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KOTOpbIX Hp~Be~eHO B r~aBe 2, DO~HbI C~y*HTb HaHa~bHOH OCHOBOH ~ paCW~peHHOH lICC~eDOBaTe~bCKOH HpOrpaMMbI. npO~O~HTeRbHOCTb HpOBe~eHMB ~HU~UamUffb! ff o6~acmu namocenoe pacc~nTaHa Ha HSTb ReT, C HaHa~OM HpOBe~eHH~ B 1 998 tHHaHCOBOM rosy. Hate Hp~BO~HTCH OU~CaHHe Ha~HO-HCCRe~OBaTe~bCKHX ~ HpOH~X Hp~MeHH~MXCH SReMeHTOB. no Mepe pat IIpOrpaMMbI, B Beaux OTpa)KeHlIR HpH06peTeHHOrO OUbITa MOryT BHOCHTbCH ~OHORH~Te~bHbIe MepOIIpII~TH~, a HeKOTOpbIe peKOMeHDOBaHHbIe MepOUpH~TH~ ~ HO~XO0bI MOryT HpeTepHeBaTb CBOM H3MeHeHHH. B cRyYae csoero ycrIemHoro paSB~THH, h,Huquamuea ~ o6~acmu namocenoe comma BHO~He eCTeCTBeHHO Hp~BeCTH K COCTORHH~ CTa6~RbHOrO ~ OTKpbITOrO COTpy~H~YeCTBa C Pocc~e~. YposeHB ~enTe~bHocT~ rapt TaKoM coTpy~H~YecTse Forced r~pe~ocTas~Tb IIplIB~eKaTe~bHbIe B03MO*HOCTH ~H 3HaH~Te~bHOrO dacha cneu~an~cTos ~3 Ka~o~ cTpaHbI HpH O~HOBpeMeHHOM COCpeDOTOYeHHM MCCReDOBaHMM Ha OrpaH~YeHHOM Lucre BbICOKOKaYeCTBeHHbIX 06~eKTOB B PoccHH. HeO6XO~HM 6RarOUpH~THbIM HO~HTHYeCKHM Kn~MaT, a Ilpe~yCMOTpeHHaH COBMeCTHaH ~eRTe~bHOCTb, B CBO~ OYepe~b, mocha cuoco6cTsosaTb y~yYmeHnio DsyxcTopoHH~x rIo~nTHYecKmx oTHomeHun. B r~ase 4 HpeDCTaB~eHa B03MO*HaR MODe~b CTa6~bHOrO COTpy~HUYeCTBa B KaHecTBe nocRe~ymmero pa3B~TH~ ~HU~UamUff~ ~ odnacmu namocenoe. OpraHn3a=0Hnas crpy~pa B c~yYae rIpoBe,QeHHN ~Huquamue-u ff odnacmu namocenoe, paccMoTpeHne ~ yTBep~eHIle Ha Me*IIpaBlITe3IbCTBeHHOM ypOBHe TeMbI paCIIIMpeHHOrO DB~CTOpOHHerO COTpy~H~YeCTBa B HaDpaBReHHM OHaCHbIX HaTOreHOB ~O~*HO 6bITb HpOBeDeHO KaK MO*HO paHbIlle. Kor~a oceHb~o ~ 996 ro~a KOM~TeT Hp~CTyHHR K 06Cy~eHHIo COTpy0H~YeCTBa C pOCCH~CK~MM KO=eraMM, pOCCH~CKHe OtHUMaRbHbIe nnua ~ yUeHbIe BbICTyHaRH B 3a~HTy CPOYHOrO PaCCMOTPeHHR MHHUMaTHBbI KOM~CCHeH HePHOMbIPRMHa-rOPa. B YaCTHOCTH, OHM Ilp~BO~H DOBO~bI, YTO yTBep~eHHe Ha Me*HpaB~TeRbCTBeHHOM ypOBHe BOO~0eBUT M~HUCTepCTBO 060pOHbI PoccHM Ha ~aCTHe ~ HOMO*eT pa3peWeHM~ MHOr~X BOUpOCOB, CBR3aHHbIX C HORMT~KOH, 6~^eTOM ~ BbIHORHeHMeM, C KOTOpbIMM CTa~K~Ba~TCH ~pyrMe y~acTsy~olUne pocc~cK~e opraH~3auu~. OKa3aJ10Cb, HTO 3KCHepUMeHTa~bHbIe HpOeKTbI He COCTaBHRH DOCTaTOYHO CHRbHOH r~porpaMMb! =H 06eCHeHeHHR PaCCMOTPeHH~ Ha YPOBHe KOM~CCHM ~epHOMbIpD~Ha-rOpa B TeYeHMe 1997 ro,qa. KpOMe TOrO, STH HpOeKTbI MOr~H 6bITb 6bICTpO BbIHORHeHbI HpH HOMOmH MHTU, up~ STOM 60nbm0H noTpe6HocTH B noRMTHHecKoM no~ep*KH Ha 60Ree BbICOKOM ypOBHe He 6bm0. o'~HaKo' pacmnpeHHaH HpOrpaMMa 3HaYnTeRbHO rIO,QH~MeT KaK HO~HTHYeCKHe, TaK ~ HayYHbIe CTaBK~, ~ Me*HpaB~TeRbCTBeHHaH no~ep*Ka MO*eT OKa3aTbCH HO~e3H0H ~ 06eCHeYeHM~ CTHMy~a B OTHOWeHHM paCW~peHHR, paBHO KaK Iloo~peHnH KOOp,~HHaLIHM cpe,~H B3aMMocBR3aHHbIx'aByxcTopoHHux MepOIIpH~THi~. KoMuTeT cHUTaeT' HTO ,ZI;JIB yCHeWHOrO HpOBeDeHHR ~HU~UamUffbl ff odnacmu namozenoe Ba;KHOe 3HaYeHMe HMeeT CH~bHaH [IO'~ep*Ka co CTOpOHbI 060MX [IpaB~TeRbCTB. KOM~TeT peKOMeH~yeT, YT06bI HpaB~Te~bCTBa ~ByX CTpaH OKa3~H HORMTH~eCKy~ HO=ep*Ky TaKOH IIporpaMMe YePe3 KOM~CCHIO ~epHOMbIp~HHa-rOpa HRM Hepe3 ~p~oH COOTBeTCTBym~H Me*HpaB~Te~bCTBeHHbIM MeXaHH3M. B ,qor~onHeH~e K HORyUeHM~ Me*HpaB~TeRbCTBeHHOH HO=ep*KH B OTHOWeHMM Nuuquamuebl ~ o6~acmu namocenoe, Ilpas~Te~bcTso CJR1A ~O~HO OKa3aTb HO~ep*Ky Ksa~nu~posaHHou TexHn~ecKo~ pa60Yen rpyr~r~e B OTHO~eHHM HpOBe~eHHR pery~BpHb~ 3aCeDaHHM C pOCCH~CKOH pa60Hen rpynnou, o6pa3osaHHoM ~nonpenapaToM secHou 1997 ro,Ja =H B3aHMO,Qe~CTBHn C KOMUTeTOM. ,3 Be pa60~He rpyrInbI MOr~H 6bI paCCMOTpeTb ,QeTaJIbHbIe BOIlpOCbI COTpy,QHHHeCTBa ,~ rIo,JroToBKH MaTepHaJIOB ,QnH Mx Ilpe,JCTaBJIeHHR HpaBUTe~bCTBaM ~ByX CTpaH. 40 C~X HOp Hpe=O~eHH~ pOCCHUCKOH pa60HeH rpynUbI oTJIM~an~cb KOHCTpyKTHBM3MoM ~ peaJIMcTHUHocTbIo. [ICXO,lHbIn COCTaB ~IeHOB pOCClIMCKOM pa60HeH rpyrUDbI Hp~BeDeH BO Bpe3Ke 2-~. 44
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HeCKO~bKHX COTeH THICK DO=apOB, HOTpaYeHHbIX Ha CHyTH~KOBbIe yCTaHOBKH B Y~a~eHHEIX MeCTaX, HaH0~06He K°RbU°B°- 3KCH~yaTaUMOHHbIe paCXO~hI TaK*e ~O~HbI y~HTbIBaTECH, TaK KaK yc~yrn 3ReKTpOHHOH HOUTbI ~ yc~yrn no HORb30BaHM~ CeTb~ ~HTepHeT MOryT 6bITb DOpOrOCTOR~HMM ~ 6e~CTBy~MX OpraHH3aUHM. ~p~H~MaH BO BH~MaHHe Ba*HOCTb STOM TeMbI ~ CHeUHa~3MpOBaHHbIM xapaKTep KOMUeTeHTHOM OUeHKH noTpe6HocTen, BbIHO~HeHMe BbICOKOKBa1IlltHUMpOBaHHbIMM cneUnanucTaMn Ha paHH~X 3Tanax COBMeCTHOH oUeHKH S~eKTPOHHBIX BO3MO)KHOCTeH CBR3H Ha KOMITReKCe BHOrIPerIaPaT MMeeT Ba~CHOe 3HaMeHMe. OCHOBHOe BH~MaHMe ~O~)KHO 6BITb HaUPaBReHO Ha MHCTHTYTbI C MO]UHEIM HOTeHUMaHOM ~H yHaCTHS B CTa6HnbHOH COBMeCTHOM ~eBTenbHOCTH. B eme O~HOH 06naCTH, CapaTOBCKHM MHCTHTyT ~yMbI ~ ~HCTHTyT B~pyCOROrHM HM. rlsaHoscKoro Ilpe~o*nn~ IIpoeKTbI rIo cosepIIIeHcTsosaHn~o xpaHeHnn ~ ncIIo~b30saHn~ ~x KOn~eKUHM ~TaMMOB, KOTOpBIe CRy~aT B KaHeCTBe CTaHDapTOB =H CTpaHbI. ~HCTHTyT 3~DeMMOnOrHM ~ M~KpO6~0ROrMM MM. raMa~eM TaK*e 06n~aeT HaUMOHaRbHbIMM STaROHHBIMM KO=eKUH~MM ~TaMMOB ~HCTHTyT HORHOMMen~Ta ~ B~pyCHbIX SHUetaRMTOB MM. ~yMaKOBa XpaH~T STaROHHylO KO=eKUMIO B CBOeH 06naCTH. P~ ~pyr~x nHcT~TyTos nMeIoT CHeUHanH3HPOBaHHMe KO~eKUMM. ~O~HO BCHHeCKH HO=ep~MBaTbCH, HTo6M pOCCH~CKHe MHCTHTyTbI CO CTaH~apTHbIMM 3T~OHHbIMM KO~ReKUM~MM H~H HpOUMMM 3HaH~Te~BHbIMM KonmeKun~Mn no,~roTas~nsaan upoeKTHbIe upe,~oxeHn~ no 60nee stteKT~sHoMy MCH0~630BaHH~ ~ COXpaHeHH~ ~TaMMOB; Te, KOTOpbIe HO~yHa~T BbICOKHe OUeHK~, ~O~HbI 6bITb paCCMOTpeHbI ,Z~ OKa3aHH~ HM HO~ep*KH. Ba*HbIM aCHeKT COBMeCTHb~ HpOeKTOB, KaCaH)ILlIIXCH ~TaMMOB HaTOreHOB, ~O~HbI COCTaBRNTb MMe~HeCH HRH no~e~amne ~pneMy HpeDH~CaHH~ H0 06eCHeHeHH~ TpaHCHapeHTHOCTH B OTHO~eHMM HpaBMR MCHO~b30BaHHR STUX ~TaMMOB. no~o6HaH TpaHCHapeHTHOCTb DO~*Ha 6bITb HORe3H0H =H 06eCHeHeHHR OTCyTCTBHR CODeilCTBH~ CO CTOPOHbI HPeRHP~H~MaeMbIX HPOeKTOB DeRTeRbHOCTH ~ HaPYWaIO~eH Me=YHaPORHbIe 06~3aTeRbCTBa B PaMKaX KOHBeHUMM O 6~0~0rHHeCKHX BM,QaX OPY)KHR. XOTH Poccun MMeeT MHOrO HOCTaHOBReHMM, per~aMeHTupyIom~x o6pa~eH~e ~ MCHO~b30BaHMe ~TaMMOB, ReTaRbHbIe rIORPO6HOCTH TaKHX HOCTaHOBReHHM W~POKO He H3BeCTHbI 3a HPeDeRaMM CTPaHbI. CPaBHeHMe HeDaBHO 06HaPOROBaHHbIX aMeP~KaHCKHX ~ POCCH~CKHX HOCTaHOB~eHMM JOR)KHO 6bITb PaCCMOTPeHO B KaMeCTBe TeMbI ~ CeM~HaPa H~H COBMeCTHOrO upoeKTa. HaKOHeU, B xo,re MCXO,QHbIX KOHCY~bTaUHM C POCCHUCK~MM KOn~eraMM 6b~H HaHaTbI 06MeHbI MHtOpMaUMeH O HOpMaTHBHbIX OCHOBaX 6~06e30HaCHocTH HpH o6pa~eH~n c OHaCHbIMM TIaTOreHaMM B ~BYX CTPaHaX. BO BPe3Ke 3- ~ HP~BeJeH CHUCOK HeKOTOPbIX yMeCTHbIX pOCCH~CKHX 3aKOHOB ~ nOCTaHOBneHHH. TaK KaK rIo'Ro6HbIe nOCTaHOBneHMR 'Ro c~x HOp HaXO~TCH Ha CTa~H pa3B~THR B o6e~x cTpaHax' Don~eH HpOBO~HTbCH nepHo~HecKHM o630p Tpe60BaHHM, KOTOpbIe MOFyT HapyWaTb HpOBeDeHHe COBMeCTHb~ HpOrpaMM. OC06bIM MHTepeC 6y,qeT Hpe~CTaBR9Tb ~pose~eHne Ha paHH~X sTanax CeM~HapOB, HOCB~eHHbIX paCCMOTpeHHIO cne,lylo~Mx BOnpOCOB: perMcTpaunH na6opaTopHn BbICOKOrO puCKa, KOHTpOnE 3a KORReK~HMM ~TaMMOB OHaCHb~ HaTOreHOB, yCTaHOBneHHe CTaH~apTOB 6~06e30HaCHocTH ~ KOHTpORb 3a Mx co6nIo~eHHeM, nOp~OK KOHTpOnH 3a nepeMe~eHn~Mn OnaCHbIX rIaToreHos Ha Tepp~TOpilil CTpaHbI ~ Me~y CTpaHaMH. BPe3Ka 3-1 II36PaHHMe POCC=CKBe 3aKOHM, YKa3b] ~ nOCTaHOBneH~R O KOHTPOne 3a onacHuMn naToreHaMn - . YKa3 POCCH0CKOrO ~pe3~eHTa o6 06eCHeHeHHM BbIHO~HeHMS Me~yHapO~HbIX 06~3aTe~bCTB B 06RaCTH 6~0~0rMUeCKHX BM~OB Opy*~S, 1l aDPe~ 1992 rO~a (YKa3 N° 390) · ~Op~OK KOHTpORH 3KCHOpTa H3 POCCH0CKOH OeAePaUMM areHTOB, BbI3bIBa~MX 3a60~eBaHHR. MX reHeTHHeCKH H3MeHeHH~X ~ODM U ~narMeHT~R reweTuve~Koro M~T~.nunnn ~ ~ ~ -- ~ ~ ~ ~ .r ~ ^ _ ~_ ^ ~ _ ~ _ ~ KOTOpblM MO*eT 6bITb MCHORb30BaH =R C03~aHH~ 6aKTepHOROrM~eCKOrO (6~0~0rM~eCKOrO) ~ TOKCHHHOrO OPY)KHR, 20 HOR6PH 1992 rO~a (PeWeHHe POCCH~CKOrO {IPaB~TeRbCTBa, N°892~. · ~HUeH3MpOBaHMe ~ yCTaHOB~eHMe KBOT Ha 3KCHOpT ~ MMHOpT 6~0~0rM~eCKOM pO~yKuHM ~ YC~Yr, BKJIK)HeHHbIX B MHCTpyKUHM ~OCyDapCTBeHHOH TaMO*eHHOrO KOM~TeTa N° 610 OT 12 ~eKa6PH 1992 rO~a. 1., 50
· ~'e~epaRbHblM 3aKOH O rOCy~apCTBeHHOM perynMpOBaHMM B 06RaCTH reHHOM MH)KeHepHM, 5 LION 1996 rota (Hp~H~T [OCy~apCTBeHHOM AYMON) ~ .. ~ ~ ~ be30nacHocTb M~KpoopraHn3Mos c rpynnon naToreHHocTn I ~ II, cape rIPaB~a 3a 1994 row, CaH~TaPHO-3rI=eMMOnOrM~eCKaR C~Y~C6a POCCHM BPeMeHHbIe [IPaB~a rIO OHaCHOM Pa60Te C PeKOM6MHaHTHOM ,Z1;HK, HaYYHbIM UeHTP 6~0~0rHHeCKMX MCCRe~OBaHMN COBeTCKOH aKaDeMHM HaYK, 1IY~HHO, 1978 rOR (HO~rOTOBReHO Me)KBe~OMCTBeHHbIM COBeTOM) . liaKa3aHIlS 3a HpecTyDneHMR HpOTHB MNpa ~ Oe30HaCHOCTH HeRoBeHecTBa: ~pOH3BOACTBO ~H paCHpOCTpaHeHMe Optic MaccoBoro yHHUTo~eHHR' pa3Denb! 355 ~ 356 POCCH~CKOrO YrOROBHOrO KOQeKCa 3a 1996 rO~. 3AMERAHIIE: 9TH 3aKOHbI, yKa3b! ~ HOCTaHOBReHMR 6bmM yKa3aHb! pOCCH~CK~MM CHeUHaH~CTaMM KaK HMelo~He oco6ylo a~a~bHOCTb ~ ~ByXCTOpOHHerO COTpy~HM~eCTBa B HaRpaBReHHM Hay~H~X MCC~e~OBaHH~ B 06~aCTH OHaCH~X HaTOreHOB. ~eRTe~bHOCTb n0 pa3pa6o'Ke ~OeKTOB B ue~x pa3pa6oTKu Ilpe~o;KeH~ ~n cosMecTHux r~poeKTos ~ no~60pa COOTBeTCTBylO~MX COTpy~H~KOB 6y~eT MMeTb Ba*HOe 3Ha~eHne p~ pa3H006pa3Hb1X MepO~pH~THM Ha paHHUX STaHaX. E*erO0HMe HpOBepKH BMHORHH~MXCH HpOeKTOB MO~T oKa3aTbcn none3HuMn ~a pyKosoacTsa oT6opoM 6ylym~x HayYHo-nccneRosaTeRbcKnx TeM rIepBocTeIIeHHoll Ba~CHOCTH. KpOMe TOrO, rIO 3aBepIlleHHIo BTOpOrO ro,Qa IIO,QpO6HOMy aHaJIH3y '~o~eH 6bITb no'~Bep~eH o6lUHn no'lxo'l C BHeCeHHeM B HerO HeO6XO~HMb1X KOppeKTHpOBOK. ,jOnORH~Te~bHO DOR;KHb! 6bITb HpOBe~eHb! cRe,lylo~He MepOnpHaTHn no pa3pa6oTKe HpOeKTOB: . KopoTKHe BM3HTbI B paMKaX o6MeHa' no3Bo~Io~He MCC~e,QOBaTe=M o6eux CTpaH pa3pa6oTaTb rIpe~o~eHHR =H no,laMM Ha KOHKypCb! no noRy~eHMIo tHHaHCHpOBaHHR; Cy6cH~H Ha rIpoe3~ ~H pOCCHUCKHX y'IeHbIX B LleJI~x MX yHaCTHR B Hay~Hb[X KOHtepeHUH~X B COe4HHeHHbIX ~TaTaX AMep~K~, r~e OHM MO~T yCTaHOB~Tb KOHTaKTbI 03HaKOM~TbCH C COCTORHHeM Me~yHapO~HOH HayKH B MX o6RacTRx' a TaK*e . ~C,UMCCTHble H~y~HMe CeM~HapM H0 H3~eHHI0 HOBb1X 06RaCTeM B03MO)KHbIX HpOeKTOB, BK~HaH CeM~HapbI, KOTOpbIe MCHORb3y~T pe3y~bTaTbI 3aBep~eHHb~ HpOeKTOB. O~aeMbIe 3aTpaTbI O)K~aeMbIe rODOBble 3aTpaTbI COe~HHeHHbIX ~TaTOB AMep~KH n0 Nnuquamuee ~ o6~acmu namocenos cocTas~T: 6,0 M~H. aMep~KaHCKHX ~O=apOB B HepBMM ro~ (1998 HHaHCOsbIn rOQ), 7,0 M~H. aMep~KaHCKHX DO=apOB BO BTOpOH rO~ (1999 +HHaHCOsbIn rOD), ~ 8,5 M~H. aMep~KaHCKHX DO~apOB B rOD B TpeTHM, HeTBepTbIM ~ H~TbIM rODbI. HeH3MeHHbIe rO~OBble 3aTpaTbI 3a HOCReDHMe TpH rODa 6Y0YT CReDY~MMM: . ~eTbIpe C HOROB~HOH MM=HOHa aMep~KaHCKHX ~O=apOB (53%) Ha HO=ep*Ky HOBbIX 15 HpOeKTOB, BBODUMbIX Ka~blM rOD B pOCCH~CKHX Hay~HO- lICC~eDOBaTeRbCKHX OpraHM3aUH~X B TeHeHMe Tpe~eTHerO CpOKa BbIHORHeHMR HpOeKTOB. 06~a~q CyMMa $HHaHCHpOBaHHR B pa3Mepe 4,5 M~H. aMep~KaHC=X DO=apOB 6y~eT Bb~eReHa B HaHa~e, a BbI~aTa 6y~eT HpOH3BOD~TbCH B xo~e sunonHeH~n upoeKTos. BbImaTa, 6e3yC~oBHO, 6yDeT 3aB~CeTb OT BbIHORHeHHR pa6OTbI B COOTBeTCTBHM C COr~aCOBaHHbIMM pabo~nMn nnaHaMn. · ~Ba C HO~OB~HOM MM=HOHa aMep~KaHCKHX ~O=apOB (29~) Ha HO=eP*KY aMep~KaHCKHX COTpy~H~KOB ~ BH3HTOB B paMKaX O6MeHa, CBR3aHHbIX C i5 HpOeKTaMM 3a TpH ro,qa, up~ TaKOM ~Ke HOp~Ke Bb~eReHH~ 6e3 BbIHRaTb! HORHOH CyMMb! DeHe*HbIX Cpe~CTB B HalIane. nOJIOB~Ha MH=HOHa aMeP~KaHCKHX ,LO=aPOB (656) Ha HO~eP)KKY ( 1) KOM~CCHM aMep~KaHCKHX CHeUMaRMCTOB HO paCCMOTpeHM~ HpOeKTHbIX Hpe=O*eHHM, (2) COBMeCTHbIX pOCClIIICKO-aMep~KaHCKHX CeM~HapOB n0 yCTaHOB~eHH~ HpHOp~TeTHbIX . . . 51
06~aCTeH COTPY0HHHeCTBa, a TaK)Ke (3) HOCe]UeHHM aMeP~KaHCKHX CnieUHa~HCTOB C Ue~bIO 113y~eHH~ pOCCH~CKHX OpraHH3aUHM C W~pOKO He H3BeCTHbIMM BO3MO*HOCTHMM, BK~HaH, HO MePe BOSMO*HOCTH, MHCTHTYTM M~H~CTePCTBa 060pOHb! PoccHH. · OATH MM=HOH aMeP~KaHCKHX ~O~aPOB ~ ~ 2~) Ha OUeHKY HPOrPaMMM, |HHaHCOBOe YIIPaBReHHe ~ COIIYTCTBY]OIUY1O BCIIOMOraTeRbHY}O ~e~TenbHOCTb B OTHO1IIeHHM ~YHuquamueb' ~ o6~acmu namocenoe, c y~acT~eM Tpex mTaTHb~x coTpy~H~Kos, paboTa~om~x Ha IIOJIHOH CTaBKe. B TeHeHHe HePBb1X RBYX neT B,UURUamUBb! ff o6f~acmu namoBenoe upoeKTHble saTpaTu 6y~yT HH*e, a 3aTpaTbI Ha pa3pa6oTKy 6y'QyT Bume. TaK~M o6pa3oM, peKOMeH,QyeMMIi ypOBeHb +MHaHCHPOBaHH~ Ha YPOBHe 6,0 M~H. aMep~KaHCKHX DO~apOB ~ 1 998 tHHaHCOBOrO ro~a IIpeDHO~araeT BBO~ TO~BKO 10 HpOeKTOB, Ha ypOBHe 7,0 M~H. aMep~KaHCKHX ~O=apOB ~ 1999 tHHaHCOBOrO ro~a Hpe~no~araeT ~ 2 HpOeKTOB, Hp~BO~ K ~ 5 HOB~M UpOeKTaM B Ka~blM H3 TpeX HOCReDH~X ~eT HpH rO~OB~X 3aTpaTaX B pa3Mepe 8,5 ~H. aMep~KaHCKHX ~o~apoB. (B Ta6~Hue E-3 Hp~Be~eHo pacHpeDeReHHe tOH~OB H0 tHHaHCOB~M rO~aM.) POCCHUCKHe tHHaHCOBMe OTH~C~eHMR 6y~yT, r~aBH~M 06pa30M, HOKpbIBaTh ~ i) HeHCHOHHMe noco6~H, rIoco6~H no 3~0pOBb~ ~ CODyTCTBy~He noco6~H ~ pOCCHUCKHX yHaCTH~KOB, a TaK~Ce (2) KOCBeHHMe HpOeKTHMe 3aTpaTbI, HOHeCeHHMe Ha pOCCH~CKHX HpeDUpH~TH~X H0 HpHH~He TOrO, HTO aMep~KaHCKHe OTH~CReHHR H0 HaKRaDH~M paCXODaM 6y~yT COCTaB=Tb TORbKO 7% OT o6~eM CyMMbI HpOeKTH~X 3aTpaT. KpOMe TOrO, pOCCH~CKHe OCB060=eHHR B OTHO~eHHM Ha~OrOB Ha ~06aBReHHy~ CTOHMOCTb ~ ~HYHble HO~OXODHble HaBOrM, B HeKOTOp~M CMbICRe, HaK~a~HBa~T Ha pOCCH~CKOe HpaB~TeRbCTBO tHHaHCOBOe 6peMn. OA=aeMbIe pe3y~bTaTbI Bbl~eH3~0*eHHblM HO~XOD 6y~eT HpeDCTaBR~Tb 3HaYNTeRbHOe 0693aTeRbCTBO, KaK COeD~HeHHb1X ~TaTOB ~ep~K~, TaK ~ Pocc~u, n0 pacmnpeHn~ Hay~HO-HCC~e~OBaTe~bCKOM DeRTeRbHOCTH ~ O6MeHY MH+OPMaUMeM B O6RaCTH KOHTPORH 6HO6e3OrIaCHOCTH B OTHOWeHMM OIIaCHbIX llaTOreHOB. nO CY~eCTBY, OH IlPORB~HeT IlPOrPaMMbI ~BYX CTPaH B ctepe HaUMOHaRbHOH 6e3onacHocTn ~ 06~eCTBeHHOrO 3~paBOOXpaHeHHR. KpOMe TOrO, HP~B~eHeHHa~ ~eRTe~bHOCTB 6Y0eT MMeTb CY1UeCTBeHHOe 3HaHeHHe ~ I1O~rOTOBKH HOMBb! ,~ cTa6~bHon ,Qo~rocpo~HoH'RenTeRBHocTH noc~e n~THReTHeH MHHUHaTHBbI. Nnuu,uamuea ~ o6~acmu namocenoe pa3paboTaHa B ueR~x co'~eNcTBH~ cHn~eHHIo BepORTHOCTH paCHpOCTpaHeHH~ OHaCHbIX TeXHOROrHM, KOHTpORb KOTOpblX Hpe3Bb~aNHO CRO*eH; CTH~HpOBaHH~ COCpe~OTOHeHH~ pOCCH~CKOH DeRTe~bHOCTH Ha T~aTe~bHO OT06paHHb1X 06~eKTaX, o6~a~a~Mx BbICOK~M Hay~HbIM HOTeHUHaROM, a TaK*e B ue~x CTHMyRMpOBaHHR HepeCTpONKH 6bIBW~X COBeTCKHX 06'beKTOB B 06RaCTH 6~0~0rM~eCKOrO Opy*~R ~ pe~eHMR HMM HOBb1X HpO6ReM B 06RaCTH 06~leCTBeHHOrO 3~paBOOXpaHeHHR. OHa TaK*e DO~Ha co~RelicTBoBaTb yKpenJIeHHIo ,lOBepHR Ha ypOBHe HpaBuTeJIbCTB ~ JIa60paTOpHM B oTHoIlIeHnH 3aKoHHocTH rIpoBo'RnMoH'1enTeRbHocTH. 52
