Appendix D
Acronyms and Abbreviations
ACerS—
American Ceramic Society
ACSL—
Advanced Chemical Sciences Laboratory
ADL—
architecture description language
AEC—
architecture-engineering-construction
AES—
Auger electron spectroscopy; advanced encryption standard
AFIS—
Automated Fingerprint Identification System
AFM—
atomic force microscopy
AHP—
analytical hierarchy process
AML—
Advanced Measurement Laboratory
ANSI—
American National Standards Institute
AP—
application protocol
API—
application programming interfaces
APS—
American Physical Society
ASCE—
American Society of Civil Engineers
ASHRAE—
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-conditioning Engineers
ASTM—
American Society for Testing and Materials
ATM—
asynchronous transfer mode
ATP—
Advanced Technology Program
BACnet—
Building Automation and Controls Network
BEC—
Bose-Einstein Condensation
BEES—
Building for Environmental and Economic Sustainability
BFRL—
Building and Fire Research Laboratory
BIPM—
Bureau International des Poids et Mésures
BMCD—
Biological Macromolecule Crystallization Database
BRDF—
bidirectional reflectance distribution function
BSED—
backscatter electron diffraction
CAD—
computer-aided design
CAM—
computer-aided manufacturing
CARB—
Center for Advanced Research in Biotechnology
CBS—
Cybernetic Building Systems
CD—
critical dimension
CFD—
computational fluid dynamics
CHRNS—
Center for High Resolution Neutron Scattering
CICE—
Computer-Integrated Construction Environment
CIKS—
computer-integrated knowledge systems
CIRMS—
Council on Ionizing Radiation Measurements and Standards
CIS—
closed ion source
CMM—
coordinated measuring machine
CMOS—
complementary metal oxide semiconductor
CRADA—
Cooperative Research and Development Agreement
CRDS—
cavity ring-down spectrometry
CSIRO—
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisations
CSTL—
Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory
CTCMS—
Center for Theoretical Computational Materials Science
DARPA—
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
DASE—
Digital TV Application Software Environment
EBIT—
electron beam ion trap
EDFA—
erbium-doped fiber amplifier
EDS—
energy-dispersive spectrometer
EEEL—
Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory
EMC—
electromagnetic compatibility
ENDF—
Evaluated Nuclear Data File
EOS—
Earth Observing System
EPA—
Environmental Protection Agency
EPR—
electron paramagnetic resonance
EUV—
extreme ultraviolet
EUVL-LLC—
EUV Lithography-Limited Liability Corporation
FARCAL—
Facility for Advanced Radiometric Calibrations
FASCAL—
Facility for Automatic Spectroradiometric Calibrations
FBI—
Federal Bureau of Investigation
FDD—
fault detection and diagnostics
FDIS—
Final Draft International Standard
FIZ—
Fachinformationszentrum Karlsruhe
FSM—
Fire-Safe Materials
FTIR—
Fourier transform infrared
FTMW—
Fourier transform microwave
FTS—
Fourier transform spectrometer
GAMS—
Guide to Available Mathematical Software
GaN—
gallium nitride
GD-OES—
glow discharge optical emission spectrometer
GHRS—
Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph
GMR—
Giant Magnetoresistance
GPS—
Global Positioning System
HACR—
high-accuracy cryogenic radiometer
HDTV—
high-definition television
HPC—
high-performance concrete
HST—
Hubble Space Telescope
HTBB—
high-temperature black body
HVAC—
heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning
HYPERCON—
computer-integrated knowledge system
IC—
integrated circuit
ICP-OES—
inductively coupled plasma-optical spectrometry
IEC—
International Electrotechnical Commission
IEEE—
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IETF—
Internet Engineering Task Force
IFSS—
Industrial Fire Simulation System
IP—
Internetwork Protocol
IP QoS—
IP Quality of Service
IPsec—
Internetwork Protocol Security
IR—
infrared; information retrieval
ISAM—
Intelligent Systems Architecture for Manufacturing
ISIS—
Information Storage and Interconnect Systems
ISO—
International Organization for Standardization
ISPI—
Integrated Services Protocol Instrument
ISSC—
Information System to Support Calibrations
IT—
information technology
ITL—
Information Technology Laboratory
ITS—
International Temperature Scale
LCC—
life-cycle cost
LCM—
liquid composites molding
LMDS—
Local Multipoint Distribution Service
M³—
molecular measuring machine
MALDI—
matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization
MBE—
molecular beam epitaxy
MEL—
Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory
MEMS—
microelectromechanical systems
MEP—
Manufacturing Extension Partnership
MFC—
mass flow controller
MIRF—
Medical and Industrial Radiation Facility
MMDS—
Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Service
MMIC—
monolithic microwave integrated circuit
MOCVD—
metallo-organic chemical vapor deposition
MPI—
Message Passing Interface
MR—
magnetic resonance
MS—
mass spectral
MSD—
Metrology for Sustainable Development
MSEL—
Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory
NAMT—
National Advanced Manufacturing Testbed
NASA—
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NCNR—
NIST Center for Neutron Research
NFG—
nonfederal governmental
NIAP—
National Information Assurance Partnership
NIH—
National Institutes of Health
NIOF—
Neutron Interferometry and Optics Facility
NIST—
National Institute of Standards and Technology
NMR—
nuclear magnetic resonance
NOAA—
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NRC—
National Research Council
NRL—
Naval Research Laboratory
NSA—
National Security Agency
NSF—
National Science Foundation
NSMP—
National Semiconductor Metrology Program
NSOM—
near-field scanning optical microscopy
NTRM—
NIST Traceable Reference Materials
NTRS—
National Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors
N-WEST—
National Wireless Electronic Systems Testbed
OA—
other government agencies
OAE—
Office of Applied Economics
OAS—
Organization of American States
OES—
optical emission spectroscopy
OIDA—
Optoelectronics Industry Development Association
OLCI—
optical low-coherence interferometry
OLES—
Office of Law Enforcement Standards
OMP—
Office of Microelectronics Programs
PCR—
polymerase chain reaction
Pd—
palladium
PDF—
portable document format
PHPCT—
Partnership for High-Performance Concrete Technology
PKI—
Public Key Infrastructure
PMD—
polarization mode dispersion
PMMA—
polymethylmethacrylate
PSSH—
Performance Standards Systems for Housing
Pt—
platinum
RBAC—
role-based access control
RCS—
radar cross section
RCSB—
Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics
REFPROP—
refrigerant properties database
RF—
radio frequency
RIMS—
resonance ionization mass spectrometry
RMA—
Reference Model Architecture
RTP—
rapid thermal processing
SAC—
Safety Audit Committee
SAM—
self-assembling monolayer
SCM—
scanning capacitance microscopy
SEMATECH—
semiconductor manufacturing technology (consortium)
SEMPA—
scanning electron microscopy for polarization analysis
SI—
International System of Units
SIA—
Semiconductor Industry Association
SIMnet—
Inter-American System of Metrology
SIMS—
secondary ion mass spectrometry
SIRCUS—
spectral irradiance and radiance calibration with uniform sources
SLP—
Service Life Prediction
SPIE—
Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers
SRD—
Standard Reference Database
SRM—
Standard Reference Material
SRO—
senior reactor operator
STARR—
spectral trifunction automated reference reflectometer
STEP—
standard(s) for the exchange of product model data
STM—
scanning tunneling microscopy
STR—
short tandem repeat
STRS—
Scientific and Technical Research and Services
SURF—
Synchrotron Ultraviolet Radiation Facility
Tc—
critical temperature
THz—
terahertz
TOF—
time of flight
TREC—
Text Retrieval Conference
TWG—
technical working group
UL—
Underwriters Laboratories
ULSI—
ultralarge-scale integration
USNO—
United States Naval Observatory
UTC—
coordinated universal time
UV—
ultraviolet
VCBT—
Virtual Cybernetic Building Testbed
VL-BKZ—
Valanis-Landel-Bernstein, Kersley, and Zapas
VRML—
virtual reality modeling language
VTT—
Technical Research Centre of Finland
VUV—
vacuum ultraviolet
WD XRF—
wavelength dispersive x-ray fluorescence
WIT—
Web-based Interoperability Test
XIWT—
Cross-Industry Working Team
XML—
extensible markup language
XPS—
x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy