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Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride (1997)

Chapter: Appendix D 1994 CSFII Adjusted Data for Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D 1994 CSFII Adjusted Data for Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×

D

1994 CSFII Adjusted Data for Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium

Table D-1, Table D-2 through Table D-3 are the 1994 CSFII data adjusted for day-to-day variation (Nusser et al., 1996) for calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D 1994 CSFII Adjusted Data for Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×
This page in the original is blank.
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D 1994 CSFII Adjusted Data for Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×

TABLE D-1 Daily Calcium Intake (mg): Mean, standard error of the mean, selected percentiles, and associated standard errors for usual intake

     

Percentile

Sex/Age Category

n

Mean

1st

5th

10th

25th

50th

75th

90th

95th

99th

0-6 mo

69

460.6

110

191

245

343

457

569

674

745

898

SE

33.3

36.3

43.5

44.9

43.7

36.3

35.1

38.8

43.3

66.5

7-12 mo

45

725.8

243

351

418

544

703

883

1062

1177

1410

SE

78.6

58.9

61.6

63.7

69.4

79.7

95.6

117.0

135.0

179.0

1-3 y

702

792.5

287

399

468

599

766

957

1151

1276

1533

SE

16.8

14.4

13.8

13.7

14.5

17.1

22.0

28.7

34.0

47.1

4-8 y

666

838.1

339

455

524

649

808

993

1190

1325

1618

SE

25.0

21.4

21.3

21.4

22.2

24.7

29.2

36.7

43

58.9

M 9-13 y

180

1025

358

499

587

756

980

1245

1520

1702

2084

SE

50.2

28.4

33.4

36.7

42.9

50.7

60.2

72.7

83.5

113.0

M 14-18 y

191

1169

409

554

647

834

1094

1422

1785

2039

2601

SE

55.7

24.3

25.0

26.9

34.2

49.3

73.0

104.0

128.0

188.0

M 19-30 y

328

1013

355

484

566

729

954

1232

1536

1746

2206

SE

35.4

21.2

24.2

26

29.3

34.3

43.9

62.1

79.4

128

M 31-50 y

627

912.6

313

429

503

651

857

1112

1393

1588

2015

SE

32.0

15.8

21.7

24.4

27.3

31.4

40.4

51.7

63.8

127.0

M 51-70 y

490

747.7

265

362

424

545

708

908

1122

1268

1581

SE

26.1

18.3

19.1

19.8

21.6

25.3

31.9

41.6

49.7

71.1

M >70 y

237

729.2

267

368

430

548

702

880

1064

1185

1434

SE

30.5

17.9

22.8

25.3

28.0

31.2

37.1

42.7

48.4

80.8

F 9-13 y

200

918.5

361

486

562

705

889

1100

1313

1452

1737

SE

40.4

28.7

31.7

35.7

37.3

41.9

55.4

60.9

69.5

163.0

F 14-18 y

169

752.9

246

348

413

541

713

922

1144

1293

1611

SE

38.7

28.9

32.9

35.1

38.8

42.3

45.3

50.1

56.3

79.8

F 19-30 y

302

647.2

214

300

355

464

612

792

985

1116

1397

SE

46.3

19.0

24.4

28.0

35.2

44.9

56.6

69.2

77.9

97.2

F 31-50 y

590

636.8

209

297

353

461

606

779

961

1082

1337

SE

15.4

10.5

13.7

14.4

12.7

13.8

23.2

32.0

40.1

83.2

F 51-70 y

510

599.4

215

294

344

441

571

727

891

1001

1234

SE

16.6

10.7

11.2

11.6

12.7

15.5

21.5

30.7

38.1

56.7

F >70 y

221

535.7

204

277

322

407

517

644

774

860

1037

SE

22.6

13.8

13.9

14.7

17.1

22.0

29.3

37.2

42.6

57.3

8 y and under

1482

800.3

257

382

457

595

767

969

1183

1330

1652

SE

17.3

19.6

18.4

17.7

17.3

17.8

19.8

24.4

29.1

43.4

M 9+ y

2053

924.5

312

431

507

658

865

1126

1416

1620

2077

SE

19.3

11.3

14.4

15.9

16.3

19.0

25.8

32.4

49.6

150

F 9+ y

1992

657.4

228

316

372

480

625

800

985

1109

1372

SE

9.9

9.4

9.6

9.5

9.5

9.8

11.8

16.2

20.2

30.7

F Pregnanta

33

1168

481

656

758

939

1154

1382

1596

1729

1986

SE

90.4

86.7

80.8

78.3

77.9

87.3

112.0

150.0

180.0

248.0

F Lactatinga

16

1053

619

794

875

982

1050

1120

1233

1324

1519

SE

330.3

427

492

513.0

460.0

304.0

214.0

237.0

313.0

547.0

All Indiv (+P/L)

5576

796.5

239

349

418

555

742

977

1241

1429

1855

SE

10.8

7.5

7.9

8.2

9.1

10.8

13.5

17.4

21.1

33.7

NOTE: n represents the actual unweighted sample size in each group. Estimates were obtained using C-SIDE v1.0 (C-SIDE courtesy of Iowa State University Statistical Laboratory). Standard errors (SE) were estimated via jacknife replication. Each standard error has 43 d.f.

a These estimates are less reliable due to extremely small sample size.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D 1994 CSFII Adjusted Data for Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×
This page in the original is blank.
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D 1994 CSFII Adjusted Data for Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×

TABLE D-2 Daily Phosphorus Intake (mg): Mean, standard error of the mean, selected percentiles, and associated standard errors for usual intake

     

Percentile

Sex/Age Category

n

Mean

1st

5th

10th

25th

50th

75th

90th

95th

99th

0-6 mo

69

325

72

131

171

244

322

399

479

532

642

SE

 

26.2

37.3

38.8

36.9

38.0

31.5

27.2

32.5

42.0

83.1

7-12 mo

45

642

212

302

358

467

612

784

965

1086

1338

SE

 

70.9

45.1

47.0

49.7

57.6

71.2

88.8

109.0

124.0

159.0

1-3 y

702

943.9

416

552

629

764

926

1104

1280

1396

1635

SE

 

13.1

18.2

15.0

13.8

12.9

13.6

16.9

22.1

26.2

36.7

4-8 y

666

1088

537

677

755

892

1059

1250

1455

1596

1910

SE

 

23.7

21.8

18.1

17.6

18.3

21.4

28.5

40.1

49.8

75.0

M 9-13 y

180

1407

589

771

882

1090

1359

1672

1993

2203

2640

SE

 

54.3

50.3

48.5

48.1

49.3

53.9

62.8

76.4

88.1

119.0

M 14-18 y

191

1642

767

956

1072

1292

1582

1927

2290

2534

3053

SE

 

61.8

46.8

46.4

47.3

51.5

60.7

75.6

96.3

113.0

157.0

M 19-30 y

328

1659

809

1002

1119

1336

1613

1932

2258

2472

2917

SE

 

51.9

38.3

39.9

42.0

46.8

51.3

64.1

83.7

101.0

159.0

M 31-50 y

627

1530

705

907

1022

1229

1484

1780

2094

2312

2791

SE

 

36.7

32.0

34.5

34.3

32.8

36.3

45.2

65.5

86.1

144.0

M 51-70 y

490

1307

604

769

866

1047

1274

1531

1789

1956

2295

SE

 

39.5

30.4

31.0

32.1

35.2

40.0

46.2

53.9

60.1

76.7

M >70 y

237

1191

559

721

814

979

1176

1386

1587

1712

1957

SE

 

30.3

37.0

34.7

33.8

32.8

32.5

33.7

38.1

43.0

57.4

F 9-13 y

200

1203

606

768

856

1005

1178

1372

1579

1725

2052

SE

 

44.1

44.9

43.7

44.0

44.4

45.3

49.3

57.1

64.5

88.6

F 14-18 y

169

1128

484

632

722

888

1097

1335

1573

1727

2040

SE

 

45.1

47.7

61.9

67.6

62.3

47.8

57.1

65.9

61.2

101.0

F 19-30 y

302

1031

433

580

665

818

1005

1215

1429

1571

1871

SE

 

63.1

29.1

31.9

35.4

50.1

70.7

78.2

81.2

87.6

123.0

F 31-50 y

590

1014

448

593

674

818

990

1183

1382

1516

1802

SE

 

20.1

22.2

21.1

20.2

18.4

18.5

24.5

36.2

46.0

70.8

F 51-70 y

510

986.5

468

599

674

806

966

1144

1325

1444

1693

SE

 

20.4

20.7

19.8

20.1

19.6

20.1

25.9

33.4

38.5

55.3

F >70 y

221

874.3

406

521

588

710

859

1022

1181

1282

1482

SE

 

27.7

26.9

26.0

25.9

26.3

28.3

32.2

38.1

42.9

55.2

8 y and under

1482

982.4

313

483

581

750

953

1181

1419

1582

1935

SE

 

15.8

22.2

20.3

18.5

14.3

15.6

18.8

27.8

36.2

57.4

M 9+ y

2053

1495

684

874

985

1189

1445

1745

2063

2282

2761

SE

 

24.2

17.8

18.3

19.0

20.7

23.8

28.7

36.2

43.2

64.3

F 9+ y

1992

1024

485

620

697

834

1001

1188

1381

1510

1783

SE

 

13.0

15.1

12.8

11.8

10.8

12.1

16.1

22.5

28.4

46.6

F Pregnanta

33

1572

773

1012

1137

1348

1581

1804

1996

2108

2314

SE

 

292.6

294.0

327.0

345.0

356.0

348.0

308.0

232.0

182.0

245.0

F Lactatinga

16

1496

1113

1211

1266

1365

1483

1613

1741

1822

1985

SE

 

309.1

313.0

348.0

369.0

362.0

283.0

254.0

311.0

374.0

548.0

All Indiv (+P/L)

5576

1222

445

620

724

915

1164

1463

1790

2020

2544

SE

 

12.9

9.6

8.0

8.8

10.2

12.1

16.6

22.3

27.2

43.6

NOTE: n represents the actual unweighted sample size in each group. Estimates were obtained using C-SIDE v1.0 (C-SIDE courtesy of Iowa State University Statistical Laboratory). Standard errors (SE) were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 43 d.f.

a These estimates are less reliable due to extremely small sample size.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D 1994 CSFII Adjusted Data for Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×
This page in the original is blank.
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D 1994 CSFII Adjusted Data for Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×

TABLE D-3 Daily Magnesium Intake (mg): Mean, standard error of the mean, selected percentiles, and associated standard errors for usual intake

 

Percentile

Sex/Age Category

n

Mean

1st

5th

10th

25th

50th

75th

90th

95th

99th

0-6 mo

69

57.8

12

21

27

39

55

73

93

105

131

SE

 

5.9

4.7

5.2

5.3

5.2

5.4

7.6

12.5

17.2

30

7-12 mo

45

112.7

46

61

70

86

109

134

161

179

216

SE

 

10.4

6.7

6.9

7.3

8.7

10.8

13.1

15.5

17.4

22.1

1-3 y

702

183.4

80

106

121

148

180

215

250

274

323

SE

 

2.6

3.3

3.0

2.9

2.7

2.6

3.2

4.6

5.9

9.4

4-8 y

666

211.5

102

128

143

171

205

245

287

315

377

SE

 

4

4.0

3.2

2.9

2.9

3.8

5.3

7.3

8.9

12.9

M 9-13 y

180

271

106

140

161

203

258

325

397

445

548

SE

 

12.0

9.5

9.8

10.1

10.7

11.9

14.6

19.2

23.5

35.1

M 14-18 y

191

315.6

132

168

191

236

298

376

462

522

656

SE

 

12.0

6.7

7.4

8.1

9.6

11.8

14.9

19.9

24.5

38.0

M 19-30 y

328

343.1

144

185

211

261

328

408

495

553

679

SE

 

13.1

7.1

7.9

8.8

10.8

13.4

16.1

19.3

22.4

32.2

M 31-50 y

627

341.2

149

194

220

268

329

401

477

529

645

SE

 

8.6

8.0

7.0

7.7

9.2

8.6

12.1

15.3

18.3

31.5

M 51-70 y

490

304.9

130

169

193

238

295

362

429

474

566

SE

 

8.4

6.3

6.6

6.9

7.3

8.2

10

12.5

14.6

21.3

M >70 y

237

282.1

123

160

182

223

275

333

392

429

507

SE

 

7.5

6.1

6.3

6.4

6.9

7.8

9.2

11.6

13.9

20.0

F 9-13 y

200

229.5

111

142

159

188

223

263

307

339

412

SE

 

7.8

8.6

8.4

8.4

8.3

8.3

8.8

10.5

12.2

18.0

F 14-18 y

169

224.5

90

123

142

175

217

266

318

352

423

SE

 

9.0

9.4

10.5

10.0

9.4

10.6

11.2

11.6

12.1

19.7

F 19-30 y

302

210.6

89

118

135

166

205

250

293

322

379

SE

 

8.8

6.0

6.3

6.6

7.4

8.7

10.7

13.3

15.2

19.8

F 31-50 y

590

236.1

100

133

152

187

229

278

329

363

437

SE

 

4.5

5.5

5.5

6.0

4.9

4.0

7.4

9.7

11.9

28.8

F 51-70 y

510

238.5

110

141

159

191

231

277

327

362

438

SE

 

6.5

5.3

4.7

4.6

4.8

6.0

8.2

10.8

12.6

16.6

F >70 y

221

209.4

89

118

136

167

206

248

288

314

365

SE

 

6.7

6.9

6.5

6.4

6.3

6.7

8.0

10.5

12.7

18.5

8 y and under

1482

190.3

59

91

110

144

184

230

278

310

379

SE

 

2.7

4.2

3.5

3.1

2.5

2.5

3.5

5.1

6.3

9.7

M 9+ y

2053

323.6

135

177

202

249

310

384

462

516

634

SE

 

5.5

4.4

4.5

4.7

5.0

5.5

6.4

8.0

9.7

15.2

F 9+ y

1992

228.1

104

134

152

184

222

266

311

342

407

SE

 

2.7

3.0

2.5

2.3

2.2

2.5

3.5

4.9

6.1

9.5

F Pregnanta

33

292.5

144

187

210

249

292

336

375

399

444

SE

 

23.4

28.8

26.1

25.5

23.5

24.3

30.7

31.6

30.6

40.0

F Lactatinga

16

316.8

218

244

259

285

315

347

377

396

433

SE

 

58.1

37.5

43.7

47.3

53.5

59.7

64.9

69.3

72.3

79.5

All Indiv (+P/L)

5576

263.9

90

128

151

193

248

318

396

452

578

SE

 

3.0

1.6

1.5

1.6

2.0

2.9

4.0

5.4

6.7

10.7

NOTE: n represents the actual unweighted sample size in each group. Estimates were obtained using C-SIDE v1.0 (C-SIDE courtesy of Iowa State University Statistical Laboratory). Standard errors (SE) were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 43 d.f.

a These estimates are less reliable due to extremely small sample size.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D 1994 CSFII Adjusted Data for Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×
Page 387
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D 1994 CSFII Adjusted Data for Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×
Page 388
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D 1994 CSFII Adjusted Data for Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×
Page 389
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D 1994 CSFII Adjusted Data for Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×
Page 390
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D 1994 CSFII Adjusted Data for Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
×
Page 391
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D 1994 CSFII Adjusted Data for Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
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Page 392
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D 1994 CSFII Adjusted Data for Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium." Institute of Medicine. 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/5776.
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Page 393
Next: Appendix E Model for Estimating Calcium Intake for Desirable Calcium Retention »
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Since 1941, Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) has been recognized as the most authoritative source of information on nutrient levels for healthy people. Since publication of the 10th edition in 1989, there has been rising awareness of the impact of nutrition on chronic disease. In light of new research findings and a growing public focus on nutrition and health, the expert panel responsible for formulation RDAs reviewed and expanded its approach—the result: Dietary Reference Intakes.

This new series of references greatly extends the scope and application of previous nutrient guidelines. For each nutrient the book presents what is known about how the nutrient functions in the human body, what the best method is to determine its requirements, which factors (caffeine or exercise, for example) may affect how it works, and how the nutrient may be related to chronic disease.

The first volume of Dietary Reference Intakes includes calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride. The second book in the series presents information about thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin, and choline.

Based on analysis of nutrient metabolism in humans and data on intakes in the U.S. population, the committee recommends intakes for each age group—from the first days of life through childhood, sexual maturity, midlife, and the later years. Recommendations for pregnancy and lactation also are made, and the book identifies when intake of a nutrient may be too much. Representing a new paradigm for the nutrition community, Dietary Reference Intakes encompasses:

  • Estimated Average Requirements (EARs). These are used to set Recommended Dietary Allowances.
  • Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs). Intakes that meet the RDA are likely to meet the nutrient requirement of nearly all individuals in a life-stage and gender group.
  • Adequate Intakes (AIs). These are used instead of RDAs when an EAR cannot be calculated. Both the RDA and the AI may be used as goals for individual intake.
  • Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs). Intakes below the UL are unlikely to pose risks of adverse health effects in healthy people.

This new framework encompasses both essential nutrients and other food components thought to pay a role in health, such as dietary fiber. It incorporates functional endpoints and examines the relationship between dose and response in determining adequacy and the hazards of excess intake for each nutrient.

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