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WIC Nutrition Risk Criteria: A Scientific Assessment (1996)

Chapter: Index of Risk Criteria

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Suggested Citation:"Index of Risk Criteria." Institute of Medicine. 1996. WIC Nutrition Risk Criteria: A Scientific Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5071.
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Page 373
Suggested Citation:"Index of Risk Criteria." Institute of Medicine. 1996. WIC Nutrition Risk Criteria: A Scientific Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5071.
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Page 374
Suggested Citation:"Index of Risk Criteria." Institute of Medicine. 1996. WIC Nutrition Risk Criteria: A Scientific Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5071.
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Page 375
Suggested Citation:"Index of Risk Criteria." Institute of Medicine. 1996. WIC Nutrition Risk Criteria: A Scientific Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5071.
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Page 376
Suggested Citation:"Index of Risk Criteria." Institute of Medicine. 1996. WIC Nutrition Risk Criteria: A Scientific Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5071.
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Page 377

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INDEX OF RISK CRITERIA 373 Index of Risk Criteria This index identifies the first page of text for each risk criterion reviewed by the committee. For the table that summarizes all the commit- tee's recommendations for the use of risk criteria, see Chapter 8, page 338. A B Abnormal postpartum weight change, 96 Battering, 317 Abuse or neglect, child, 319 Biochemical and Other Medical Risk Cri- Age older than35 years, pregnancy, 197 teria, 149 Age, pregnancy at young, 195 Birth or congenital defect, history of birth AIDS and HIV infections, 185 with, 207 Alcohol and illegal drug use, 226 Birth weight, history of low, 206 Allergies, food, 192 Birth weight, low, 97 Anemia, 154 Birth with congenital or birth defect, his- Anthropometric Risk Criteria, 67 tory of, 207 Asthma, 192 Bottle, inappropriate use of, 265 Bottles, lack of sanitation in preparation of nursing, 261 Breastfeeding as sole source of nutrients, infrequent, 261 Bronchitis, 183 Burns, major surgery or trauma, and severe acute infections, 188

INDEX OF RISK CRITERIA 374 C Dietary Guidelines, failure to meet, 253 Caffeine intake, excessive, 269 Dietary Risk Criteria, 251 Cancer, 175 Diets, highly restrictive, 260 Cardiorespiratory disorders, 190 Diets, vegan, 259 Celiac disease, 192 Diets, vegetarian, 259 Central nervous system disorders, 177 Disease, renal, 174 Child abuse or neglect, 319 Diseases, nutrient deficiency, 159 Child of a mentally retarded parent, 323 Disorders, gastrointestinal, 166 Child of a young caregiver, 321 Disorders, genetic and congenital, 179 Children and/or infants, conditions spe- Disorders, thyroid, 170 cific to, 215 Drug and alcohol use, 226 Chronic hypertension, 172 Drug-nutrient interactions, 218 Chronic or recurrent infections, 183 Closely spaced pregnancies, 197 E Conditions related to the intake of specific Early introduction of solid foods, 261 foods, 192 Eclampsia and preeclampsia, 213 Conditions specific to infants and/or chil- Education or illiteracy, low level of mater- dren, 215 nal, 311 Conditions specific to pregnancy, 195 Essential nutrients, feeding other foods Congenital and genetic disorders, 179 low in, 261 Congenital or birth defect, history of birth Excessive caffeine intake, 269 with, 207 Cow milk feeding during 1st 12 months, 261 F Criteria related to nutrient deficiencies, 154 Failure to meet Dietary Guidelines, 253 Failure to thrive, 159 D Feeding cow milk during 1st 12 months, 261 Deficiency diseases, nutrient, 159 Feeding other foods low in essential nutri- Delivery, history of postterm, 206 ents, 261 Delivery, history of preterm, 204 Feeding, inappropriate infant, 261 Depression, maternal, 314 Fetal growth restriction, 211 Diabetes mellitus, 169 Food allergies, 192 Diabetes, gestational, 169 Food insecurity, 279 Diet, inadequate, 272

INDEX OF RISK CRITERIA 375 Food intolerances, other, 194 Illiteracy or education, low level of mater- Foods, conditions related to the intake of nal, 311 specific, 192 Improper dilution of formula, 261 Foods, early introduction of solid, 261 Inadequate diet, 272 Formula, improper dilution of, 261 Inappropriate infant feeding, 261 Inappropriate use of nursing bottle, 265 G Inborn errors of metabolism, 181 Gastrointestinal disorders, 166 Infant feeding, inappropriate, 261 Genetic and congenital disorders, 179 Infants and/or children, conditions spe- Gestation, multifetal, 210 cific to, 215 Gestational age, large for, 117 Infections, chronic or recurrent, 183 Gestational age, small for, 100 Infections, HIV and AIDS, 185 Gestational diabetes, 169 Infections, severe acute; major surgery or Gestational weight gain, high, 84 trauma; and burns, 188 Growth restriction, fetal, 211 Infections, upper respiratory, 183 Growth, slow, 123 Infections, urinary tract, 183 Infrequent breastfeeding as sole source of H nutrients, 261 Head circumference, low, 114 Insecurity, food, 279 High gestational weight gain, 84 Intake of specific foods, conditions related High parity, 200 to, 192 Highly restrictive diets, 260 Intolerance, lactose, 194 History of birth with congenital or birth Intolerances, other food, 194 defect, 207 Iron after 4-6 months, no dependable History of low birth weight, 206 source, 261 History of neonatal loss, 207 History of postterm delivery, 206 L History of preterm delivery, 204 Lack of prenatal care, 208 HIV infection and AIDS, 185 Lack of sanitation in preparation of nurs- Homelessness, 297 ing bottles, 261 Hypertension, chronic, 172 Lactose intolerance, 194 Hypoglycemia, 217 Large for gestational age, 117 Lead poisoning, 229 I Low birth weight, 97 Illegal drug and alcohol use, 226

INDEX OF RISK CRITERIA 376 Low birth weight, history of, 206 Nutrient deficiencies, criteria related to, Low head circumference, 114 154 Low level of maternal education or illiter- Nutrient deficiency diseases, 159 acy, 311 Nutrient-drug interactions, 218 Low maternal weight gain, 73 Nutrients, feeding other foods low in Lupus erythematosus, 190 essential, 261 Nutrition Risk Criteria, Predisposing, 295 M Major surgery, trauma, burns, or severe O acute infections, 188 Other food intolerance, 194 Maternal depression, 314 Other medical conditions (juvenile Maternal education or illiteracy, low level rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythe- of, 311 matosus, and cardiorespiratory disor- Maternal short stature, 87 ders), 190 Maternal smoking, 220 Otitis media, 183 Maternal weight loss during pregnancy, 79 Overweight, 118 Medical conditions (Juvenile rheumatoid Overweight, postpartum, 92 arthritis, lupus erythematosus, and Overweight, prepregnancy, 80 cardiorespiratory disorders), 190 Mentally retarded parent, child of, 323 P Metabolism, inborn errors of, 181 Parity, high, 200 Migrancy, 304 Passive smoking, 309 Multifetal gestation, 210 Pica, 270 Placental abnormalities, 214 N Poisoning, lead, 229 Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, Postterm delivery, history of, 206 166 Postpartum overweight, 92 Neglect or abuse, child, 319 Postpartum underweight, 89 Neonatal loss, history of, 207 Postpartum weight change, abnormal, 96 Nervous system disorders, central, 177 Potentially toxic substances, 218 No dependable source of iron after 4-6 Predisposing Nutrition Risk Criteria, 295 months, 261 Preeclampsia and eclampsia, 213 Nursing bottle, inappropriate use of, 265 Pregnancies, closely spaced, 197 Nursing bottles, lack of sanitation in preparation, 261

INDEX OF RISK CRITERIA 377 Pregnancy age older than 35 years, 197 Vomiting and nausea during pregnancy, Pregnancy at a young age, 195 166 Pregnancy, conditions specific to, 195 Pregnancy, maternal weight loss during, 79 W Pregnancy, nausea and vomiting during, Weight change, abnormal postpartum, 96 166 Weight gain, high gestational, 84 Prematurity, 215 Weight gain, low maternal, 73 Prenatal care, lack of, 208 Weight loss during pregnancy, maternal, 79 Prepregnancy overweight, 80 Weight, low birth, 97 Prepregnancy underweight, 70 Preterm delivery, history of, 204 Y Pyloric stenosis, 179 Young caregiver, child of, 321 R Renal disease, 174 Restrictive diets, 260 Rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile, 190 Risk Criteria, Anthropometric, 67 Risk Criteria, Biochemical and Other Med- ical, 149 Risk Criteria, Dietary, 251 Risk Criteria, Predisposing Nutrition, 295 S Short stature, 104 Slow growth, 123 Small for gestational age, 100 Smoking, maternal, 220 Smoking, passive, 309 Solid foods, early introduction of, 261 Stature, maternal short, 87 Stature, short, 104 Surgery, trauma, burns, or severe acute infections, 188 T Thrive, failure to, 159 Thyroid disorders, 170 Toxic substances, 218 Trauma, major surgery, burns, or severe acute infections, 188 U Underweight, 110 Underweight, postpartum, 89 Underweight, prepregnancy, 70 Upper respiratory infections, 183 Urinary tract infections, 183 V Vegan diets, 259 Vegetarian diets, 259

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This book reviews the scientific basis for nutrition risk criteria used to establish eligibility for participation in the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). The volume also examines the specific segments of the WIC population at risk for each criterion, identifies gaps in the scientific knowledge base, formulates recommendations regarding appropriate criteria, and where applicable, recommends values for determining who is at risk for each criterion. Recommendations for program action and research are made to strengthen the validity of nutrition risk criteria used in the WIC program.

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