Index
A
Academic research, see University research
Accidents, industrial, 85, 92, 93, 117–118, 129–130
Acid Deposition Monitoring and Evaluation Program, 175
Agricultural sector, 24
biotechnology, 26
chemicals, 87
acid deposition, 175
automobiles, 15, 16, 152, 153, 156
Clean Air Act, 120–121, 137(n.16), 152
historical perspectives, 1, 2, 15
public access to information, 175, 177
supply-chain factors, 128
Air Resources Board, 156
Allenby, Braden, 5, 15–43, 211
American Foundrymen’s Society, 156
American National Standards Institute, 176
Art on the Internet, 193
Attitudes
chemical industry, public opinion, 81
distrust of technology, 75
supply-chain design, public relations, 120–121
AT&T, 27
Automobile industry, 5, 15–19, 123
air pollution and emission control, 15, 16, 152, 153, 156
collaborative efforts, 151–158
historical perspectives, 1, 2, 15–16, 151–154
international collaboration, 151–152
B
Best practice technology, 11, 62, 69, 70, 89, 106, 118, 120, 133, 134, 196
Biotechnology, 26
Browner, Carol, 177
Browsers, Internet, 9, 18, 72, 145, 163, 171, 198, 200
C
Carbon monoxide
Carnot project, see InfoSleuth™
Chemicals sector
accidents, industrial, 85, 92, 93, 117–118, 129–130
cost and cost-effectiveness factors
process redesign, 88–90
regulatory compliance, 81, 117, 118
supply-chain factors, 123
occupational health and safety, 83, 87, 92–93, 119
energy conservation and efficiency, 82, 83
human health issues, 85, 87–93 (passim)
occupational health and safety, 83, 87, 92–93, 119
knowledge-management systems, 7, 16, 81–86
liability for environmental damage, 117–119
product life cycle, 83, 84, 86, 89
Toxics Release Inventory, 10, 85, 91, 120, 130, 135, 173, 175, 177, 182
Rhône-Poulenc, information management systems, 7, 87–93
supply-chain design, 116, 117–119, 123, 124
recycling of waste materials, 83, 85, 123
Chips, see Semiconductors
Choucri, Nazli, 10, 195–210, 212
Clean Air Act, 120–121, 137(n.16), 152
Clean Water Act, 179
see also Greenhouse gases
Cohen, Julie, 5–6, 45–55, 212–213
Collections of Information Antipiracy Act, 50–51
Colleges and universities, see University research
Communication technologies, 4, 5, 23, 24, 28, 30, 31, 77
see also Internet
historical perspectives, 28, 30, 37, 38
information density of an economy, 34, 35, 37, 38, 39
intranets, 22, 59, 72, 74, 83, 84, 90, 157, 158
synchronous vs asynchronous, 140–141
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, 119
Compton, W.Dale, 211–212
Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing, 4, 17, 18, 100, 153
Computer Devices International, see General Dynamics Information Systems
Computer technologies, general, 23, 140
see also Databases;
Electronics industry;
Extranets;
Internet;
Intranets;
Networks, computer;
Process control;
Software
automobiles, 16–18
historical perspectives, 27–29
information density of an economy, 38–40, 41
Confidentiality, see Privacy and confidentiality
Consortia of firms, 8
Contractors and contracting, see Outsourcing
Cooperative Research and Development Act, 152, 153
Copyright, see Intellectual property
Corporate Average Fuel Economy, 152
Corporate-level actions, 2, 6–8, 11(n.1), 59–148
see also Product design;
Recycling of waste materials;
Small and medium-sized enterprises;
Supply-chain factors
collaborative efforts, 8, 9, 62, 69–72, 77, 139, 143–144, 151–209
automotive industry, 151–158
government role, 8, 9, 62, 69, 70, 71, 73, 143–144, 146, 152–154, 155, 156–157, 165–171
small enterprises, 11, 139–140, 141, 142
technology transfer, 8, 9, 62, 69–72, 77, 139, 143–144, 151–209
databases, 9, 69, 83, 84, 85, 90, 92–93, 143–144
document management systems, 59, 72
best practice technology, 11, 62, 69, 70, 89, 106, 118, 120, 133, 134, 196
chemical industry, 82, 83, 89, 90, 91
supply-chain design, 116, 117, 120, 131–133, 135
Cost and cost-effectiveness factors, 4
automobiles, fuel efficiency/air quality regulations, 152
chemical sector,
process redesign, 88–90
regulatory compliance, 81, 117, 118
supply-chain factors, 123
energy technologies, 32
historical perspectives, 28, 142–143
information density of an economy, 34, 38
information sharing, 141, 142–143, 147
intellectual property, 6, 53–54
liability,
environmental damage, 117–120, 122, 124, 125, 126, 129, 134, 135, 178
intellectual property, 6, 47, 48, 49, 50, 54–55
product design,
knowledge-sharing, 95, 96, 97, 98, 102
recycling, modular design for, 105, 107, 108
public access to information, 176
regulatory compliance, 81, 117, 118, 134
substitution of information for energy/ materials, 5, 32
supply-chain design, 117–118, 121, 122–124, 129, 134
Court cases, see Litigation
D
Database Investment and Intellectual Property Antipiracy Act, 49–50
see also Knowledge-management systems
CD-ROM, 7, 36, 38, 41, 45, 83, 84, 157
corporate-level actions, 9, 69, 83, 84, 85, 90, 92–93, 143–144
distributed data systems, 9, 10, 18, 28, 147, 160, 180, 185
Global System for Sustainable Development, 10, 196–209
Environmental Data Exchange Network, 9, 160, 165–171
government agency collaboration, 9, 69, 143–144
information density of an economy, 36
intellectual property issues, 6, 45–55, 144, 146–147, 155
Internet access, general, 26–27
Internet access software, 9, 159–171
browsers, 9, 18, 72, 145, 163, 171, 198, 200
privacy and confidentiality, 52–53
de Geus, Arie, 33
Decision-making systems, 1
corporate-level, 59, 60, 76, 78
see also Product design
peer review, 11
public access to information, 174
simulation models for information sharing, 142
Department of Defense, 156
Environmental Data Exchange Network, 9, 160, 165–171
Department of Energy
Environmental Data Exchange Network, 9, 160, 165–171
Design of products, see Product design
Diffusion of technology, see Intellectual property;
Technology transfer
Distributed data systems, 9, 10, 18, 28, 147, 160, 180, 185
Global System for Sustainable Development, 10, 196–209
Document management systems, 59, 72, 74
Dutch Management Network, 77
E
Eagan, Patrick, 9, 173–184, 213
Ecological approaches, 2–4, 5, 11
see also Biodiversity;
Wildlife industrial ecology, 2–6, 13–55, 116
intellectual property rights, 45–55
supply-chain design, 116–135
sustainability, 15–43
Economic factors, 33
see also Globalization;
Intellectual property
GNP, Japan, 31
incentive-based approaches, 1, 74, 75
information density, 34–41
liability,
environmental damage, 117–120, 122, 124, 125, 126, 129, 134, 135, 178
intellectual property, 6, 47, 48, 49, 50, 54–55
market forces, 19, 20, 26, 33, 34, 67, 96, 115, 139
see also Globalization
intellectual property, 6, 46, 47, 49, 50, 51, 53–55
recycling, modular design for, 105
regional development initiatives, 72
service sector, general, 3, 22, 24, 25, 33
supply-chain design, 122–128
Economic Policy Advisory Board, 33
Education
corporate personnel, in-house efforts, 78, 88, 90, 91, 106
intellectual property protection and professional, 50
mass media, 81, 185–187, 189–190
public access, 9, 11, 85, 173–194
Educational attainment
information density of an economy, 38–39
Electronics industry
see also Computer technology, general
information density of an economy, 39, 40
product life cycle, 21–22
intelligent vehicle highway system, 46–47, 48, 49, 51
collaborations, 156
information density of the economy, 34, 40
software upgrades, 26
Employment and employees
see also Occupational health and safety
chemical sector, 81, 83, 87, 92
education, in-house effects, 78, 88, 90, 91, 106
information density of an economy, 39–40
knowledge management, 74, 75, 76–77
service sector, 24
small manufacturing enterprises, 139–140
Energy conservation and efficiency, 4
semiconductor manufacturing, 21
Energy consumption, 1, 3, 4, 11, 32
substitution of information for, 28, 32
Energy Information Administration, 32
Energy Policy Act, 124
Energy Policy and Conservation Act, 15
EnviroArts, 193
EnviroLink Network, 59, 192–194
Environmental Data Exchange Network, 9, 160, 165–171
see also InfoSleuth™
Environmental Defense Fund, 72
Environmental management systems, 130–133
Environmental Protection and Community Right-to-Know Act, 85
Environmental Protection Agency, 128, 136(n.6), 156
Environmental Data Exchange Network, 9, 160, 165–171
public access to information, 174–183
Toxics Release Inventory, 10, 85, 91, 120, 130, 135, 173, 175, 177, 182
Europe
electronics industry, 22
intellectual property, 49–50, 52, 53
privacy rights, 52
supply-chain design standards, 132
Externalities, 36
F
Fact System (Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources), 174, 175, 178, 179, 181
Feedback systems
sustainability, 196
within firms, 8, 59, 117, 119, 127, 129–130
Feist Publications Inc. v. Rural Telephone Service Co., 47, 50
Financial sector, 3, 25, 26, 33, 34, 67, 96, 115, 139
Foreign relations and trade, see International perspectives
Fowler, Jerry, 9, 159–171, 213–214
Freedom of Information Act, 179
G
GDP, see Gross domestic product
General Dynamics Information Systems, 9
Geographic information systems, 177
Global Partnership on Cyberspace for Sustainability, 197, 208, 209
Global positioning system, 18
Global System for Sustainable Development, 10, 196–209
Globalization, 5, 9, 19, 21, 33, 34, 41, 67, 77, 96, 105
databases, 46, 47, 50, 51, 53–54
information sharing, 139–148, 195–209
Internet information sharing, 185–209 (passim)
Government role, 20, 25, 69, 71
see also Europe;
Legal issues;
Legislation;
Regulatory issues;
specific U.S. departments and agencies
collaborative efforts, 8, 9, 62, 69, 70, 71, 73, 143–144, 146, 152–154, 155, 156–157
Environmental Data Exchange Network, 9, 160, 165–171
public access to information, 9, 85, 173–184
Graedel, Thomas, 7, 95–103, 214
Greenhouse gases, 83
see also Climate change
carbon monoxide, 16
chemical sector, 83
consumer education, 67
Gross domestic product, 32
information density of an economy, 34, 37
Gross national product
Japan, 31
Groupware, 72
H
Health issues, see Human health issues
Heptinstall, James, 7, 74, 87–93, 214
Historical perspectives, 1, 4, 22, 23, 24, 27–33, 115–116, 134
automobile industry, 1, 2, 15–16, 151–154
computer technologies, general, 27–29
information density of an economy, 36, 37, 40
information sharing, 142, 185–186
Internet publishing, 27
Internet use levels, 195
memory chip capacity, 27
Human health issues, 10, 127, 195–196
accidents, industrial, 85, 92, 93, 117–118
automobile safety, 16, 152, 153
chemicals sector, 85, 87–93 (passim)
occupational health and safety
chemicals sector, 83, 87, 92–93, 119
Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 92–93, 119, 135
supply-chain factors, 119, 121
Toxics Release Inventory, 10, 85, 91, 120, 130, 135, 173, 175, 177, 182
I
Incentive-based approaches, 1, 74, 75
Industry Cooperative for Ozone Layer Protection, 69, 71
Intellectual property, 6, 45–55, 144, 146–147, 155
see also Technology transfer
chemicals sector, pollution prevention, 85
European Union law, 49–50, 52, 53
licensing of, 6, 45–46, 54, 144, 146–147
public access to information, 9, 85, 173–184
small enterprises, 140
time factors, patent applications, 6, 47
International News Service v. Associated Press, 48–49
International Organization for Standardization, 116, 134, 135, 174
environmental management systems, 131–133
International perspectives, 32, 188–189
see also Europe;
Globalization;
Internet;
Japan
automobile industry, collaboration, 151–152
databases,
intellectual property, 49–50, 52, 53
privacy rights, 52–53
electronics industry, 22
knowledge management, 69, 71, 73
Internet, 9–10, 26–27, 59, 72, 185–209 (passim)
see also E-mail
Art on the Internet, 193
automobiles linked to, 18–19
browsers, 9, 18, 72, 145, 163, 171, 198, 200
chemicals sector, 84
consumer information, 69
database access software, 9
EnviroLink Network, 59
globalization and information sharing, 185–209 (passim)
income from e-commerce, U.S., 195
information density of an economy, 34, 40
information pollution, 34, 189–190
intellectual property issues, 45, 48
misinformation, 189–191
number of users, 195
Program on Technology and Sustainable Development, publications , 11(n.1)
public access issues, 9, 85, 173–194
software distribution, 8, 26, 27
software for access, 9, 159–171
browsers, 9, 18, 72, 145, 163, 171, 198, 200
Intranets, 22, 59, 72, 74, 83, 84, 90, 157, 158
see also Supply-chain factors
Ishii, Kosuke, 7, 105–113, 214–215
J
automobile industry, 151
communication, 31
recycling, design for, 107
Just-in-time inventories, 4, 85
K
Kabjian, Michael, 5, 7, 59–79, 215
Killgoar, Paul Jr., 8–9, 151–158, 215–216
Kleindorfer, Paul, 8, 115–138, 216
Knauer, Joshua, 9, 185–194, 216
Knowledge-management systems, 1, 5
see also Intellectual property
corporate-level, 2, 6–7, 59, 60–78
chemical sector, DuPont, 7, 81–86, 91–92
sustainable development, 2, 195–209
Global System for Sustainable Development, 10, 196–209
L
Language factors, human, 162, 197, 200, 204–205
object-oriented programming, 144–145, 147
query, 159
see also Intellectual property;
Regulatory issues
liability,
environmental damage, 117–120, 122, 124, 125, 126, 129, 134, 135, 178
intellectual property, 6, 47, 48, 49, 50, 54–55
litigation, intellectual property rights, 45, 47–49, 50
Legislation
acid deposition (Wisconsin Acid Rain Law), 175
Clean Air Act, 120–121, 137(n.16), 152
Clean Water Act, 179
Collections of Information Antipiracy Act, 50–51
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, 119
Database Investment and Intellectual Property Antipiracy Act, 49–50
Energy Policy Act, 124
Energy Policy and Conservation Act, 15
Environmental Protection and Community Right-to-Know Act, 85
Freedom of Information Act, 179
intellectual property, 46, 47–48, 49–51, 53, 54
National Competitiveness Technology Transfer Act, 153, 154
National Cooperative Research and Production Act, 153
Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act, 120
Technology Transfer Act, 152, 153
Liability
environmental damage, 117–120, 122, 124, 125, 126, 129, 134, 135, 178
intellectual property, 6, 47, 48, 49, 50, 54–55
Life cycle, see Product life cycle
Litigation, intellectual property rights, 45, 47–49, 50
M
Manufacturing sector, 3, 4, 11(n.1), 24, 65, 139
see also Automobile industry;
Chemicals sector;
Electronics industry;
Materials management and use;
Product design;
Product life cycle;
Recycling of waste materials;
Supply-chain factors
accidents, industrial, 85, 92, 93, 117–118, 129–130
knowledge-sharing, 95–103, 139–148
process control, 4, 8, 75, 83, 87–93, 95–96, 99, 107, 116–117
small and medium-sized enterprises, 11, 71, 132–133, 139–140, 141, 142
Martin, William, 5–6, 45–55, 217
Mass media, 81, 185–187, 189–190
see also Internet
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 208
Material Safety Data Sheets, 92–93, 119
Materials management and use, 1–2, 3, 4–5, 7, 11, 67, 95, 100, 106–107
see also Inventory;
Recycling of waste materials;
Waste management
intellectual property issues, 46
packaging, 65, 67, 82, 99, 121, 128
substitution of services for products, 5, 22, 26, 28, 32–33
Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation
Microsoft, 33
information density of an economy, 34–36
information sharing and collaboration, 185–194
N
National Basketball Ass’n v. Motorola, Inc., 49
National Competitiveness Technology Transfer Act, 153, 154
National Cooperative Research and Production Act, 153
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Environmental Data Exchange Network, 9, 160, 165–171
NCR Corporation, 9
Networks, computer, 9, 10, 18, 22, 41, 72, 93, 143, 146, 159–172
see also Internet
distributed data systems, 9, 10, 18, 28, 147, 160, 180, 185
Global System for Sustainable Development, 10, 196–209
EnviroLink, 59
intranets, 22, 59, 72, 74, 83, 84, 90, 157, 158
O
Object-oriented programming, 144–145, 147
Occupational health and safety
chemicals sector, 83, 87, 92–93, 119
supply-chain factors, 119, 121
Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 135
Material Safety Data Sheets, 92–93, 119
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), 41
P
Packaging, 65, 67, 82, 99, 121, 128
Patent and Trademark Office, 47
Patents, see Intellectual property
Performance metrics, 11(n.1), 135
Plug-and-play software, 8, 143
Privacy and confidentiality, 52–53
see also Trade secrets
recycling, design for, 107
supply-chain design, 116–117
ProCD, Inc. v. Zeidenberg, 45
Product design, 4, 7–8, 11, 63, 64, 65, 115–116
see also Supply-chain factors
computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing, 4, 17, 18, 100, 153
cost and cost-effectiveness factors,
knowledge-sharing, 95, 96, 97, 98, 102
recycling, modular design for, 105, 107, 108
electronics, general, 21–22
historical perspectives, 115–116, 142
materials management and use, 7, 99, 100
recycling factors, 95, 99, 102, 105–113
Product life cycle, 7, 21, 62, 67, 70
see also Recycling of waste materials
chemical sector, 83, 84, 86, 89
electronics, 21–22
knowledge-sharing, 96, 97, 100–101, 102
public access to information, 174, 177–178
supply-chain design, 116, 118, 122, 124, 127, 128, 129, 132, 136(n.3), 137(n.13)
Public access, 9, 11, 85, 173–194
consumer education, 67, 69, 70
mass media, 81, 185–187, 189–190
Public opinion
chemical industry, general, 81
distrust of technology, 75, 135
regulatory issues, 175, 176, 177, 179–181
supply-chain design, public relations, 120–121, 125, 126, 129–130, 135
Q
see also Standards
performance metrics, 11(n.1), 135
Quality of life, 19, 21, 22, 32
information density of an economy, 34, 35
R
Raytheon Systems, 9
Recycling of waste materials, 7, 68, 73, 124, 129
automotive sector, 153
cost-effectiveness, 105, 107, 108
knowledge-sharing, 95, 99, 102
product design, 95, 99, 102, 105–113
Regulatory issues, 10, 11(n.1)
see also Intellectual property;
Standards automobiles, fuel efficiency/air quality regulations, 152
corporate-level actions, 63
cost of compliance, 81, 117, 118, 134
Global System for Sustainable Development, 197, 200
Material Safety Data Sheets, 92–93, 119
public access to information, 175, 176, 177, 179–181
supply-chain factors, 117, 118, 119, 120, 122, 125, 127, 126, 128, 134, 135, 177–178
Toxics Release Inventory, 10, 85, 91, 120, 130, 135, 173, 175, 177, 182
Reichman, J.H,, 53
Reverse logistics, 116, 122, 123, 124, 127, 128, 129
Richards, Deanna, 5, 7, 59–79, 217–218
Rickard, Maurice, 9, 185–194, 218
Romer, Paul, 33
Royal Dutch Shell, 33
S
Samuelson, Pamela, 53
Schlumberger, 9
information density of an economy, 40, 41
intelligent vehicle highway system, 46–47, 48, 49, 51
Service sector, 1, 3, 22, 25, 26, 67–69, 76
see also Outsourcing;
Transportation services
financial sector, 3, 25, 26, 33, 34, 67, 96, 115, 139
substitution of services for products, 5, 22, 26, 28, 32–33
Small and medium-sized enterprises
information sharing and collaboration, 11, 139–140, 141, 142
supply-chain design standards, 132–133
technical assistance, 71
Social factors. 3, 11, 195, 196
see also Human health;
Occupational health and safety
Global System for Sustainable Development, 10, 196–209
language factors, human, 162, 197, 200, 204–205
public access to information, 9, 11, 85, 173–184, 189
collaborative knowledge sharing, 157
corporate-level knowledge sharing, 59
groupware, 72
information density of an economy, 38, 39–40, 41
Internet database access, 9, 159–171
browsers, 9, 18, 72, 145, 163, 171, 198, 200
Internet distribution of, 8, 26, 27
languages, 143, 144–145, 146, 147, 159, 208
object-oriented programming, 144–145, 147
Solid waste, 2
see also Materials management and use;
Recycling of waste materials
American National Standards Institute, 176
corporate-level, 11, 59–60, 176
best practice technology, 11, 62, 69, 70, 89, 106, 118, 120, 133, 134, 196
chemical industry, 82, 83, 89, 90, 91
supply-chain design, 116, 117, 120, 131–133, 135
environmental management systems, 131–133
industrial classifications (SIC), 22, 24–25
information density of an economy, 36–41
International Organization of Standardization, 116, 131–133, 134, 135, 174
plug-and-play software, 143
quality of life, 19, 21, 22, 32, 34, 35
recycling, modular design for, 106, 107
Sun Microsystems, 27
Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act, 120
Supply-chain factors, 8, 18, 62, 66–67, 68, 102, 115–138, 158
see also Inventory techniques
cost-effectiveness, 117–118, 121, 122–124, 129, 134
feedback systems, 8, 117, 119, 127, 129–130, 140
occupational health and safety, 119, 121
product life cycle, 116, 118, 122, 124, 127, 128, 129, 132, 136(n.3), 137(n.13)
public access to information, 174, 177–178
public relations, 120–121, 125, 126, 129–130, 135
regulatory issues, 117, 118, 119, 120, 122, 125, 127, 126, 128, 134, 135, 177–178
reverse logistics, 116, 122, 123, 124, 127, 128, 129
small enterprises, standards, 132–133
standards, 116, 117, 120, 131–133, 135
transportation factors, 121, 123–124, 128
waste management, 121–122, 124
information density of an economy, 34
Internet applications, 10, 195–196
Sustainable Business Network, 192–193
T
Technical assistance, 71
Technology transfer, 7, 8–10, 11(n.1), 71, 84–85, 88, 139–148
see also Intellectual property
corporate-level, 5, 7, 59, 69, 71, 78, 84–85, 88, 95–103;
see also Knowledge management
collaborative efforts, 8, 9, 62, 69–72, 77, 139, 143–144, 151–209
global sustainability, 10, 195–209
historical perspectives, 22
Internet, 9, 26–27, 159–171, 185–194
product life cycle, 96, 97, 100–101, 102
Technology Transfer Act, 152
Texas Instruments, 9
Time factors
see also Produce life cycle
database property protections, 6
information density of an economy, 40
intellectual property protection, 50, 52–53
knowledge management, 77
recycling, modular design for, 105–106, 108
Torts, see Liability
Toxic materials, 10
see also Chemicals sector
Toxics Release Inventory, 10, 85, 91, 120, 130, 135, 173, 175, 177, 182
Transportation services, 3, 5, 24, 70
see also Automobile industry
chemical industry, tankers, 82
intelligent vehicle highway system, 46–47, 48, 49, 51
just-in-time inventories, 4, 85
supply-chain design, 121, 123–124, 128
TRW, 9
U
United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development, 197
United States Council for Automotive Research, 154, 155, 156
University research, 5, 51, 53, 72, 105, 106, 113, 116, 139, 143–144, 146, 155, 208
V
Volatile organic compounds, 16
W
see also Recycling of waste materials
intellectual property issues, 46
packaging, 65, 67, 82, 99, 121, 128
substitution of services for products, 5, 22, 26, 28, 32–33
supply-chain design, 121–122, 124
acid deposition, 175
chemical industry, 82
Clean Water Act, 179
supply-chain factors, 128
Wildlife
habitat loss and, biodiversity, 2, 11
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, 174, 175, 178, 179, 181, 182
World Intellectual Property Organization, 50
World Wide Web, see Internet
Z
Zeidenberg, Michael, 45
