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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1998. Contraceptive Research, Introduction, and Use: Lessons From Norplant, Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6403.
×

WORKSHOP SUMMARY AND ANALYSIS

Contraceptive Research, Introduction, and Use

Lessons from Norplant

Polly F.Harrison and Allan Rosenfield, Editors

Subcommittee for Workshop on Implant Contraceptives: An Illuminating Case Study in Current Dilemmas and Possibilities

Committee on Contraceptive Research and Development

Division of Health Sciences Policy

INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE

NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
Washington, D.C.
1998

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1998. Contraceptive Research, Introduction, and Use: Lessons From Norplant, Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6403.
×

NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20418

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.

The Institute of Medicine was chartered in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to enlist distinguished members of the appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. In this, the Institute acts under both the Academy’s 1863 congressional charter responsibility to be an adviser to the federal government and its own initiative in identifying issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I.Shine is president of the Institute of Medicine.

This study was supported by a grant from the Henry J.Kaiser Family Foundation, Menlo Park, California. The views presented in this report are those of the Committee on Contraceptive Research and Development and are not necessarily those of the funding organization.

Additional copies of the full volume of Contraceptive Research, Introduction, and Use: Lessons from Norplant, from which this Workshop Summary and Analysis has been extracted, are available for sale from the
National Academy Press,
Box 285, 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20055; Call (800) 624–6242 or (202) 334–3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area), or visit the NAP’s on-line bookstore at http://www.nap.edu.

Additional copies of this Workshop Summary and Analysis are available in limited quantities from the Institute of Medicine, Division of Health Sciences Policy, 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20418; call (202) 334–2348.

For more information about the Institute of Medicine, visit the IOM home page at http://www2.nas.edu/iom.

Copyright 1998 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

Printed in the United States of America

The serpent has been a symbol of long life, healing, and knowledge among almost all cultures and religions since the beginning of recorded history. The image adopted as a logotype by the Institute of Medicine is based on a relief carving from ancient Greece, now held by the Staatliche Museen in Berlin.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1998. Contraceptive Research, Introduction, and Use: Lessons From Norplant, Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6403.
×

SUBCOMMITTEE FOR WORKSHOP ON IMPLANT CONTRACEPTIVES

Allan Rosenfield* (Chair), Dean,

School of Public Health, Columbia University

Hedia Belhadj-El Ghouayel, Deputy to the Director,

Division for Arab States and Europe, United Nations Population Fund, New York

Nancy L.Buc, Partner,

Buc & Beardsley, Washington, D.C.

Rebecca J.Cook, Professor,

Faculty of Law, University of Toronto

Richard H.Douglas, Vice President,

Corporate Development, Genzyme Corporation, Boston

Donald Patrick McDonnell, Associate Professor of Pharmacology,

Duke University Medical Center

David C.Mowery, Professor of Business and Public Policy,

Walter A.Haas School of Business, University of California at Berkeley

Judy Norsigian, Co-director,

Boston Women’s Health Book Collective

Study Staff

Polly F.Harrison, Senior Study Director

Gretchen Ganzle Kidder, Research Assistant

Christina Thacker, Project Assistant

Division Staff

Valeric P.Setlow, Director

Linda DePugh, Administrative Assistant

Jamaine Tinker, Financial Associate

*  

Institute of Medicine member.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1998. Contraceptive Research, Introduction, and Use: Lessons From Norplant, Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6403.
×

COMMITTEE ON CONTRACEPTIVE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Allan Rosenfield* (Chair), Dean,

School of Public Health, Columbia University

Hedia Belhadj El Ghouayel, Deputy to the Director,

Division for Arab States and Europe, United Nations Population Fund, New York

Donald D.Brown, Director,

Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institute of Washington, Baltimore, Maryland

Nancy L.Buc, Partner,

Buc & Beardsley, Washington, D.C.

Peter F.Carpenter, Founder/Director,

Mission and Values Institute,

Visiting Scholar,

Center for Biomedical Ethics, Stanford University

Willard Cates, Jr., Corporate Director of Medical Affairs,

Family Health International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina

Rebecca J.Cook, Professor,

Faculty of Law, University of Toronto

Horacio B.Croxatto, Professor,

Instituto Chilena de Medicina Reproductiva, Santiago, Chile

Richard H.Douglas, Vice President,

Corporate Development, Genzyme Corporation, Boston

Michael J.K.Harper, Professor,

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School

Donald Patrick McDonnell, Associate Professor of Pharmacology,

Duke University Medical Center

David C.Mowery, Professor of Business and Public Policy,

Walter A.Haas School of Business, University of California at Berkeley

Judy Norsigian, Co-director,

Boston Women’s Health Book Collective

Sandra Panem, Managing Partner,

Vector Fund Management, Vector Securities International, Deerfield, Illinois

Bennett M.Shapiro, Executive Vice President,

Worldwide Basic Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey

Wylie Vale, Professor,

The Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, The Salk Institute, La Jolla, California

Bai-ge Zhao, Director,

Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research

*  

Institute of Medicine member.

  

National Academy of Sciences member.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1998. Contraceptive Research, Introduction, and Use: Lessons From Norplant, Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6403.
×

Acknowledgments

This document reports the proceedings of a workshop that depended for any useful outcome not just on the knowledge and experience of its participants but on their willingness to engage in flexible and open dialogue. Much appreciation is owed to:

  • presenters James Anderson, David Archer, Marie Bass, Paul Blumenthal, Ward Cates, Jacqueline Darroch, Angela Davey, Andrew Davidson, Lynne Gaffikin, Michael Green, Debra Kalmuss, Helen Koo, Preston Marx, Olav Meirik, Noel Rose, Ruth Simmons, Irving Sivin, Felicia Stewart, and Paul Van Look;

  • panelists Martha Katz, Ruth Macklin, Ellen Moskowitz, Cynthia Pearson, Julia Scott, and Marian Secundy, and

  • all participants, whose expertise and commitment contributed so constructively to advancing understanding of a persistently difficult subject.

As small as this document is, much work went into its preparation. For that we thank our project staff Christina Thacker and Gretchen Kidder, who handled the workshop logistics, drafted the presentation summaries, and prepared this document for the press; Claudia Carl, who shepherded the report through review; Michael Edington, who helped with its editing and publication; and Valerie Setlow, who was unfailingly helpful in many ways.

We also offer our thanks to the subcommittee for its willingness to continue membership on the Committee on Contraceptive Research and Development in order to encompass this activity.

Finally, we thank the Henry J.Kaiser Family Foundation for its support, patience, and unflagging conviction that this is a very important topic.

To all, our gratitude is very great and most sincere.

Allan Rosenfield, Chair

Polly F.Harrison, Senior Study Director

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1998. Contraceptive Research, Introduction, and Use: Lessons From Norplant, Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6403.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1998. Contraceptive Research, Introduction, and Use: Lessons From Norplant, Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6403.
×

Contents

The contents of the full report, from which this Workshop Summary and Analysis has been extracted, follow.

1

INTRODUCTION 1

2

WORKSHOP REPORT 3

Efficacy and Safety, 3

Efficacy, 3

Safety, 4

Who Uses Norplant and How, 9

User Populations, 9

Method Continuation and Discontinuation, 11

Side Effects as Factors, 12

User Satisfaction, 13

Barriers to Discontinuation, 18

Insertion and Removal: Experience and Implications, 23

Technical Aspects, 23

Case Experiences, 23

Rates of Complicated Removals, 25

Implications, 25

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1998. Contraceptive Research, Introduction, and Use: Lessons From Norplant, Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6403.
×

 

Consumer Perspectives, 27

Communication and Quality of Care, 27

Informed Decision-Making, 28

Consumer Involvement, 31

New Approaches, 31

Reproductive Health Technologies Project’s “Boom and Bust Initiative,” 32

The WHO Strategic Approach to Contraceptive Introduction, 32

A “Government Standards Defense,” 34

3

WORKSHOP SUMMARY AND ANALYSIS 37

Data Review, 38

Efficacy, 38

Safety, 38

User Profiles, 39

Side Effects, 39

Continuation and Discontinuation, 39

User Satisfaction, 40

Postmarketing Surveillance, 40

Cost-Effectiveness, 41

Lessons Learned, 41

Next Steps: Areas for Consideration and Action, 44

Areas for Strengthening or Expansion, 44

Areas for New Initiative, 47

Final Comment, 49

APPENDIXES

A

Presentation Summaries, 59

B

Norplant: Historical Background, 107

C

Workshop Agenda, 115

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1998. Contraceptive Research, Introduction, and Use: Lessons From Norplant, Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6403.
×

WORKSHOP SUMMARY AND ANALYSIS

Contraceptive Research, Introduction, and Use

Lessons from Norplant

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 1998. Contraceptive Research, Introduction, and Use: Lessons From Norplant, Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6403.
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