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TABLE OF CONTENTS Section EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................................. INTRODUCTION................................................................................. Research Problem Statement............................................................... Objectives.............................................................. Organization of This Report................................. 2. IMMOBILITY ISSUES ........................................................................ Who Are the Transportation Disadvantaged?..................................... Key Barriers to Improving Mobility .................................................... Using Public Transportation to Address the Barriers to Mobility..... Empowerment Zone and Enterprise Communities (EZ/EC) .............. Key Findings......................................................................................... Chapter References............................................................................... 3. KEY RESEARCH FINDINGS ............................................................. Summary of Key Findings.................................................................... Chapter References............................................................................... 4. GUIDE FOR ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF TRANSIT PROJECTS ... Step 1: Describe Project Characteristics and Costs ........................... Step 2: Select Economic Features, Update Unit Costs ...................... Step 3: Determine Project Patronage, Identify Mobility Benefits..... Step 4: Estimate Efficiency Benefits of Project.................................. Step 5: Calculate and Interpret Economic Indices............................. Chapter References............................................................................... 5. COMPENDIUM OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PRACTICES TO ADDRESS IMMOBILITY.............................................................. Compendium Organization.................................................................. Access to Jobs........................................................................................ Filling Mobility Gaps............................................................................ Coordination with Health and Human Services Agencies ................. Elderly Services.................................................................................... Youth Services ...................................................................................... Transit Oriented Development............................................................ Vehicle Programs.................................................................................. Chapter References............................................................................... 6. IMPLEMENTATION AND DISSEMINATION PLANS .................... Implementation Plan............................................................................ Dissemination Plan .............................................................................. Chapter References............................................................................... Page 1 1-1 1-1 1-1 1-2 2-1 2-1 2-2 2-10 2-22 2-22 2-23 3-1 3-1 3-17 4-1 4-1 4-2 4-6 4-8 4-11 4-13 4-18 5-1 6-1 5-1 5-13 5-19 5-21 5-24 5-26 5-27 5-31 6-1 6-1 6-5 6-9
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) CASE STUDIES: AC Transit District's Service Reductions Pee Dee Regional Transportation Authority's 24-Hour Rural Commute Service SEPTA Horsham Breeze Service OATS, Inc. (Columbia, Missouri) Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authorities Immediate Needs Transportation Program City of Fremont's Travel Training Project Numero Uno Market Shopper's Shuttle Service Metro-Dade Transit Agency's Medicaid Metropass Program Frui~vale BART Transit Village City of Compton's Blue Line Tellevillage Chesterfield County Coordinating Council in South Carolina List of Figures Figure Table 4-1 Recommended Steps for Economic Analysis List of Tables Selected Case Study Data . Illustrative Unit Cost Factors. 4-1 4-2 4-3 Illustrative Benefits (thousands of dollars) 4-4 Types and Values of Efficiency Benefits... 4-6 Economic Indices for Case Studies Page 4-5 4-7 4-10 4-12 4-16