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APPENDIXES
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APPENDIX A
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
ACE |
Aerosol Characterization Experiment |
ACE-1 |
(Southern Hemisphere Marine) Aerosol Characterization Experiment |
ACRIM |
Active Cavity Radiometer Irradiance Monitor |
ADEOS |
Advanced Earth Observing System |
AF |
Air Force |
AMIP |
Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project |
AMS |
American Meteorological Society |
AOML |
Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory |
AOT |
aerosol optical thickness |
ARM |
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (Program) |
ASOS |
Automated Surface Observation System |
AVHRR |
Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (satellite instrument) |
AWIPS |
Automated Weather Interactive Processing System |
BASC |
Board on Atmospheric Science and Climate |
CAAA-90 |
Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 |
CAAI |
Committee on Atmospheric Applications and Information |
CAPE |
convective available potential energy |
CAPS |
Center for the Analysis and Prediction of Storms |
CASH |
Commercial Aviation Sensing Humidity (Program) |
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CASR |
Committee on Atmospheric Services and Research |
CBL |
convective boundary layer |
CCM |
Community Climate Model |
CCN |
cloud condensation nuclei |
CDNC |
cloud droplet number concentration |
CEDAR |
Coupling, Energetics, and Dynamics of Atmospheric Regions |
CEES |
Committee on Earth and Environmental Sciences |
CENR |
Committee on Environment and Natural Resources |
CERN |
Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire |
CFC |
chlorofluorocarbon |
CLIVAR |
Climate Variability and Prediction Program |
CME |
coronal mass ejection |
COARE |
Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA) |
COMET |
Cooperative Program for Operational Meteorology, Education, and Training |
CSSP |
Committee on Solar and Space Physics |
CSTR |
Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Research |
Dec-Cen |
climate variability on decade-to-century time scales (WCRP) |
DIAL |
differential absorption lidar |
DMS |
dimethyl sulfide |
DOC |
U.S. Department of Commerce |
DOD |
U.S. Department of Defense |
DOE |
U.S. Department of Energy |
DOI |
U.S. Department of the Interior |
DU |
Dobson unit |
EMEP |
Cooperative Programme for the Monitoring and Evaluation of Long Range Air Pollutants in Europe |
ENSO |
El Niño/Southern Oscillation |
EOS |
Earth Observing System |
EPA |
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency |
ERBE |
Earth Radiation Budget Experiment |
ERS-1 |
European Remote Sensing Satellite |
EUV |
extreme ultraviolet |
FAA |
Federal Aviation Administration |
FCCSET |
Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering, and Technology |
FY |
Fiscal Year |
GCM |
general circulation model |
GCOS |
global climate observing system |
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GDP |
Gross Domestic Product |
GEM |
Geospace Environment Modeling |
GEWEX |
Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment |
GISS |
Goddard Institute for Space Studies |
GLOBE |
Global Learning and Observing to Benefit the Environment |
GOALS |
Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System |
GOES |
Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite |
GONG |
Global Oscillation Network Group |
GPS |
global positioning system |
GTS |
global telecommunication system |
HCFC |
hydrochlorofluorocarbon |
HF |
high frequency |
HIS |
high-resolution interferometer sounder |
ICAS |
Interdepartmental Committee for Atmospheric Sciences |
IGAC |
International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (project) |
IMF |
interplanetary magnetic field |
IN |
ice nucleus |
IOM |
Institute of Medicine |
IPCC |
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |
IS |
incoherent scatter |
ISCCP |
International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project |
JMA |
Japan Meteorological Agency |
KPNO |
Kitt Peak National Observatory |
LAWS |
Laser Atmospheric Wind Sounder |
LEARN |
Laboratory Experience in Atmospheric Research at NCAR |
LES |
large eddy simulation |
LTER |
Long-Term Ecological Research |
MBA |
masters of business administration |
MCS |
mesoscale convective system |
MF |
medium frequency |
MPP |
massively parallel processor |
MRF |
Medium-Range Forecasting |
MST |
mesosphere-stratosphere-troposphere |
MUF |
maximum usable frequency |
NAAQS |
National Ambient Air Quality Standard |
NAE |
National Academy of Engineering |
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NARSTO |
North American Research Strategy on Troposphere Ozone |
NAS |
National Academy of Sciences |
NASA |
National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
NCAR |
National Center for Atmospheric Research |
NCEP |
National Centers for Environmental Prediction |
NCLAN |
National Crop Loss Assessment Network |
NCTM |
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics |
NDSC |
Network for Detection of Stratospheric Change |
NESDIS |
National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service |
NEXRAD |
Next Generation Weather Radar |
NHC |
nonmethane hydrocarbon |
NIMBUS |
series of experimental environmental research satellites |
NMC |
National Meteorological Center |
NOAA |
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |
NRC |
National Research Council |
NSF |
National Science Foundation |
NSTC |
National Science and Technology Council |
NSWP |
National Space Weather Program |
NWP |
numerical weather prediction |
NWS |
National Weather Service |
OFCM |
Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorology |
ONR |
Office of Naval Research |
OSSE |
observing system simulation experiment |
OSTP |
Office of Science and Technology Policy |
PCB |
polychlorinated biphenyl |
PM |
particulate matter |
PSC |
polar stratospheric cloud |
QBO |
quasi-biennial oscillation |
RASS |
radioacoustic sounding system |
RISE |
Radiative Inputs of the Sun to Earth |
SAGE |
Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment |
SAR |
Subcommittee on Atmospheric Research |
SBUV |
Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet Spectrometer |
SEASAT |
sea satellite (U.S. oceanographic satellite) |
SEP |
solar energetic particle |
SGS |
subgrid scale |
SMM |
Solar Maximum Mission |
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SOHO |
Solar and Heliospheric Observatory |
SSM/I |
Special Sensor Microwave/Imager |
SST |
sea surface temperature |
SSTA |
sea surface temperature anomoly |
STE |
stratosphere-troposphere exchange |
SUNRISE |
Sun's Radiative Inputs from Sun to Earth Program |
TAO |
Tropical Atmosphere Ocean (array) (TOGA) |
TOGA |
Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere (program) |
TOMS |
Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer |
TRMM |
Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission |
UARS |
Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite |
UAV |
unmanned aerospace vehicle |
UCAR |
University Corporation for Atmospheric Research |
UK |
United Kingdom |
UN |
United Nations |
USDA |
U.S. Department of Agriculture |
USGCRP |
U.S. Global Change Research Program |
USWRP |
U.S. Weather Research Program |
UV |
ultraviolet |
VLF |
very low frequency |
VOC |
volatile organic compound |
WCRP |
World Climate Research Programme |
WFO |
Weather Forecast Office |
WMO |
World Meteorological Organization |
WOCE |
World Ocean Circulation Experiment |
WSR-88D |
Weather Service Radar (U.S. National Weather Service) 1988 Doppler Weather Radar System |
WWW |
World Weather Watch (U.N.) |
WWW |
World Wide Web |
XBT |
expendable bathythermograph |
YMP |
CRAY supercomputer model |