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Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1996. The National Scholars Program - SUMMARY: Excellence with Diversity for the Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9851.
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Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1996. The National Scholars Program - SUMMARY: Excellence with Diversity for the Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9851.
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Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1996. The National Scholars Program - SUMMARY: Excellence with Diversity for the Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9851.
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Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1996. The National Scholars Program - SUMMARY: Excellence with Diversity for the Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9851.
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Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1996. The National Scholars Program - SUMMARY: Excellence with Diversity for the Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9851.
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Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1996. The National Scholars Program - SUMMARY: Excellence with Diversity for the Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9851.
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Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1996. The National Scholars Program - SUMMARY: Excellence with Diversity for the Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9851.
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Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"FRONT MATTER." National Research Council. 1996. The National Scholars Program - SUMMARY: Excellence with Diversity for the Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9851.
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THE NATIONAL SCHOLARS PROGRAM: EXCELLENCE WITH DIVERSITY FOR THE FUTURE SUMMARY COMMITTEE ON THE FEASIBILITY OF A NATIONAL SCHOLARS PROGRAM OFFICE OF SCIENTIFIC AND ENGINEERING PERSONNEL NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS WASHINGTON, D.C. 1996

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical makers. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. it is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. William A. Wulf is interim president of the National Academy of Engineering. The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I. Shine is the president of the institute of Medicine. The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the fecleral government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts and Dr. William A. Wulf are chairman and interim vice chaiIman, respectively, of the National Research Council. This is a report of work supported by Contract No. NASW-4820 between the National Academy of Sciences and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Available in limited supply from Office of Scientific and Engineering Personnel National Research Council National Academy of Sciences 2101 Constitution Avenues N.W. Washington, DC 20418 Printed in the United States of America

COMMITTEE ON THE FEASIBILITY OF A NATIONAL SCHOLARS PROGRAM Eugene H. Cota-Robles, Chair Emeritus Professor of Biology University of California, Santa Cruz CarIos Gutierrez, Vice Chair Professor of Chemistry California State University, Los Angeles Sandy Baum Chair, Department of Economics Professor of Economics Skidmore College Santa Brown Senior Fellow Office of Minorities in Higher Education Principal Partner, Education Trust American Council on Education Freeman Hrabowski President University of Maryland, Baltimore County Vinetta Jones National Director, EQUITY 2000 College Entrance Examination Board Franklin Smith Superintendent of Schools District of Columbia H. Guyford Stever Member, National Academy of Sciences Member, National Acaclemy of Engineering Melvin R. Webb Director, Atlanta Comprehensive Regional Center for Minorities Clark Atlanta University Robert K. Whitman Ph.D. candidate, Electrical Engineering School of Engineering University of Colorado, BouIcler STAFF Sharon Bush Project Officer · · .

OFFICE OF SCIENTIFIC AND ENGINEERING PERSONNEL ADVISORY COMMITTEE Linda S. Wilson, Chair President, Radcliffe College Ernest Jaworski, Vice Chair Monsanto Company (retired) Betsy Ancker-Iohnson Vice President, Environmental Activities General Motors (retirecI) David Breneman Dean Curly School of Education University of Virginia David L. Goodstein Vice Provost Professor of Physics and Applied Physics California Institute of Technology M. R. C. Greenwood Chancellor University of California, Santa Cruz CarIos Gutierrez Professor of Chemistry California State University, Los Angeles Lester A. Hoe! Hamilton Professor of Civil Engineering University of Virginia Charlotte Kuh Executive Director Judith S. Liebman Professor of Operations Research University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Barry Munitz Chancellor The California State University lanes Nonvood Senior Fellow The Urban Institute Ewart A. C. Thomas Professor of Psychology Stanforc! University Jolm D. Wiley Provost Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs University of Wisconsin, Madison William H. Miller, e~x-officio Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley NATIONAL RESEARC H COUNC IL STAFF Marilyn J. Baker Associate Executive Director 1V

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Committee wishes to express its great appreciation for the extraordinary effort made by Sharon Bush, who served as the National Research Council's program officer for the study, in the preparation of this report. Her devoted attention to the project made her the Committee's greatest resource. The Committee is most grateful for the important role that Charlotte Kuh, Executive Director of the Office of Scientific and Engineering Personnel (OSEP), played as a facilitator in the final stages of the study. The report benefited from the advice and assistance of Marilyn Baker, Associate Executive Director v of OSEP, who helped in its completion, and from the thoughtfi~] comments and suggestions of Barry Munitz of the OSEP Advisory Committee. Pamela Lohof provided excellent editorial assistance and prepared the manuscript for publication. Finally, without the encouragement of Frank Owens from NASA, it would have easily been possible for the Committee to have lost heart as it wrestled with its charge. His vision and determination to have a detailed design for the National Scholars Program made this report possible. Eugene Cota-Robles Committee Chair

COPIERS 1 ~TRODuCTION 2 WED FOR A NATIONS SCHOLARS PROD 3 PROM EMS 4 PROM DESIGN (STRUCT~) 5 PROM DESIGN FROM ELECTS) ~ST~TI~ ELECTS 7 SELECTION C~TE~A 8 HER OF P~TIC~TS 9 PROM COSTS CO~ATIONS FE~CES . . V11 3 11 15 19 23 25 27 29 35

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