NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competencies and with regard for appropriate balance.
This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was established by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and of advising the federal government. The Council operates in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy under the authority of its congressional charter of 1863, which establishes the Academy as a private, non-profit, self-governing membership corporation. The Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in the scientific and engineering communities. It is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. The National Academy of Engineering and the Institute of Medicine were established in 1964 and 1970, respectively, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences.
NOTE ON TIMING OF RELEASE OF REPORT: This report was completed in May 1983. It was originally intended that it be released with Volume 2. However, Volume 2 has been delayed, and Volume 1 is, therefore, being issued separately.
Prepared under Contract N00014–80-C-0161 between the National Academy of Sciences and the Office of Naval Research and Contract DAMD-17–82-C-3028 between the National Academy of Sciences and the Department of the Army’s US Army Medical Research and Development Command.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This document reflects an ongoing effort by the Committee on Toxicology in the past several years to review and update earlier recommendations that were made with regard to exposure to a variety of airborne contaminants primarily of concern to the Department of Defense and to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The preparation of this document has been possible only because of the dedicated efforts of all current members of the Committee on Toxicology and many other members who previously served on the Committee.
The document has been evaluated in total by the current members of the Committee; however, much of the work was initially done by former members. The contributions of the following individuals is particularly noted: Dr. Joseph Rodricks, Environ Corporation, Washington, D.C.; Dr. Philip Watanabe, Dow Chemical USA, Midland, MI; 10. Ian Higgins, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Dr. Wendell Kilgore, University of California, Davis, CA; Dr. H.George Mandel, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C.; Dr. Charles Reinhardt, E.I. duPont de Nemours and Company, Newark, DE; and Dr. Lawrence Fishbein, National Center for Toxicological Research.
COMMITTEE ON TOXICOLOGY
Roger O.McClellan,
Lovelace Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico,
Chairman
Richard R.Bates,
Clement Associates, Arlington, Virginia
Donald J.Ecobichon,
McGill University, Montreal, Quebec
David W.Gaylor,
National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas
Peter Greenwald,
National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
Leonard T.Kurland,
Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
Howard I.Maibach,
University of California, San Francisco, California
Robert E.Menzer,
University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
Ronald C.Shank,
University of California, Irvine, California
Edward A.Smuckler,
University of California, San Francisco, California
Robert Snyder,
Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
Ronald J.Spanggord,
SRI International, Menlo Park, California
Peter Spencer,
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
Lloyd Tepper,
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., Allentown, Pennsylvania
Clarence J.Terhaar,
Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, New York
National Research Council Staff
Gary R.Keilson, Project Director
Catherine L. St. Hilaire, Staff Officer (until May 1983)
Francis N.Marzulli, Staff Officer
Norman Grossblatt, Editor
Brenda D.Spears-Contee, Secretary
BOARD ON TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH HAZARDS
Ronald W.Estabrook,
University of Texas Medical School (Southwestern), Dallas, Texas,
Chairman
Philip Landrigan,
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio,
Vice-Chairman
Edward Bresnick,
University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
Victor Cohn,
George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C.
A.Myrick Freeman,
Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine
David G.Hoel,
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
Michael Lieberman,
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
Richard Merrill,
University of Virginia Law School, Charlottesville, Virginia
Vaun A.Newill,
Exxon Corporation, New York, New York
John Peters,
University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
Joseph V.Rodricks,
Environ Corporation, Washington, D.C.
Liane Russell,
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
Charles R.Schuster, Jr.,
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
National Research Council Staff
Robert G.Tardiff, Executive Director