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Contributors
ARMAND J. BEAUDOIN is an associate professor in the Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering at the University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana. His work experience includes 15 years with the metals industry. In the early stages of his career Dr. Beaudoin developed supervisory control systems for the nondestructive evaluation of aluminum aircraft plate. Here the disparity between the rudimentary state of metal-forming analysis and considerable artistry of the production mill operator became apparent. This led to further study of metal forming with a combined metallurgical and mechanical perspective. To this end, Dr. Beaudoin received a master's of materials science degree from the University of Virginia and a Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from Cornell University. Returning to industry, he pursued computer simulation of material behavior as a basis for process design. Such analysis resulted in the development of thermomechanical processes for production of aluminum alloys used in packaging, auto body panels, and aircraft plate. His interests have extended to other materials, such as steels used in the construction of ships and submarines.
JOEL W. BURDICK is an associate professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, California Institute of Technology. His research is in the areas of sensor-based robotic motion planning, mechanics and control of robotic and biological locomotion, applied nonlinear control, hyper-redundant robotic systems, multifingered robotic hand manipulation, industrial parts fixturing, and medical applications of robotics. While at CalTech, Dr. Burdick has been the recipient of the National Science Foundation Presidential Young Investigator Award, the Office of Naval Research Young Investigator Award, and the Feynman Fellowship. He has also received the Associated Students of the California
Institute of Technology award for excellence in undergraduate teaching and the Graduate Student Council award for excellence in graduate student education. Dr. Burdick received his undergraduate degrees in mechanical engineering and chemistry from Duke University and his M.S. and Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from Stanford University.
JAMES G. FUJIMOTO is a professor of electrical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and an adjunct professor of ophthalmology at Tufts University. He received his undergraduate, S.M., and Ph.D. degrees from MIT. Dr. Fujimoto's research interests include femtosecond laser generation and measurement techniques, studies of ultrafast processes in electronic and optoelectronic materials and devices, and laser medicine. He was the recipient of a National Science Foundation Young Investigator Award, an AT&T New Research Fund Award, an IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optic Society Traveling Lecturer Award, and the National Academy of Sciences Award for Initiatives in Research.
MARK N. GLAUSER is a professor in the Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering at Clarkson University in Potsdam, New York. His research has ranged from relatively simple mixing layers (2D and axisymmetric) to complicated 3-D transitioning boundary layers and separated flows. Dr. Glauser is also leading an effort at Clarkson to develop what have been termed interactive labs of the future—laboratory course modules that utilize a multimedia interactive environment (based on MAPLE and LabVIEW) to integrate experimental, computational, and analytical tools in a complementary and coherent fashion. In the academic year 1994-1995 he was a visiting senior research scientist at NASA Langley and a Fulbright Fellow at the Centre d'Etudes Aerodynamiques & Thermiques/Laboratoire d'Etudes Aerodynamiques in Poitiers, France. Dr. Glauser received his Ph.D. in fluid dynamics from the University at Buffalo, State University of New York.
SHARON C. GLOTZER is a computational physicist in the Polymers Division of the Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and serves as director of the NIST Center for Theoretical and Computational Materials Science (CTCMS), which she cofounded. Dr. Glotzer began her career at NIST as a National Research Council postdoctoral fellow. Her research interests include theoretical and computational investigations of phase transitions and pattern formation in polymer materials and dynamics of dense liquids and glasses. In 1997 she received the U.S. Department of Commerce Bronze Medal Award for her contributions to the creation of the CTCMS and in 1998 the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers. Dr. Glotzer received a B.S. degree in physics from the University of
California, Los Angeles, and a Ph.D. in theoretical condensed matter physics from Boston University.
KENNETH Y. GOLDBERG is an associate professor in the Department of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research at the University of California, Berkeley. He received his Ph.D. from the School of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University and his B.S.E. from the University of Pennsylvania. Dr. Goldberg and his students study geometric algorithms for feeding, sorting, and fixturing industrial parts. He was named a National Science Foundation (NSF) Young Investigator in 1994 and an NSF Presidential Faculty Fellow in 1995.
LINDA G. GRIFFITH is the Karl Van Tassel Career Development Associate Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering and Division of Bioengineering and Environmental Health, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dr. Griffith's research is in the rapidly emerging field of tissue engineering, where cells are manipulated using biochemical factors, synthetic materials, and mechanics to form multi-dimensional structures that carry out the functions of normal tissue in vitro or in vivo. Her work focuses on controlling the spatial and temporal presentation of molecular ligands and physical cues that are known to influence cell behavior. Her research combines molecular design and synthesis of surfaces that interact with cells via receptor-mediated phenomena as well as design and synthesis of macroscopic 3-D devices, with an emphasis on developing liver tissue in vitro. One of her inventions, "injectable cartilage," is currently in clinical trials for treatment of urological disorders, and a second provided the basis for a new company, Therics, devoted to creation of complex devices for tissue engineering and drug delivery. Dr. Griffith received her B.S. from the Georgia Institute of Technology and a Ph.D. from the University of California at Berkeley, both in chemical engineering. She was the recipient of an National Science Foundation Presidential Young Investigator Award in 1991.
LYDIA E. KAVRAKI is an assistant professor of computer science at Rice University. She received a B.A. degree at the University of Crete in Greece and her Ph.D. degree at Stanford University. Before joining the Rice University faculty in 1996, she worked as a postdoctoral fellow and as a research associate at Stanford. Dr. Kavraki's research investigates algorithms and system architectures for solving geometric problems arising in the physical world. She is particularly interested in problems in the areas of motion planning, assembly sequencing, manufacturing, and applications in computational chemistry (pharmaceutical drug design) and medicine (robot-assisted surgery). Dr. Kavraki was a cochair of the International Workshop on the Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics in 1998 and received the National Science Foundation Early Career Development Award in 1997.
JAY LEE is director for product development and manufacturing, United Technologies Research Center (UTRC), where he is responsible for strategic direction and research and development activities in the areas of product development processes, manufacturing systems, sustainable process development, machining systems, quality systems, green products and processes, and advanced service technologies. Prior to joining UTRC, Dr. Lee served as director of the Industry/ University Cooperative Research Center Program, the Engineering Research Centers Program, and the Materials Processing and Manufacturing Program at the National Science Foundation. Previously, he held several engineering and management positions in the automotive, precision machinery, and service industries. Dr. Lee has master's degrees in mechanical engineering from the University of Wisconsin, Madison, and industrial management from the State University of New York, Stony Brook, as well as a Ph.D. from George Washington University. He is active with the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and the National Research Council and serves as an adviser to programs in Japan and the United Kingdom. Dr. Lee has received fellowship awards from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and the Japan Science and Technology Agency and received the Society of Manufacturing Engineers' Outstanding Young Manufacturing Engineer Award.
LARRY H. MATTHIES is supervisor of the Machine Vision and Tracking Sensors Group at the Jet Propulsion Lab (JPL) in Pasadena, California. Dr. Matthies joined JPL after obtaining a Ph.D. in computer science from Carnegie Mellon University in 1989. His research interests center on computer vision for autonomous navigation, and he has been instrumental in the development of several 3-D perception systems for mobile robots. Dr. Matthies was a member of the flight team for the Sojourner Mars rover. He is now a member of the editorial board of the journal Autonomous Robots and an adjunct professor in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Southern California. His interest in computer vision for mobile robots grew out of prior interests in computer graphics and artificial intelligence. His work provides a rewarding balance of theoretical development, prototype system building, field trials in interesting locations, and, most of all, application to exciting missions.
OMKARAM NALAMASU is manager of the optical lithography and imaging materials research programs at Bell Laboratories/Lucent Technologies. He has made critical contributions to the deep-ultraviolet resist materials chemistry and process development areas and has published over 90 papers, review articles, and book chapters on various aspects of photoresist materials design, synthesis, formulation, process development, and their implementation in integrated circuit fabrication. Dr. Nalamasu has chaired and organized conferences on lithography and photoresist materials and has taught courses on materials for electronics in the United States and Japan through the American Chemical Society and
the State University of New York continuing education organizations. Dr. Nalamasu obtained his Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of British Columbia.
WILLIAM J. PERRY is a professor at Stanford University, with a joint appointment at the Department of Engineering-Economic Systems/Operations Research and the Institute for International Studies. From February 1994 to January 1997, Dr. Perry was Secretary of Defense of the United States. His previous government experience was as Deputy Secretary of Defense (1993-1994) and as Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering (1977-1981). Dr. Perry's business experience includes serving as a laboratory director for General Telephone and Electronics (1954-1964); founding and serving as the president of ESL, Inc. (1964-1977); Executive Vice President of Hambrecht & Quist, Inc. (1981-1985); and founder and chairman of Technology Strategies & Alliances (1985-1993). He serves on the board of United Technologies, Hambrecht & Quist, and several emerging high-tech companies. Dr. Perry is a member of the National Academy of Engineering, a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the recipient of numerous military and civilian awards. He received his B.S. and M.S. from Stanford University and his Ph.D. from Penn State, all in mathematics.
MICHAEL A. PESHKIN is an associate professor of mechanical engineering at Northwestern University. Dr. Peshkin's research interests are in the area of robotics: image-guided surgery, collaborative robots or "cobots," the use of compliance characteristics to ease manual or automated assembly operations, and the use of sliding motions in robotic manipulation. He holds patents for cobots and for a fluoroscope-based image-guided surgical system, both of which are licensed to fledgling companies. Dr. Peshkin received his bachelor's degree from the University of Chicago; master's degree from Cornell University; and a Ph.D. in physics from Carnegie Mellon University, where he also worked at the Robotics Institute.
MILIND RAJADHYAKSHA is an optical engineer at Lucid, Inc. in Henrietta, New York, jointly with Massachusetts General Hospital-Wellman Labs of Photo-medicine in Boston. He is responsible for the design and development of confocal microscopes at Lucid and for imaging and clinical research at MGH-Wellman Labs. Prior to joining Lucid, Dr. Rajadhyaksha was a member of the research faculty at Harvard Medical School-Massachusetts General Hospital, where he worked mainly in confocal microscopy. He is also a visiting faculty member at Tufts University, where he teaches microscopy to graduate students. Dr. Rajadhyaksha holds a B.S. from the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay. and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Purdue University. He did his postdoctoral training at Harvard Medical School-MGH, jointly with the Schepens Eye Research Institute in Boston.
JOHN G. SPEER is a professor of metallurgy at the Colorado School of Mines. He teaches graduate and undergraduate courses in physical metallurgy and participates in the research efforts of the Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center, a National Science Foundation Industry/University Cooperative Research Center. He joined Bethlehem Steel's Homer Research Laboratories as a research engineer in 1983 and initially worked in the areas of microalloying and plate product development, including development of new high-strength low-alloy grades for construction and Navy ship-building applications. Dr. Speer also participated in sheet steel product development and formability programs and became a research supervisor of Bethlehem's Cold Rolled Products Group in 1989, responsible for directing product development, operations support, and customer technical support activities related to cold rolled sheet, coated sheet formability, cold mill process fluids, and surface appearance. Dr. Speer received his undergraduate degree in metallurgy and materials engineering from Lehigh University and a Ph.D. in physical metallurgy from Oxford University.
DAVID A. TIRRELL is Ross McCollum-William H. Corcoran Professor in the Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, a position he assumed in 1998. After earning a B.S. in chemistry from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dr. Tirrell enrolled in the newly created Department of Polymer Science and Engineering at the University of Massachusetts, receiving his Ph.D. in 1978. Following a postdoctoral fellowship at Kyoto University and an assistant professorship in the Department of Chemistry at Carnegie Mellon University, Dr. Tirrell returned to Amherst, where he was Barrett Professor of Polymer Science and Engineering and director of the Materials Research Laboratory. He has served as a visiting professor at universities in Australia and France and at the University of Wisconsin and currently holds an appointment as a Rotschild Fellow at the Institut Curie in Paris. Dr. Tirrell's most important contributions to chemistry and chemical engineering have come in the areas of radical copolymerization mechanism, biomimetic membrane chemistry, and development of molecular biological approaches to new polymeric materials.
