National Academies Press: OpenBook

From Monsoons to Microbes: Understanding the Ocean's Role in Human Health (1999)

Chapter: Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations

« Previous: Appendix A: Committee Biographies
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 1999. From Monsoons to Microbes: Understanding the Ocean's Role in Human Health. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6368.
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Page 119

Appendix B
Acronyms and Abbreviations

ADP

Adenosine 5'-DiPhosphate

AFRES

U.S. Air Force REServe

AIDS

Acquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome

APBL

Atmospheric Boundary Layer

AR

Aldose Reductase gene

ARA

ARachidonic Acid

ASP

Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning

AVHRR

Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer

CDC

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

CFP

Ciguatera Fish Poisoning

CICR

Calcium-Induced Calcium Release

CLIVAR

Climate Variability and Predictability Programme

CPHC

Central Pacific Hurricane Center

CRADA

Cooperative Research and Development Agreement

DHA

DocosaHexenoic Acid

DNA

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

DOD

U.S. Department of Defense

DSP

Diarrheic Shellfish Poisoning

ELISA

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

EMS

Emergency Medical Services

ENSO

El Niño/Southern Oscillation

EPA

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

FDA

U.S. Food and Drug Administration

FEMA

Federal Emergency Management Agency

GFP

Green Fluorescent Protein

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 1999. From Monsoons to Microbes: Understanding the Ocean's Role in Human Health. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6368.
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Page 120

GOOS

Global Ocean Observing System

HABs

Harmful Algal Blooms

HACCP

Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point

HHS

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

HIV

Human Immuno-deficiency Virus

hPa

HectoPascals

IgM

Immunoglobulin M

JTWC

Joint Typhoon Warning Center

MHCs

Major Histocompatability Antigens

MPF

Meiosis Promoting Factor

MPH

Miles Per Hour

NAADP

Nicotnic Acid Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate

NAO

North Atlantic Oscillation

NCI

National Cancer Institute

NHC

National Hurricane Center

NIH

National Institutes of Health

NOAA

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NPNCDDGs

Natural Products National Cancer Drug Discovery Groups

NSF

National Science Foundation

NSP

Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning

NSSP

National Shellfish Sanitation Program

OBL

Ocean Boundary Layer

ONR

Office of Naval Research

ORE

Osmotic Response Element

PAH

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

PAHO

Pan American Health Organization

PCR

Polymerase Chain Reaction

PPM

Parts Per Million

PPT

Parts Per Thousand

PSP

Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning

PUFAs

PolyUnsaturated Fatty Acids

RNA

Ribonucleic Acid

RT-PCR

Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

RVF

Rift Valley Fever

SBIR

Small Business Innovative Research

SeaWiFS

Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor

SRA

Scanning Radar Altimeter

SST

Sea Surface Temperature

TCs

Tropical Cyclones

TOPEX

The Ocean TOPography Experiment

USAID

U.S. Agency for International Development

USWRP

U.S. Weather Research Program

WAMDI

WAve Model Development and Implementation Group

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 1999. From Monsoons to Microbes: Understanding the Ocean's Role in Human Health. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6368.
×

Page 121

WCRs

Warm Core Rings

WHO

World Health Organization

WWRP

World Weather Research Program

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 1999. From Monsoons to Microbes: Understanding the Ocean's Role in Human Health. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6368.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 1999. From Monsoons to Microbes: Understanding the Ocean's Role in Human Health. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6368.
×
Page 119
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 1999. From Monsoons to Microbes: Understanding the Ocean's Role in Human Health. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6368.
×
Page 120
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 1999. From Monsoons to Microbes: Understanding the Ocean's Role in Human Health. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6368.
×
Page 121
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Acronyms and Abbreviations." National Research Council. 1999. From Monsoons to Microbes: Understanding the Ocean's Role in Human Health. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6368.
×
Page 122
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What can sharks teach us about our immune system? What can horseshoe crabs show us about eyesight?

The more we learn about the ocean, the more we realize how critical these vast bodies of water are to our health and well-being. Sometimes the ocean helps us, as when a marine organism yields a new medical treatment. At other times, the ocean poses the threat of coastal storm surges or toxic algal blooms.

From Monsoons to Microbes offers a deeper look into the oceans that surround us, often nurturing yet sometimes harming humankind. This book explores the links among physical oceanography, public health, epidemiology, marine biology, and medicine in understanding what the ocean has to offer. It will help readers grasp such important points as:

  • How the ocean's sweeping physical processes create long-term phenomena such as El Nino and short-term disastrous events such as tsunamis—including what communities can do to prepare.
  • What medicines and nutritional products have come from the ocean and what the prospects are for more such discoveries.
  • How estuaries work—where salt and fresh water meet—and what can go wrong, as in the 7,000 square mile "dead zone" at the out-flow of the Mississippi River.
  • How the growing demand for seafood and the expansion of ocean-going transport has increased our exposure to infectious agents—and how these agents can be tracked down and fought.
  • Why "red tides" of toxic algae suddenly appear in previously unaffected coastal areas, and what happens when algal toxins find their way into our food supply or the air we breathe.

The book recommends ways we can implement exciting new technologies to monitor the physics, chemistry, and biology of the ocean to recognize change as it happens. From the impact of worldwide atmospheric warming to the significance of exotic bacteria from submarine hydrothermal vents, the ocean has many depths left to explore.

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