Biel. Cold In-Place Recycle Phase III: Mix Design. Report No. UT-14.08. Utah Department of Transportation, Salt Lake City, 2014. VanFrank, K., M. VanMilligen, and T. Biel. Cold In-Place Recycling Using Solventless Emulsion—Phase IV (Emulsion Qualification and Long-Term Field Performance). Report No. UT-16.04. Utah Department of Transportation, Salt Lake City, 2016. Vitillo, N. DARWIN-ME Pavement Analysis and Design Manual for NJDOT: Book 3—Materials Inputs. CAIT Pave- ment Resource Program, Rutgers University, Piscataway, N.J., 2012. https://www.state.nj.us/transportation/ eng/pavement/pdf/Material_Inputs.pdf. Accessed Jan. 15, 2020. Voth, M. Use, Experience, and Performance of In-Place Recycling. Presented at Semi-Annual ARRA Conference, Monterey, Calif., 2019. Wagner, C. Overview of Project Selection Guidelines for Cold In-Place and Cold Central Plant Pavement Recycling. Tech Brief, FHWA-HIF-17-042. Office of Asset Management, Pavements, and Construction, FHWA, U.S. Department of Transportation, 2018. https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/pavement/asphalt/pubs/hif17042.pdf. Accessed Jan 10, 2020. Wegman, D. E., and S. Mohammadreza. Optimizing Cold In-Place Recycling (CIR) Applications Through Fracture Energy Performance Testing. Report No. MN/RC 2016-21. Local Road Research Board, Minnesota Depart- ment of Transportation, 2016. Wegman, D., and M. Sabouri. Evaluating Effective Asphalt Content in CIR Mixtures. Report No. MN/RC 2019-43. Local Road Research Board, Minnesota Department of Transportation, 2019. http://www.dot.state.mn.us/ research/reports/2019/201943.pdf. Accessed Jan. 22, 2020. Wielinski, J. Introduction to Cold Central Plant Recycling. Presented at Purdue Road School 2017: Session 130, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind., 2017. Wirtgen Group. Wirtgen Cold Recycling Manual, 2nd ed. Windhagen, Germany, 2004. https://www.yumpu.com/ en/document/read/33315918/wirtgen-cold-recycling-manual-resansil. Accessed Jan. 18, 2020. Woods, A. M. Evaluation of Curing Criteria for Cold In-Place Recycling of Asphalt. MS thesis. University of Iowa, Iowa City, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3014. Accessed Jan. 15, 2020. Yang, Y., Y. Yang, and B. Qian. Performance and Microstructure of Cold Recycled Mixes Using Asphalt Emulsion with Different Contents of Cement. MDPI Materials, Vol. 12, No. 16, 2019, 2548. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC6720606/pdf/materials-12-02548.pdf. Accessed Dec. 15, 2019.

120 Practice and Performance of Cold In-Place Recycling and Cold Central Plant Recycling Yeung, E. A. Exploring Compaction Effects on Cold In-Place Recycling Mixtures Using Emulsified Asphalt. PhD dissertation. University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 2017. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1959. Accessed Jan. 15, 2020. Younes, T. An Experimental Study to Investigate the Effect on Tensile Strength and Dynamic Modulus of the Addition of Portland Cement to Cold In-Place Recycled Asphalt Using Indirect Tensile and Dynamic Modulus Tests. Presented at 2019 TAS-ITS Canada Joint Conference, Innovations in Pavement Manage- ment, Engineering and Technologies Session, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, 2019. https://www.tac-atc.ca/ sites/default/files/conf_papers/tyounes-effect_on_tensile_strength.pdf. Accessed Jan. 7, 2020. Zagoudis, J. Natural Preservation: Los Angeles County Uses Cold In-Place Recycling to Repair National Forest Highway. Roads and Bridges, Feb. 2013, pp. 22–24. https://www.pavementrecycling.com/wp-content/ uploads/2017/08/lacaf_highway0213.pdf. Accessed Oct. 26, 2019.