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Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 1999. The Changing Nature of Work: Implications for Occupational Analysis. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9600.
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Index

A

African Americans, 43, 45, 62-65, 66

military personnel, 222-223, 230-232

Age factors

education and training, 96

elderly persons, 42, 66, 77-79

gender factors and, 43, 44, 225

job stability and security, 77-79, 88, 89

military personnel, 8, 223, 224, 225, 281

minority groups, 42-43

professional and technical workers, 148-149

workforce trends, general, 41, 42-44, 63, 66

Agricultural workers, 59-60, 61, 105, 264

American Management Association, 74, 75, 98, 101

American Society for Training Developers, 95

Anthropological approach 10, 21, 23-24, 25, 48, 286

AP*NET, see Army Personnel Network

Apprentices and trainees, 179, 188

Aptitudes, 173, 182, 184, 245

attitudes toward work, 57

General Aptitude Test Battery, 337

military personnel, 240, 245

O*NET™ 184, 185, 186, 327

see also Skills

Armed Forces Qualification Test, 226

Armed Forces Vocational Aptitude Text Battery, 245

Army, see Military personnel

Army After Next, 237

Army Occupational Analysis Survey, 256

Army Personnel Network (AP*NET), 9, 259, 261, 262, 284-285

Army Vision 2010, 237, 259

AT&T, 74

Attitudes and beliefs

clerical workers, 52-55

compensation, 50-51, 52-53, 56, 57

decision-making role and, 52-53, 84-85, 106

downsizing, 75-76, 77, 100, 270

gender factors, 50-51

managers, 51, 52-55

meaning of work, 49-57, 97, 274

occupational groupings, 106

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 1999. The Changing Nature of Work: Implications for Occupational Analysis. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9600.
×

professional and technical workers, 51, 52-55

service workers, 52-55

skills and, 52-55, 57

social-psychological contracts, 97-102, 103

training/development opportunities and, 54-55

unskilled workers, 51, 52-55

Australian Standard Classification of Occupations, 174, 175, 330-331

Automation, 39, 125, 150

blue-collar workers, 116, 150

military personnel, 253-254, 260, 261, 262

service workers, 121-122, 125-126, 127

see also Computer applications

B

Beliefs, see Attitudes and beliefs

Black persons, see African Americans

Blue-collar workers, 21, 28, 41, 105, 108-121, 266, 335

automation, 116, 150

blue-collar/managerial divide, 10, 103, 108-110, 113, 114-116, 120, 160, 265, 272, 283, 285-286

cognitive skills, 110, 112, 113, 115-116, 120, 160

problem solving, 112, 114

computer use, 113-117, 120, 160

content analysis, 110-113

defined, 108

emotional work, 121

globalization of markets, 117-119

historical perspectives, 41, 108, 117-119, 159, 264, 265

interpersonal skills, 108, 109, 110, 113, 115, 121, 160

see also "teamwork" infra

military, 237, 252

occupational classification systems, 111-112, 159-160

organizational factors, 109-113, 117-121

see also "blue/collar managerial divide" supra

quality control, 110, 112-113, 117, 118, 119, 120

skills, 113-115, 160

see also "interpersonal skills" supra

team skills, 84, 85, 110-113, 114, 115-119

task analysis, 109, 111-112, 160

teamwork, 84, 85, 110-113, 114, 115-121

technological innovation, 113-117

Bureau of Census, 21, 39, 42, 43, 44, 45, 48, 85, 167

Classified Index of Occupations and Industries, 176, 177, 178

CPS, 39, 42, 48, 59, 62, 68, 87-89, 93, 177, 190, 196

SOC, use of, 178

Bureau of Labor Statistics, 59, 60-61, 95, 96, 105, 190, 261

Occupational and Employment Statistics Classification System, 168, 190, 96

Occupational Employment Statistics, 176, 177, 178, 196

C

Canadian Classification and Dictionary of Occupations, 174, 175, 332-333

Career ladders/stages, 97, 188, 234-235

managerial jobs, 81

military, 234-235, 245, 249, 262

technical workers, 153-154

Career pattern changes, 14, 86-87, 90, 204, 210-211

military, 70-71, 210-211, 234-235, 245

Census Bureau, see Bureau of Census

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 1999. The Changing Nature of Work: Implications for Occupational Analysis. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9600.
×

Classification systems, see Occupational classification systems; specific occupational categories

Classified Index of Occupations and Industries, 176, 177

Clerical workers, 121, 124, 125-126, 150, 160

attitudes toward work, 52-55

proportion of workforce, trends, 59-62 (passim)

Cognitive skills, 10, 20, 24, 71, 106, 107, 172, 272-273

blue-collar workers, 110, 112, 113, 115-116, 120, 160

managerial workers, 136, 140

O*NET™ 186, 199, 322, 324

professional and technical workers, 154-156, 158

service workers, 121, 127, 128

see also Content analysis;

Problem solving;

Skills;

Task analysis

Combat activities, 219, 227, 229, 230, 239, 241, 244, 245, 246, 247, 251-254

Common Metric Questionnaire, 172, 173, 338-339

Communication, interpersonal, see Interpersonal skills and work

Compensation, 2, 67-69, 172, 267

attitudes toward work, 50-51, 52-53, 56, 57

computer use and, 39

educational attainment and, 67

global competition, 31, 32, 266

historical trends, 50-51, 52-53, 56, 57, 67-69, 70, 71

inequality, 67-69, 72, 93, 218, 253

military personnel, 218, 222, 226-227, 253

nonstandard employment, 93

service workers, 122, 125

skills and, 67-68, 106

social-psychological contracts, 99

Comprehensive Occupational Data Analysis Program, 168, 256-257

Computer applications, 16, 36

AP*NET, 9, 259, 261, 262, 284-285

blue-collar workers, 113-117, 120, 160

digitization, 36-40, 267-268

managerial work, 134, 135

military personnel, 252-254, 255, 256, 258-259

national databases, 10-11, 159, 286, 287, 339

see also Occupational Information Network (O*NET™)

occupational analysis, general, 168

professional and technical workers, 142, 149, 150

service workers, 125, 127, 128, 131-133

skills, general, 37-40, 67

training, vii, 95-96, 239

Work Profiling System, 172, 173, 340

see also Internet

Concept For Future Joint Operations, 237

Content analysis, 3, 14-15, 27, 28, 105-163 (passim), 271-273, 277-278, 338-339

blue-collar workers, 110-113

demographic factors, 41

managerial workers, 128, 161-162

national database on work, 10-11

O*NET™ 6, 11, 184-186, 203, 279, 322

product cycle time and, 33, 266

professional and technical workers, 150, 154-157, 158, 161

service workers, 121-123, 128-132, 160

shareholder clout and, 34-35

see also Skills;

Task analysis

Contracts of employment, 25, 31, 200, 203

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 1999. The Changing Nature of Work: Implications for Occupational Analysis. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9600.
×

Contract work and workers, 75, 87, 91-94 (passim), 152, 278

training, 96

see also Self-employed persons

Counseling, 1, 11, 164

Cultural factors, 22-23

anthropological studies, 10, 21, 23-24, 25, 48, 286

corporate culture, 97, 136-137, 138-139

military personnel, 219-220, 251, 260

Current Population Survey (CPS), 39, 42, 48, 59, 62, 68, 87-89, 93, 177, 190, 196

D

Decision-making, viii, 1, 2, 3, 6, 11, 14, 18-19, 106, 107, 172, 277, 287

attitudes toward work and, 52-53, 84-85, 106

blue-collar/managerial divide, 10, 103, 108-110, 113, 114-116, 120, 160, 265, 272, 283, 285-286

career selection, 14

see also Counseling

individual, 164

ISCO, 174

military personnel, 8, 240, 251, 253-254, 260

organization-level, 73, 263-264, 276

service workers, 121-122, 128

see also Managers and management;

Selection and placement

Demand, see Supply and demand

Demographic factors, 2, 3, 4, 10, 15, 16, 28, 40-49, 57, 285

content analysis, 41

historical trends, 28, 41, 42-49, 59-67, 71-72, 265-266

age factors, workforce trends, 41, 42-44, 63, 66

blue-collar workers, 41, 108, 117-119, 159, 264, 265

change across occupations, 59-62

change within occupations, 62-67, 263

clerical workers, workforce trends, 59-62 (passim)

gender factors in workforce, general, 16, 28, 41-49 (passim), 63-66, 70

managerial work, 42-43, 52-53, 59-62, 64-65, 81-82

military personnel, 8, 216, 222-235

professional workers, trends, 51, 52-55, 59-62 (passim)

service workers, trends, 59-62 (passim), 121, 130

unskilled workers, 59-62 (passim)

occupational classification systems, 41, 42, 67, 69-70

organizational factors, 40-41

professional and technical workers, 51, 52-55, 59-62 (passim), 148-149

service sector, 59-62 (passim), 121, 130

teamwork, 42-43, 120

worklife duration, 45-49, 218

see also Age factors;

Educational attainment;

Family factors;

Gender factors;

Immigrants;

Minority groups

Department of Labor

Dictionary of Occupational Titles, 7, 22, 23, 167, 168-169, 181-183, 264, 332

O*NET™ 6, 178, 206, 209

regulatory programs, 18

see also Bureau of Labor Statistics

Deregulation, 31, 34

Development Dimensions International, 85

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 1999. The Changing Nature of Work: Implications for Occupational Analysis. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9600.
×

Dictionary of Occupational Titles, 7, 22, 23, 167, 168-169, 181-183, 264, 332

O*NET™ 7, 186, 190, 191, 197, 203, 209, 210, 280, 321

task analysis, 181, 182, 183

see also Occupational Information Network

Digitization, 36-40, 267-268

see also Computer applications

Dimensions of work, 40, 105-163

Dislocation Worker Surveys, 82

Downsizing, 34-35, 73, 74-81, 151, 267, 269-270

attitudes and beliefs, 75-76, 77, 100, 270

globalization and, 17, 32

managers, 75, 103, 269

military, 8, 221-222, 240, 249, 283

social-psychological contracts, 99-100

E

Earnings, see Compensation

Economic factors, 24-25

mergers, acquisitions, and joint ventures, 34, 86, 87

military personnel, socioeconomic status, 226-227

small and medium-sized businesses, 74, 121, 122, 126, 131, 214

see also Compensation;

Globalization of markets;

Market forces

Educational attainment, 3, 16, 45, 63-65

military personnel, 223, 226

O*NET™ 184-185, 186, 188, 323

service workers, 122, 132

wages and salaries, 67

Education and training, 1, 24, 64-65, 66, 95-97, 168, 170, 173, 331

apprentices and trainees, 179, 188

attitudes toward work, 54-55

computer applications, vii, 95-96, 239

gender factors, 96

historical perspectives, 95, 96-97

managers, 54, 95

military personnel, vii, 2, 9, 210, 217, 237, 239-240, 242-243, 245, 252-253, 254, 258, 260, 262

professional networking, 90-91

service workers, 125, 128-130

teamwork, cross-training, 84

technological innovation, 95

see also Knowledge factors;

Skills

Elderly persons, 42, 66, 77-79

Electronic Performance Support Systems, 96

Emotional work, 106, 108, 121, 122, 137-138, 199, 201, 244, 251, 273, 277, 282

blue-collar workers, 121

gender factors, 201

managerial workers, 138

military personnel, 251

professional workers, 156-157, 158, 161

service workers, 122

Employee development, 95-97, 168

attitudes toward work, 54-55

see also Counseling;

Education and training

Employment, nonstandard, 31, 58, 91-94, 102-103

compensation, 93

home work, 26, 27, 48, 71-72

self-employed persons, 91, 94, 146, 207

telecommuters, 13, 48

volunteer work, 26, 178

Enumerative systems, 169-171, 173-174, 197, 329-333

Environmental factors, vii, 2, 27, 30-72, 164, 170, 264-273

military personnel, 222-243

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 1999. The Changing Nature of Work: Implications for Occupational Analysis. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9600.
×

O*NET™ 185-186, 279, 280, 324

see also Demographic factors;

Economic factors;

Market forces;

Organizational factors;

Technological factors

Ethnography, see Anthropological approach

F

Fair Labor Standards Act, 108

Families of jobs, see Job families

Family and Medical Leave Act, 18

Family factors, 8, 16, 17, 18, 28

family-operated enterprises, 179

military personnel, 220, 225, 281

networking, 89-90

Farm workers, see Agricultural workers

Federal government

occupational classification/analysis systems, not SOC, 167

see also Army Personnel Network (AP*NET);

Occupational Information Network (O*NET™)

SOC, 7, 168-169, 174, 176, 177-181, 333

see also specific departments and agencies;

terms beginning "Military . . ."

Fertility, 43

Financial markets, 33-35, 267

Fleishman Job Analysis System, 172, 173, 186, 335-336

Force XXI Operations, 251, 252, 255-256

Foreign countries, see International perspectives

G

Gender factors, 3

age factors and, 43, 44, 225

attitudes toward work, 50-51

education and training, 96

emotional work, 201

historical perspectives, 16, 28, 41-49 (passim), 63-66, 70

military personnel, 8, 223, 224-225, 227-230, 281

nonstandard employment, 91

occupational classification systems, 61-62

service workers, 121, 133

unpaid work, 26

workforce, general, 16, 28, 41-49 (passim), 63-66, 70

worklife expectancy, 45-47

work timing, 57

General Accounting Office, 85

General Aptitude Text Battery, 327

General Social Survey, 49-51, 56-57

General Work Inventory, 172, 173, 337-338

Germany, 39

Globalization of markets, 16-17, 31, 71, 266-267

blue-collar workers, 117-119

compensation, 31, 32, 266

downsizing and, 17, 32

financial markets, 34, 35-36

foreign direct investment, 32, 118

organizational factors, 32, 35

technological factors, 31, 32-33

Group performance, see Team skills; Teamwork

H

Handbook for Analyzing Jobs, 182

High-performance work systems, 109-110, 130, 189, 264, 272, 274, 278

Hiring, see Recruitment, military; Selection and placement

Hispanics, 43, 45, 64-66

military personnel, 223, 230-232

Hours of work, 4, 47-49, 56, 58, 275

part-time employment, 57-58, 92, 93

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 1999. The Changing Nature of Work: Implications for Occupational Analysis. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9600.
×

shift work, 57-59

temporary employment, 20, 75, 92-93, 94

Human Performance Practices survey, 95

I

Immigrants, 3

networking, 89-90

Index of Industries and Occupations, 177

Individual performance, vii, 23, 111, 164

military personnel, 224, 225-226, 240

social-psychological contracts, 99

Industrial relations, 10, 11, 16, 18, 23-24, 25, 86-102, 107-108, 270-271, 278, 286

managerial workers, 139

social-psychological contracts, 97-102, 103

trade unions, 31, 32, 67, 90, 99

see also Job security and stability

Information technology, see Computer applications; Digitization; Technological factors

Interdisciplinary approaches, see Multidisciplinary approaches; Teamwork

International perspectives

Australian Standard Classification of Occupations, 174, 175, 330-331

Canadian Classification and Dictionary of Occupations, 174, 175, 332-333

foreign direct investment, 32, 118

ISCO, 174-176, 179, 329-330, 332

military

joint operations, 8, 237, 250, 281

mission change, 4, 8, 9, 18-19, 29, 217, 235-237, 244, 245, 247, 248, 252, 260, 282-283, 284

Netherlands Standard Classification of Occupations, 174, 175, 331-332

occupational classification systems, other than ISCO, 169, 173

see also Globalization of markets

International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO), 174-176, 179, 329-330, 332

Internet, 16, 37, 127, 205, 209-211, 217, 250, 259

Interpersonal skills and work, ix, 8, 29, 71, 106, 107, 172, 273, 335

blue-collar workers, 108, 109, 110, 113, 115, 121, 160

military, 250-251

O*NET™ 187, 199, 322, 324

professional and technical workers, 156-157, 158, 161

see also Emotional work;

Managers and management;

Service workers;

Team skills;

Teamwork

J

Japan, 37, 116, 118-119, 135, 139

Job descriptions, 1, 5, 103-104, 169-171, 173, 277-278, 334-340

blue-collar workers, 108, 109

interdisciplinary, 10

ISCO, 174

managers, 10

military personnel, 167, 256-257, 260, 261, 262, 264

national database on work, 10-11

O*NET™ 6, 184-185, 188-189, 190, 199-200, 205, 262, 264, 322, 324-326

see also Dictionary of Occupational Titles;

Task analysis

Job families, 6, 106, 170, 173, 179, 180, 273, 277, 330-331, 332, 337

ISCO, 330-331

O*NET™ 6, 324-325

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 1999. The Changing Nature of Work: Implications for Occupational Analysis. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9600.
×

Job security and stability, 52-53, 56, 64-65, 71, 74-81, 269-270

age factors, 77-79, 88, 89

defined, 76

historical perspectives, 64-65, 76-79, 80-81, 87, 269

managerial workers, 75, 81-82, 103, 140, 269

nonstandard workers, 93-94

see also Temporary employment

social-psychological contracts, 97-102, 103

see also Downsizing;

Temporary employment

Job titles, 6, 92, 104, 118, 132, 167, 169, 177, 277-278, 279, 331, 332, 333

O*NET™ 191, 196, 200-201, 211, 212

see also Dictionary of Occupational Titles

Joint operations, military, 8, 237, 250, 281

Joint ventures, see Mergers, acquisitions, and joint ventures

The Joint Vision 2010, 237

K

Knowledge factors, 1, 2, 170, 266-267

defined, 188

military personnel, 240, 244, 251, 254, 260, 261, 262, 284

O*NET™ 185, 186, 187, 188, 284, 323

see also Educational attainment;

Education and training;

Military occupational specialities;

Skills

L

Laborers, see Unskilled workers

Legal factors, 11, 15, 16, 17-18, 274

deregulation, 31, 34

globalization, 31

military personnel, 218-219, 224

social-psychological contracts, 97-102, 103

Legislation, specific, 17

Fair Labor Standards Act, 108

Family and Medical Leave Act, 18

National Labor Relations Act, 108

Wagner-Peyser Act, 167

Life expectancy, 45-46

see also Worklife duration

M

Managers and management, 2, 8, 10, 17, 18-19, 28, 134-140, 159, 161-162, 267, 324, 335, 339

attitudes toward work, 51, 52-55

basis for assessing other jobs, 23

blue-collar/managerial divide, 10, 103, 108-110, 113, 114-116, 120, 160, 265, 272, 283, 285-286

cognitive skills, 136, 140

computer applications, 134, 135

content analysis, 128, 161-162

demographic factors, 42-43, 52-53, 59-62, 64-65, 81-82

digital technology, 40

downsizing, 75, 103, 269

emotional work, 138

hierarchies, flattening of, 32, 73, 81-86, 87, 103, 107, 270, 271

job security and stability, 75, 81-82, 103, 140, 269

military, 246, 248, 252, 261, 262

networking, 90-91

proportion of workforce, historical trends, 59-62 (passim), 81-82

quality control, 136-137

service workers, 128

SOC, 179, 180

team skills, 86, 136-138, 140, 211-213

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 1999. The Changing Nature of Work: Implications for Occupational Analysis. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9600.
×

technological innovation, 40, 134, 135

training, 54, 95

Manpower and Personnel Integration, 239-240

Marital status, military personnel, 223, 225

Market forces, 2, 3, 4, 5, 15, 30-36, 71, 86, 266-267, 333

financial markets, 33-35, 267

managerial work, 134-135

O*NET™ 185, 186

see also Globalization of markets;

Supply and demand

Media influences, 75-76, 77, 85

Men, see Gender factors

Mergers, acquisitions, and joint ventures, 34, 86, 87

Military Occupational Databank, 256

Military occupational specialties, 9, 168, 197, 233-235, 245-249, 250, 252-253, 257-259

gender breakdowns, 227-228

O*NET™ 7, 9, 196

racial/ethnic factors, 222-223, 230-232

Military personnel, vii, 2, 7-9, 28, 216-262, 280-285, 337-338

African Americans, 222-223, 230-232

age factors, 8, 223, 224, 225, 281

AP*NET, 9, 259, 261, 262, 284-285

aptitudes, 240, 245

automation, 253-254, 260, 261, 262

budgetary considerations, 221

career ladders/stages, 234-235, 245, 249, 262

career pattern changes, 70-71, 210-211, 234-235, 245

combat activities, 219, 227, 229, 230, 239, 241, 244, 245, 246, 247, 251-254

compensation, 218, 222, 226-227, 253

computer applications, 252-254, 255, 256, 258-259

cultural factors, 219-220, 251, 260

decision-making, 8, 240, 251, 253-254, 260

demographics, 8, 216, 222-235, 281

downsizing, 8, 221-222, 240, 249, 283

educational attainment, 223, 226

education and training, vii, 2, 9, 210, 217, 237, 239-240, 242-243, 245, 252-253, 254, 258, 260, 262

emotional work, 251

environmental factors, general, 222-243

family factors, 220, 225, 281

gender factors, 8, 223, 224-225, 227-230, 281

Hispanics, 223, 230-232

historical perspectives, 167, 256

demographics, 8, 216, 222-235, 281

mission change, 4, 8, 9, 18-19, 29, 217, 221, 235-237, 244, 252

individual performance, 224, 225-226, 240

interpersonal skills, 250-251

joint operations, 8, 237, 250, 281

key features, 216-222

knowledge factors, 240, 244, 251, 254, 260, 261, 262, 284

legal environment, 218-219, 224,

managers, 246, 248, 252, 261, 262

marital status, 223, 225

minorities, 222-223, 230-232

mission change, 4, 8, 9, 18-19, 29, 217, 235-237, 244, 245, 247, 248, 252, 260, 282-283, 284

occupational classification, general, vii-viii, 180

O*NET™ 7, 9, 196, 206, 259, 262, 280, 284-285

primary vs duty occupations, 232-235

recruitment, 9, 225-226, 245, 248-249, 260, 262

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 1999. The Changing Nature of Work: Implications for Occupational Analysis. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9600.
×

reserve personnel, 240, 241, 242-244, 248, 281

skills, 8, 240, 243, 247-248, 250-251, 252-253, 261, 262, 281, 284

SOC, 180

task analysis, 256-257, 262, 264, 284

see also Military occupational specialities

teamwork, 111, 238-239, 244, 251, 256, 260

see also "combat activities" supra

technological innovation, 8, 210, 237-240, 245, 247, 252-253, 281-282, 284

telecommunications, 238-239, 250, 259, 260, 261

Minnesota Job Description Questionnaire, 186-187

Minority groups, 3, 16, 43, 45, 63-66

age factors, 42-43

immigrants, 3, 89-90

military personnel, 222-223, 230-232

networking, 89, 90

service workers, 121

see also specific groups

Mission change, military, 4, 8, 9, 18-19, 29, 217, 235-237, 244, 245, 247, 248, 252, 260, 282-283, 284

joint operations, 8, 237, 250, 281

Multidisciplinary approaches, 9, 23-27, 263, 285

see also Team skills;

Teamwork

Multipurpose Occupational Systems Analysis Inventory-Close Ended, 172, 173, 339-340

N

National Association of Staffing Services, 93

National Center on the Educational Quality of the Workplace, 85

National Employer Survey, 85

National Establishment Survey, 85

National Guard, 240, 241, 242, 244, 248

National Labor Relations Act, 108

National Occupational Classification, 333

National Occupational Information Coordinating Committee, 7, 196, 280

National Skills Standards Board, 91

Naval Air Warfare Center Training Systems Division, 111

Netherlands Standard Classification of Occupations, 174, 175, 331-332

Nonstandard employment, see Employment, nonstandard

O

Occupational Analysis Inventory, 336-337, 338

Occupational analysis systems, general, vii-viii, 1-3, 6-7, 14, 164-215, 276-280, 330-340

blue-collar workers, 111-112

decision aids, 11, 19-20

defined, 21, 22, 165, 166, 227-257

demographic factors, 42, 61-62

framework, 15

history of, general, 166-169, 171, 178

military, 2, 7, 9, 27, 216-262

see also Military occupational specialities;

Military personnel

organizational factors, 29, 197-198

service workers, 121

teamwork, 83, 111-112

types of, 169-197

see also Aptitudes;

Content analysis;

Knowledge factors;

Occupational Information Network (O*NET™);

Skills;

Task analysis

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 1999. The Changing Nature of Work: Implications for Occupational Analysis. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9600.
×

Occupational and Employment Statistics Classification System, 168, 190, 196

Occupational classification systems, vii-viii, 1, 6, 14, 27, 61, 103, 158-163, 165, 276-280

Australian Standard Classification of Occupations, 174, 175, 330-331

blue-collar workers, 111-112, 159-160

Canadian Classification and Dictionary of Occupations, 174, 175, 332-333

defined, 21, 22, 165

demographic factors, general, 41, 42, 67, 69-70

gender factors, 61-62

historical perspectives, 21-23, 164, 166-169, 171, 178, 179, 264

ISCO, 174-176, 179, 329-330, 332

managerial workers, 161-162

military, 27, 167, 168, 244-249, 253, 337-338

see also Military occupational specialities

Netherlands Standard Classification of Occupations, 174, 175, 331-332

O*NET™ 6-7, 169, 279

organizational factors, 83, 86, 103-194, 197-198, 278

product cycle time and, 33

professional workers, 141-146, 161

recruitment, 165

service workers, 123, 160-161

teamwork, 83, 86, 165-166

technical workers, 141-146, 179

types of, 169-171, 172, 173

United Kingdom, 38-39, 174, 175, 332

U.S., major systems, 176-201

SOC, 7, 168-169, 174, 176

see also Dictionary of Occupational Titles;

Occupational Information Network (O*NET™);

Standard Occupational Classification

see also Content analysis;

Enumerative systems;

Job descriptions;

Task analysis;

specific occupational categories

Occupational Employment Statistics, 176, 177, 178, 196

Occupational families, see Job families

Occupational Information Network (O*NET™) 6-7, 9, 169, 178, 183-213, 278-279, 321-328, 332

AP*NET, 9, 259, 261, 262, 284-285

aptitudes, 184, 185, 186, 327

classification systems, general, 6-7, 169, 279

cognitive skills, 186, 199, 322, 324

computer screen samples, 192-194

content analysis/model, 6, 11, 184-186, 203, 279, 322

data collection, 11, 202-205, 207-208, 213-214, 286, 321-322

Department of Labor, 6, 178, 206, 209

descriptive information, 6, 184-185, 188-189, 190, 199-200, 205, 262, 264, 322, 324-326

Dictionary of Occupational Titles and, 7, 186, 190, 191, 197, 203, 209, 210, 280, 321

educational attainment, 184-185, 186, 188, 323

enumerative aspects, 6, 7, 196, 197

environmental factors, general, 185-186, 279, 280, 324

field test and prototype evaluation, 190-191, 204-205, 207-208, 321-328

interpersonal skills, 187, 199, 322, 324

job families, 6, 324-325

job titles, 191, 196, 200-201, 211, 212

knowledge factors, 185, 186, 187, 188, 284, 323

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 1999. The Changing Nature of Work: Implications for Occupational Analysis. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9600.
×

market forces, 185, 186

military occupational specialties, 7, 9, 196

military personnel, 7, 9, 196, 206, 259, 262, 280, 284-285

AP*NET, 9, 259, 261, 262, 284-285

organizational factors, 185-186, 189, 197, 203-204

ownership, control, and liability, 206

selection and placement, 184, 185, 327-328

skills, 184, 185, 186, 187-188, 194, 195, 322-324

task analysis, 185, 186, 189, 264, 284

team skills, 199, 200-201, 204, 209, 211-213

technological factors, 205, 209

Occupational safety and health, 18

hazardous materials, 183, 189

military personnel, 240

O*NET™ 190

Occupational Values Questionnaire, 186-187

Office of Personnel Management, 173, 339

O*NET™, see Occupational Information Network

Operational Data, Analysis, and Structure system, 258

Organizational factors, vii, 1-6 (passim), 10, 14, 15, 18-20, 23-24, 27, 28-29, 73-104, 164, 268-269

blue-collar/managerial divide, 10, 103, 108-110, 113, 114-116, 120, 160, 265, 272, 283, 285-286

blue-collar workers, other, 109-113, 117-121

blurring boundaries, 10, 28-29, 83, 102-103, 105-106, 108-110, 113, 114-116, 119, 120, 124, 127, 141, 146, 158, 160, 161, 256, 263, 272, 283, 285

military personnel, 254-255, 256, 283

see also "hierarchies" infra

corporate culture, 97, 136-137, 138-139

decision-making, organizational level, 73, 263-264, 276

demographics, 40-41

globalization, 32, 35

hierarchies, flattening of, 32, 73, 81-86, 87, 103, 107, 270, 271

horizontal division of labor, 28, 107, 110, 136, 151-154, 157, 158, 162, 163, 255, 268, 269, 270

see also Team skills;

Teamwork

mergers, acquisitions, and joint ventures, 34, 86, 87

military personnel, 8, 216, 217-222, 225, 237, 240-243, 254-256

downsizing, 8, 221-222, 240

mission change, 4, 8, 9, 18-19, 29, 217, 235-237, 240-241, 244, 245, 247, 248, 252, 260, 282-283, 284

occupational classification systems, 83, 86, 103-194, 197-198, 278

O*NET™ 185-186, 189, 197, 203-204

professional bureaucracies, 146-147, 151-152

psychological approaches, 10, 21, 23-24, 25, 97-102

technological innovation, 19, 20, 87

see also Downsizing;

Industrial relations;

Managers and management;

Team skills;

Teamwork

Outsourcing, see Contract work and workers; Self-employed persons

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 1999. The Changing Nature of Work: Implications for Occupational Analysis. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9600.
×

P

Part-time employment, 57-58, 92, 93

see also Temporary employment

Placement, see Selection and placement

Position Analysis Questionnaire, 171-173, 327-328, 334-335

Price factors, 31-32, 266

Problem solving, 5, 33, 187, 260, 274

blue-collar workers, 112, 114

Professional and Managerial Position Questionnaire, 335

Professional associations, 90-91

Professional workers, 141-144, 146-158, 161, 264

age factors, 148-149

attitudes toward work, 51, 52-55

bureaucracies, 146-147, 151-152

cognitive skills, 154-156, 158

computer applications, 142, 149, 150

content analysis, 150, 154-157, 158, 161

demographic factors, 51, 52-55, 59-62 (passim), 148-149

downsizing, 75

emotional work, 156-157, 158, 161

historical perspectives, 51, 52-55, 59-62 (passim), 105, 141, 146, 147-148, 149, 264-265

interpersonal skills, 150, 156-157, 158, 161

networking, education and, 90-91

occupational classification systems, general, 141-146, 161

proportion of workforce, trends, 59-62 (passim), 105

skills, 150, 156-157, 158, 161

SOC, 179

technological factors, 147-148, 149-151

see also Managers and management;

Military occupational specialties

Promotion, 51, 56, 87, 101-102, 262, 270

Psychological approaches, vii, viii, 2, 20, 167, 340

industrial/organizational, 10, 21, 23-24, 25, 97-102

military personnel testing, 167, 251

social-psychological contracts, 97-102, 103

see also Attitudes and beliefs

Public Employment Service, 210

Q

Quality control, 2, 17, 20, 33, 71, 83, 95, 108

blue-collar workers, 110, 112-113, 117, 118, 119, 120

managerial workers, 136-137

service workers, 123, 125, 126, 133

Quality of life, 15

R

Recruitment, 96, 97, 165

military, 9, 225-226, 245, 248-249, 260, 262

see also Selection and placement

Regulatory issues, see Legal factors

Reserve personnel, military, 240, 241, 242-244, 248, 281

S

Salaries, see Compensation

Sales workers, 21, 52-53, 59, 60, 61, 84, 105, 119-125 (passim), 129-131

Selection and placement, 1, 24, 97, 165, 168, 172, 260, 281

O*NET™ 184, 185, 327-328

see also Promotion;

Recruitment

Self-employed persons, 91, 94, 146, 207

see also Contract work and workers

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 1999. The Changing Nature of Work: Implications for Occupational Analysis. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9600.
×

Service workers, 10, 13, 17, 21, 28, 121-133, 160-161, 266, 285

attitudes toward work, 52-55

automation, 121-122, 125-126, 127

cognitive skills, 121, 127, 128

compensation, 122, 125

computer applications, 125, 127, 128, 131-133

content analysis, 121-123, 128-132, 160

decision-making, 121-122, 128

defined, 121, 123

demographics, 59-62 (passim), 121, 130

educational attainment, 122, 132

education and training of, 125, 128-130

emotional work, 122

gender factors, 121, 133

historical perspectives, 52-55, 59-62, 121, 124-125, 133

managerial work, 128

minority groups, 121

occupational classification systems, 123, 160-161

proportion of workforce, trends, 59-62 (passim), 121

quality control, 123, 125, 126, 133

skills, 121-123, 128-132

specialist, 128-129

task analysis, 121, 125

team skills, 84

technological factors, 125, 127, 128, 131-133

telecommunications, 125-126, 127

unskilled, 125-126

see also Clerical workers;

Sales workers

Sex-based factors, see Gender factors

Shareholder interests, 34-35, 274

foreign investors, 32, 118

managerial workers, 137

Shift work, 57-59

Simulation training, military, vii, 239

Skills, vii, 1, 2, 13, 29, 66, 67, 106, 170, 172, 266-267, 330-333

attitudes toward work and, 52-55, 57

blue-collar workers, 113-115, 160

compensation, 106

computer applications, general, 37-40, 67

Dictionary of Occupational Titles, 183

digitization, 37-40

ISCO, 174, 329

managerial workers, 136-137

military personnel, 8, 240, 243, 247-248, 250-251, 252-253, 261, 262, 281, 284

O*NET™ 184, 185, 186, 187-188, 194, 195, 322-324

professional and technical workers, 150, 156-157, 158, 161

service workers, 121-123, 128-132

technological innovation and, 36, 37-40, 71, 127

wages and, 67-68, 106

see also Aptitudes;

Cognitive skills;

Educational attainment;

Education and training;

Interpersonal skills and work;

Team skills;

Unskilled workers

Small and medium-sized businesses, 74, 121, 122, 126, 131, 214

Social Change and Economic Life Initiative, 38-39

Social-psychological contracts 97-102, 103

Social Science Research Council, 167

Sociology and social factors, 1, 2, 5, 10, 14, 15, 24, 25, 107-108, 286

anthropological studies, 10, 21, 23-24, 25, 48, 286

networking opportunities, 89

research trends, 10, 20-21

see also Cultural factors;

Demographic factors;

Family factors;

Interpersonal skills and work

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 1999. The Changing Nature of Work: Implications for Occupational Analysis. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9600.
×

Standard Occupational Classification (SOC), 168-169, 174, 176, 177-181, 333

British, 332

managerial workers, 179, 180

O*NET™ 7, 178, 196, 197, 205, 208, 213, 280

Supply and demand, 4, 146

see also Downsizing

T

Task analysis, 20, 106, 107, 170, 172, 173, 272, 277-278, 331-332, 340

blue-collar workers, 109, 111-112, 160

demographics and, 42

Dictionary of Occupational Titles, 181, 182, 183

ISCO, 174

military personnel, 256-257, 262, 264, 284

see also Military occupational specialities

O*NET™ 185, 186, 189, 264, 284

service workers, 121, 125

technical workers, 3, 19

technology of, 3, 19

see also Cognitive skills;

Content analysis

Task taxonomies, 9, 19, 24, 186, 261, 262, 335-336

Team skills, vii, 5, 29, 72, 83-84, 97, 277

blue-collar workers, 84, 85, 110-113, 114, 115-119

cross-training, 84

managerial workers, 86, 136-138, 140, 211-213

O*NET™ 199, 200-201, 204, 209, 211-213

service workers, 84

Teamwork, 5, 8, 19, 20, 28-29, 33, 83-86, 97, 135, 270, 271, 272, 274

blue-collar workers, 84, 85, 110-113, 114, 115-121

demographic factors, 42-43, 120

historical perspectives, 42-43, 83, 85, 120

military, 111, 238-239, 244, 251, 256, 260

see also Combat activities

occupational classification systems, 83, 86, 165-166

unskilled workers, 83-84

Technical workers, 28, 105, 141-158, 161, 264, 324

age factors, 148-149

attitudes toward work, 52-55

career ladders/stages, 153-154

cognitive skills, 154-156, 158

computer applications, 142, 149, 150

content analysis, 150, 154-157, 158, 161

downsizing, 75

historical perspectives, 51, 52-55, 59-62 (passim), 141, 146, 147-148, 149, 264

interpersonal skills, 156-157, 158, 161

military personnel, 210, 231-234 (passim), 246, 252-254, 262

occupational classification systems, 141-146

SOC, 179

skills, 150, 156-157, 158, 161

task analysis, 3, 19

technological factors, 147-148, 149-151

training, 95

see also Military occupational specialties

Technological factors, 2, 3, 4, 10, 15-16, 26, 36-40, 71, 108, 272-273, 275-276

blue-collar workers, 113-117

global competition, 31, 32-33

high-performance work systems, 109-110, 130, 189, 264, 272, 274, 278

high-tech communities, 87

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 1999. The Changing Nature of Work: Implications for Occupational Analysis. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9600.
×

historical perspectives, 15-16, 36-37, 40

managerial work, 40, 134, 135

military, 8, 210, 237-240, 245, 247, 252-253, 281-282, 284

O*NET™ 205, 209

organizational, 19, 20, 87

professional and technical workers, 147-148, 149-151

service workers, 125, 127, 128, 131-133

skills, general, 36, 37-40, 71, 127

training, 95

see also Automation;

Computer applications

Telecommunications, 37, 74, 130-132

Internet, 16, 37, 127, 205, 209-211, 217, 250, 259

military personnel, 238-239, 250, 259, 260, 261

service workers, 125-126, 127

Telecommuters, 13, 48

Temporary employment, 20, 75, 92-93, 94

see also Part-time employment

Titles, see Job titles

Total Personnel Command, 249

Towers Perrin, 85, 101-102

Trade unions, 31, 32, 67, 90

networking, 90

social-psychological contracts, 99

Training, see Education and training; Employee development

U

Unions, see Trade unions

United Kingdom, 38-39, 174, 175, 332

Unskilled workers, 13, 150, 268

attitudes toward work, 51, 52-55

proportion of workforce, trends, 59-62 (passim)

service workers, 125-126

teamwork, 83-84

V

Values, see Attitudes and beliefs

Volunteer work, 26, 178

W

Wages and earnings, see Compensation

Wagner-Peyser Act, 167

War Manpower Commission, 167-168

White-collar workers, see Managers and management; Professional workers

Women, see Gender factors

Wonderlic test, 327

Worklife duration, 45-49

military personnel, 218

see also Job security and stability

Work Profiling System, 172, 173, 340

WorkTrends™ 49, 51, 57, 84-85, 96, 100, 105-106

World Wide Web, see Internet

Suggested Citation:"Index." National Research Council. 1999. The Changing Nature of Work: Implications for Occupational Analysis. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9600.
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The Changing Nature of Work: Implications for Occupational Analysis Get This Book
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Although there is great debate about how work is changing, there is a clear consensus that changes are fundamental and ongoing. The Changing Nature of Work examines the evidence for change in the world of work. The committee provides a clearly illustrated framework for understanding changes in work and these implications for analyzing the structure of occupations in both the civilian and military sectors.

This volume explores the increasing demographic diversity of the workforce, the fluidity of boundaries between lines of work, the interdependent choices for how work is structured-and ultimately, the need for an integrated systematic approach to understanding how work is changing. The book offers a rich array of data and highlighted examples on:

  • Markets, technology, and many other external conditions affecting the nature of work.
  • Research findings on American workers and how they feel about work.
  • Downsizing and the trend toward flatter organizational hierarchies.
  • Autonomy, complexity, and other aspects of work structure.

The committee reviews the evolution of occupational analysis and examines the effectiveness of the latest systems in characterizing current and projected changes in civilian and military work. The occupational structure and changing work requirements in the Army are presented as a case study.

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