Previous Section Next Section Table of Contents

References


The text and tables in this book are drawn from hundreds of journal articles, chapters, books, newspaper and magazine reports, and other sources. Those listed below are cited specifically in the text, or are key articles useful for understanding an author's cited works.


Adler, L. E., L. Hoffer, J. M. Griffith, M. C. Waldo, and R. Freedman. 1992. Normalization by nicotine of deficient auditory sensory gating in the relatives of schizophrenics. Biological Psychiatry 32:607-616.

Adler, L. E., L. Hoffer, A. Wise, and R. Freedman. 1993. Normalization of auditory physiology by cigarette smoking in schizophrenic patients. American Journal of Psychiatry 150:1856-1861.

Alexander, J., and P. Alexander. 1994. Gender differences in tobacco use and the commodification of tobacco in Central Borneo. Social Science and Medicine 38: 603-608.

American Psychiatric Association. 1987. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed., rev.). Washington, DC.

Arcavi L., P. Jacob 3rd, M. Hellerstein, and N. L. Benowitz. 1994. Divergent tolerance to metabolic and cardiovascular effects of nicotine in smokers with low and high levels of cigarette consumption. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics 56:55-64.

Arendash, G. W., P. R. Sanberg, and G. J. Sengstock. 1995. Nicotine enhances the learning and memory of aged rats. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 52:517-523.

Audrain, J., R. Klesges, and L. Klesges. 1995. Relationship between obesity and the metabolic effects of smoking in women. Health Psychology 14:116-123.

Bahuchet, S., ed. 1994. [The Situation of Indigenous Peoples in Tropical Forests]. Brussels: Commission des Communautés Européenes.

Balbach, E. D., and S. A. Glantz. 1995. Tobacco information in two grade school newsweeklies: A content analysis. American Journal of Public Health 85:1650-1653.

Balfour, D. J. K. 1994. Neural mechanisms underlying nicotine dependence. Addiction 89:1419-1423.

Barendregt, J. J., L. Bonneaux, and P. J. van der Maas. 1997. The health care costs of smoking. The New England Journal of Medicine 337:1052-1057.

Barnum, H. 1994. The economic burden of the global trade in tobacco. Tobacco Control 3:358-361.

Bauman, K. E., R. L. Flewelling, and J. LaPrelle. 1991. Parental cigarette smoking and cognitive performance of children. Health Psychology 10:282-288.

Benet, S. V. 1928. John Brown's Body. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Doran and Co.

Bernstein, M., A. Morabia, S. Heritier, and N. Katchatrian. 1996. Passive smoking, active smoking, and education: Their relationship to weight history in women in Geneva. American Journal of Public Health 86:1267-1272.

Bickel, W. K., and R. J. DeGrandpre (eds). 1996. Drug Policy and Human Nature: Psychological Perspectives on the Prevention, Management, and Treatment of Illicit Drug Abuse. New York: Plenum.

Blaze-Temple, D., and S. K. Lo. 1992. Stages of drug use: A community survey of Perth teenagers. British Journal of Addiction 87:215-225.

Bolinder, G. 1997. Smokeless tobacco—a less harmful alternative? In The Tobacco Epidemic, Fagerström, K. O., ed. Basel, Switzerland: Karger.

Botvin, G. J., E. Baker, C. J. Goldberg, L. Dusenbury, and E. M. Botvin. 1992. Correlates and predictors of smoking among black adolescents. Addictive Behaviors 117:97-103.

Botvin, G. J., J. A. Epstein, S. Schinke, and T. Diaz. 1994. Predictors of cigarette smoking among inner-city minority youth. Experimental and Behavioral Pediatrics 15:67-73.

Bradbury, R. 1985. Dandelion Wine. Reissue ed. New York: Bantam-Spectra.

Breslau, N., M. M. Kilbey, and P. Andreski. 1993. Nicotine dependence and major depression: New evidence from a prospective investigation. Archives of General Psychiatry 50:31-35.

Breslau, N. 1995. Psychiatric comorbidity of smoking and nicotine dependence. Behavior Genetics 25:95-101.

Breslau, N., and E. L. Peterson. 1996. Smoking cessation in young adults: age at initiation of cigarette smoking and other suspected influences. American Journal of Public Health, 86: 214-220.

Breslau, N., E. L. Peterson, L. R. Schultz, H. D. Chilcoat, P. Andreski. 1998. Major depression and stages of smoking. Archives of General Psychiatry 55:161-166.

Brigham, J., J. Gross, M. L. Stitzer, and L. J. Felch. 1994. Effects of a restricted work-site smoking policy on employees who smoke. American Journal of Public Health 84:773-778.

Burns, D. M. 1992. Positive evidence on effectiveness of selected smoking prevention programs in the United States. Monographs—National Cancer Institute 12:17-20.

California Center for Health Improvement. 1997. Environmental tobacco smoke and lung cancer risk. www.webcom.com/cchi/PUB/tobaccosmoke.html

California Environmental Protection Agency. 1997. Health Effects of Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Final Draft for Scientific, Public, and SRP Review. www.calepa.cahwnet.gov/oehha/docs/ets/ets-main.htm

Camp, D. E., R. C. Klesges, and G. Relyea. 1993. The relationship between body weight concerns and adolescent smoking. Health Psychology 12:24-32.

Cardador, M. T., A. R. Hazan, and S. A. Glantz. 1995. Tobacco industry smokers' rights publications: A content analysis. American Journal of Public Health 85:1212-1217.

Carmelli, D., G. E. Swan, and D. Robinette. 1993. The relationship between quitting smoking and changes in drinking in World War II veteran twins. Journal of Substance Abuse 5:103-116.

Caskey, N., W. C. Wirshing, M. E. Jarvik, D. C. Madsen, and J. L. Elms. 1997. Smoking influences on symptoms in schizophrenics. Paper presented at the third Annual Meeting of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, Nashville, TN, June.

Centers for Disease Control. See Massachusetts Medical Society.

Charlton, A. 1995. Children and tobacco. Tobacco Control 4:103-104.

Chassin, L., C. C. Presson, J. S. Rose, and S. J. Sherman. 1996. The natural history of cigarette smoking from adolescence to adulthood: Demographic predictors of continuity and change. Health Psychology 15:478-484.

Chen, K., and D. B. Kandel. 1995. The natural history of drug use from adolescence to the mid-thirties in a general population sample. American Journal of Public Health 85:41-47.

Cohen, C., W. B. Pickworth, and J. E. Henningfield. 1991. Cigarette smoking and addiction. Clinics in Chest Medicine 12:701-710.

Cohen, S., E. Lichtenstein, J. O. Prochaska, J. S. Rossi, E. R. Gritz, C. R. Carr, C. T. Orleans, V. J. Schoenbach, L. Biener, D. Abrams, C. DiClemente, S. Curry, G. A. Marlatt, K. M. Cummings, S. L. Emont, G. Giovino, and D. Ossip-Klein. 1989. Debunking myths about self-quitting: Evidence from 10 prospective studies of persons who attempt to quit smoking by themselves. American Psychologist 44:1355-1365.

Cronk, C.E., and P. D. Sarvela. 1997. Alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use among rural/small town and urban youth: a secondary analysis of the monitoring the future data set. American Journal of Public Health 87:760-764.

Davis, R. M. 1992. The language of nicotine addiction: Purging the word "habit" from our lexicon. Tobacco Control 1:163-164.

Eisner, J. R., M. Morgan, and P. Gammage. 1987. Belief correlates of perceived addiction in young smokers. European Journal of Psychology of Education 2:307-310.

Eliasson, B., M. R. Taskinen, and U. Smith. 1996. Long-term use of nicotine gum is associated with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. Circulation 94:878-881.

Elrod, K., J. J. Buccafusco, and W. J. Jackson. 1988. Nicotine enhances delayed matching-to-sample performance by primates. Life Sciences 43:277-287.

Fiore, M. C. 1991. The new vital sign: Assessing and documenting smoking status. The Journal of the American Medical Association 266:3183-3184.

Fiore, M. C. 1997. AHCPR smoking cessation guideline: A fundamental review. Tobacco Control 6(Suppl. 1):S4-S8.

Fischer, P. M., M. P. Schwartz, J. W. Richards Jr., A. O. Goldstein, T. Rojas. 1991. Brand logo recognition by children aged 3 to 6 years: Mickey Mouse and Old Joe the Camel. The Journal of the American Medical Association 266:3145-3148.

Flegal, K. M., R. P. Troiano, E. R. Pamuk, R. J. Kuczmarski, and S. M. Campbell. 1995. The influence of smoking cessation on the prevalence of overweight in the United States. New England Journal of Medicine 333:1165-1170.

Freedman, R., H. Coon, M. Myles-Worsley, A. Orr-Urtreger, A. Olincy, A. Davis, M. Polymeropoulos, J. Holik, J. Hopkins, M. Hoff, J. Rosenthal, M. C. Waldo, F. Reimherr, P. Wender, J. Yaw, D. A. Young, C. R. Breese, C. Adams, D. Patterson, L. E. Adler, L. Kruglyak, S. Leonard, and W. Byerley. 1997. Linkage of a neurophysiological deficit in schizophrenia to a chromosome 15 locus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 94:587-592.

Frost, K., E. Frank, and E. Maibach. 1997. Relative risk in the news media: A quantification of misrepresentation. American Journal of Public Health 87:842-845.

Gammon, M. D., J. Schoenberg, H. Ahsan, H. Risch, T. Vaughan, W. Chow, H. Rotterdam, A. West, R. Dubrow, J. Stanford, S. Mayne, D. Farrow, S. Niwa, W. Blot, and J. J. Fraumeni. 1997. Tobacco, alcohol, and socioeconomic status and adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and gastric cardia. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 89:1277-1284.

Gilbert, D. G. 1995. The Situation x Trait Adaptive Response (STAR) model of nicotine's effects on physiological, emotional, and information processing states. Psychophysiology 32:S7.

Gilbert, D. G. 1995. Smoking: Individual Differences, Psychopathology, and Emotion. Washington, D.C.: Taylor and Francis.

Glover, E. D., M. Laflin, D. Flannery, and D. L. Albritton. 1989. Smokeless tobacco use among American college students. Journal of American College Health 38:81-85.

Gold, M. S. 1995. Tobacco. New York: Plenum Medical Book Company.

Gori, G. B. 1995. Policy against science: The case of environmental tobacco smoke. Risk Analysis 15:15-22.

Greene, J. M., S. T. Ennett, and C. L. Ringwalt. 1997. Substance use among runaway and homeless youth in three national samples. American Journal of Public Health 87:229-235.

Gross, T. M., M. E. Jarvik, and M. R. Rosenblatt. 1993. Nicotine abstinence produces content-specific Stroop interference. Psychopharmacology 110:333-336.

Groth-Marnat, G., S. Leslie, and M. Renneker. 1996. Tobacco control in a traditional Fijian village: Indigenous methods of smoking cessation and relapse prevention. Social Science and Medicine 43:473-477.

Grunberg, N. E. 1991. Smoking cessation and weight gain. The New England Journal of Medicine 324:768-769.

Haaga, D. A., M. M. Gillis, and W. McDermut. 1993. Lay beliefs about the causes and consequences of smoking cessation maintenance. The International Journal of the Addictions 28:369-375.

Hall, S. M., D. Ginsberg, and R. T. Jones. 1986. Smoking cessation and weight gain. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 54: 342-346.

Hall, S. M., R. F. Muñoz, V. I. Reus, and K. L. Sees. 1993. Nicotine, negative affect, and depression. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 61:761-767.

Hall, S. M., C. D. Tunstall, K. L. Vila, and J. Duffy. 1992. Weight gain prevention and smoking cessation: Cautionary findings. American Journal of Public Health 82:799-803.

Hatsukami, D. K., D. Anton, A. Callies, and R. Keenan. 1991. Situational factors and patterns associated with smokeless tobacco use. Journal of Behavioral Medicine 14:383-396.

Hazan, A. R., and S. A. Glantz. 1995. Current trends in tobacco use on prime-time fictional television. American Journal of Public Health 85:116-117.

Hazan, A. R., H. L. Lipton, and S. A. Glantz. 1994. Popular films do not reflect current tobacco use. American Journal of Public Health 84:998-1000.

Heishman, S. J., F. R. Snyder, and J. E. Henningfield. 1993. Performance, subjective, and physiological effects of nicotine in non-smokers. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 34:11-18.

Heishman, S. J. 1996. Effects of nicotine on cognitive and psychomotor abilities in nonsmokers. Paper presented at Smoking, Nicotine, and Human Performance, Washington, D.C., November.

Henningfield, J. E. 1996. Public policy foundation: up in smoke—nicotine research travails. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Toronto, Canada, August.

Henningfield, J. E., M. Hariharan, and L. T. Kozlowski. 1996. Nicotine content and health risks of cigars. The Journal of the American Medical Association 276:1857-1858.

Henningfield, J. E., J. Slade, L. Biener, S. Leischow, J. Henningfield, and M. Stitzer. 1997. Reducing tobacco-caused death and disease by reducing exposure in cigarette smokers. Symposium presented at the Fourth Annual Meeting of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, Nashville, Tennessee, June.

Henningfield, J. E., R. V. Fant, A. Radzius, S. Frost, and W. Rickert. 1998. Nicotine delivery and smoke pH of seventeen cigar brands. Paper presented at the Fifth Annual Meeting of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, New Orleans, Louisiana, March.

Howard, G., L. E. Wagenknecht, G. L. Burke, A. Diez-Roux, G. W. Evans, P. McGovern, F. J. Nieto, and G. S. Tell. 1998. Cigarette smoking and progression of atherosclerosis: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. The Journal of the American Medical Association 279:119-124.

Huber, G. L., and R. J. Pandina. 1997. The economics of tobacco use. In The Tobacco Epidemic, K. O. Fagerström, ed. Basel, Switzerland: Karger.

Hughes, J. R., S. T. Higgins, and W. K. Bickel. 1994. Nicotine withdrawal versus other drug withdrawal syndromes: Similarities and dissimilarities. Addiction 89:1461-1470.

Hurt, R. D., R. E. Finlayson, R. M. Morse, and L. J. Davis. 1988. Alcoholism in elderly persons: Medical aspects and prognosis of 216 inpatients. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 63:753-760.

Hurt, R. D., D. P. Sachs, E. D. Glover, K. P. Offord, J. A. Johnston, L. C. Dale, M. A. Khayrallah, D. R. Schroeder, P. N. Glover, C. R. Sullivan, I. T. Croghan, and P. M. Sullivan. 1997. A comparison of sustained-release bupropion and placebo for smoking cessation. The New England Journal of Medicine 337:1195-1202.

Jackson, C., L. Henriksen, D. Dickinson, and D. W. Levine. 1997. The early use of alcohol and tobacco: Its relation to children's competence and parents' behavior. American Journal of Public Health 87:359-364.

Jinot, J., S. Bayard. 1995. Environmental tobacco smoke: Science vs. rhetoric. Risk Analysis 15:91-96.

Jones, G. M. M., B. J. Sahakian, R. Levy, D. M. Warburton, and J. A. Gray. 1992. Effects of acute subcutaneous nicotine on attention, information processing and short-term memory in Alzheimer's disease. Psychopharmacology 108:485-494.

Jones, T. 1963. The Fantasticks. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Hal Leonard.

Kawachi, I., G. A. Colditz, F. E. Speizer, J. E. Manson, M. J. Stampfer, W. C. Willett, and C. H. Hennekens. 1997. A prospective study of passive smoking and coronary heart disease. Circulation 95:2374-2379.

Kendler, K. S., M. C. Neale, C. J. MacLean, A. C. Heath, L. H. Eaves, and R. C. Kessler. 1993. Smoking and major depression: A causal analysis. Archives of General Psychiatry 50:36-43.

Kessler, D. A. 1994. Statement on nicotine-containing cigarettes. Tobacco Control 3:148-158.

Kirch, D.G., Bigelow, L.B., Weinberger, D.R., Lawson, W.B., Wyatt, R.J. 1985. Polydipsia and chronic hyponatremia in schizophrenic inpatients. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 46:179-181.

Klein, M. 1997. Holes in the smoke screen. American Demographics. July, p. 31.

Klein, R. 1993. Cigarettes Are Sublime. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.

Klesges, R. C., and L. M. Klesges. 1988. Cigarette smoking as a dieting strategy in a university population. International Journal of Eating Disorders 7:413-419.

Klesges, R. C., S. E. Winders, A. W. Meyers, L. H. Eck, K. D. Ward, C. M. Hultquist, J. W. Ray, and W. R. Shadish. 1997. How much weight gain occurs following smoking cessation? A comparison of weight gain using both continuous and point prevalence abstinence. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 65:286-291.

Koop, C. E. 1997. The truth about secondhand smoke. The Washington Post. 11 October, p. A25.

Kozlowski, L. T., J. L. Pillitteri, B. A. Yost, M. E. Goldberg, and F. M. Ahern. 1998. Advertising fails to inform smokers of official tar and nicotine yields of cigarettes. Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research 3:55-64.

Le Houezec, J., R. Halliday, N. L. Benowitz, E. Callaway, H. Naylor, and K. Herzig. 1994. A low dose of subcutaneous nicotine improves information processing in non-smokers. Psychopharmacology 114:628-634.

Leistikow, B., D. Martin, and J. Jacobs. 1997. Smoking as a risk factor for suicide: A meta-analysis. Paper presented at the Third Annual Meeting of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, Nashville, Tennessee, June.

Leonard, S., C. Adams, C. R. Breese, L. E. Adler, P. Bickford, W. Byerley, H. Coon, J. M. Griffith, C. Miller, M. Myles-Worsley, H. T. Nagamoto, Y. Rollins, K. E. Stevens, M. Waldo, and R. Freedman. 1996. Nicotinic receptor function in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 22:431-445.

Levin, E. D., S. J. Briggs, N. C. Christopher, and J. E. Rose. 1993. Prenatal nicotine exposure and cognitive performance in rats. Neurotoxicology and Teratology 15:251-260.

Maag, J. W., D. M. Irvin, R. Reid, and S. F. Vasa. 1994. Prevalence and predictors of substance use: A comparison between adolescents with and without learning disabilities. Journal of Learning Disabilities 27:223-234.

Marlatt, G. A. 1985. Relapse prevention: Theoretical rationale and review of the model. In Relapse Prevention: Maintenance Strategies in the Treatment of Addictive Behaviors, G. A. Marlatt and J. R. Gordon, eds. New York: Guilford.

Massachusetts Medical Society. 1996. Projected smoking-related deaths among youth—United States. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 45:971-974.

Massachusetts Medical Society. 1996. Tobacco use and usual source of cigarettes among high school students—United States, 1995. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 45:413-418.

Massachusetts Medical Society. 1997. Cigar smoking among teenagers—United States, Massachusetts, and New York, 1996. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 46:433-440.

Massachusetts Medical Society. 1997. State- and sex-specific prevalence of selected characteristics—Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 1994 and 1995. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 46:1-10.

Massachusetts Medical Society. 1998. Tobacco use among high school Students—United States, 1997. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 3 April 1998.

Mâsse, L. C., and R. E. Tremblay. 1997. Behavior of boys in kindergarten and the onset of substance use during adolescence. Archives of General Psychiatry 54:62-68.

McKenna, F. P., D. M. Warburton, and M. Winwood. 1993. Exploring the limits of optimism: The case of smokers' decision making. British Journal of Psychology 84:389-394.

Meier, K. J., and M. J. Licari. 1997. The effect of cigarette taxes on cigarette consumption, 1955 through 1994. American Journal of Public Health 87:1126-1130.

Meyers, A. W., R. C. Klesges, S. E. Winders, K. D. Ward, B. A. Peterson, and L. H. Eck. 1997. Are weight concerns predictive of smoking cessation? A prospective analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 65:448-452.

Miller, N. S. 1991. Nicotine addiction as a disease. In The Clinical Management of Nicotine Dependence, J. A. Cocores, ed. New York: Springer-Verlag.

Murray, B. 1997. Why aren't antidrug programs working? American Psychological Association Monitor. September, p. 30.

National Cancer Institute. 1998. Cigars: Health Effects and Trends, David M. Burns (ed.), Bethesda, Maryland: National Cancer Institute.

National Health and Medical Research Council. 1997. The health effects of passive smoking: A scientific information paper. Canberra, Australia: Australian Government Publishing Service. www.health.gov.au/hfs/nhmrc/advice/nhmrc/foreword.htm

Nelson, D. R. 1997. Pretension aside, a cigar is just a cigar. Puget Sound Business Journal. 1 September.

Newhouse, P. A., A. Potter, and E. D. Levin. 1997. Nicotinic system involvement in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases: Implications for therapeutics. Drugs and Aging 11:206-228.

Nothwehr, F., H. Lando, J. K. Bobo. 1995. Alcohol and tobacco use in the Minnesota Heart Health Program. Addictive Behaviors 20:463-470.

Pennington, J., and J. Tate. 1998. Why is unrealistic optimism extended to close others who smoke? Paper presented at the Fourth Annual Meeting of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, New Orleans, Louisiana, March.

Perkins, K. A. 1996. Sex differences in nicotine versus nonnicotine reinforcement as determinants of tobacco smoking. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 4:166-177.

Perkins, K. A. 1997. Nicotine effects during physical activity. In Esteve Foundation Symposium VII: The Clinical Pharmacology of Sport and Exercise, T. Reilly and M. Orme, eds., Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Perkins, K. A., A. DiMarco, J. E. Grobe, A. Scierka, R. L. Stiller. 1994. Nicotine discrimination in male and female smokers. Psychopharmacology 116:407-413.

Perkins, K. A., J. Rohay, E. N. Meilahn, R. R. Wing, K. A. Mathews, L. H. Kuller. 1993. Diet, alcohol, and physical activity as a function of smoking status in middle-aged women. Health Psychology 12:410-415.

Perkins, K. A., M. Levine, M. D. Marcus, and S. Shiffman. 1997. Addressing women's concerns about weight gain due to smoking cessation. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 14:1-10.

Perkins, K. A., J. E. Sexton, L. H. Epstein, A. DiMarco, C. Fonte, R. L. Stiller, A. Scierka, and R. G. Jacob. 1994. Acute thermogenic effects of nicotine combined with caffeine during light physical activity in male and female smokers. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 60:312-319.

Perkins, K. A., J. E. Sexton, and A. DiMarco. 1996. Acute thermogenic effects of nicotine and alcohol in healthy male and female smokers. Physiology and Behavior 60:305-309.

Pierce, J. P., W. S. Choi, E. A. Gilpin, A. J. Farkas, and C. C. Berry. 1998. Tobacco industry promotion of cigarettes and adolescent smoking. The Journal of the American Medical Association 279: 511-515.

Pierce, J. P., L. Lee, E. A. Gilpin. 1994. Smoking initiation by adolescent girls, 1944 through 1988: An association with targeted advertising. The Journal of the American Medical Association 271:608-611.

Pierce, J. P., and E. Gilpin. 1996. How long will today's new adolescent smoker be addicted to cigarettes? American Journal of Public Health 86:253-256.

Pomerleau, C. S., and O. F. Pomerleau. 1992. Euphoriant effects of nicotine in smokers. Psychopharmacology 108:460-465.

Pomerleau, C. S., E. Ehrlich, J. C. Tate, J. L. Marks, K. A. Flessland, and O. F. Pomerleau. 1993. The female weight-control smoker: A profile. Journal of Substance Abuse 5:391-400.

Pomerleau, O. F. 1992. Nicotine and the central nervous system: Biobehavioral effects of cigarette smoking. The American Journal of Medicine 93:1A-2S - 1A-7S.

Prochaska, J. O., and C. C. DiClemente. 1992. Stages of change in the modification of problem behaviors. Progress in Behavior Modification 28:183-218.

Rachlin, H. 1995. Behavioral economics without anomalies. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 64:397-404.

Raeburn, P., and G. DeGeorge. 1997. You bet I mind if you smoke. Business Week, 15 September 1997.

Rásky É.; W. J. Stronegger, W. Freidl. 1996. The relationship between body weight and patterns of smoking in women and men. International Journal of Epidemiology 25: 1208-1212.

Redhead, C. S., and R. E. Rowberg. 1995. Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Lung Cancer Risk. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Research Service.

Reid, D. J., A. D. McNeill, and T. J. Glynn. 1995. Reducing the prevalence of smoking in youth in Western countries: An international review. Tobacco Control 4:266-277.

Resnick, M. P. 1993. Treating nicotine addiction in patients with psychiatric co-morbidity. In Nicotine Addiction: Principles and Management, C. T. Orleans and J. Slade, eds. New York: Oxford University Press.

Restak, R. M. 1996. Brainscapes: An Introduction to What Neuroscience Has Learned About the Structure, Function, and Abilities of the Brain. New York: Hyperion.

Rigotti, N. A., J. R. DiFranza, Y. Chang, T. Tisdale, B. Kemp, and D. E. Singer. 1997. The effect of enforcing tobacco-sales laws on adolescents' access to tobacco and smoking behavior. New England Journal of Medicine 337:1044-1051.

Robinson, J. H., and W. S. Pritchard. 1992. The meaning of addiction: Reply to West. Psychopharmacology 108:411-416.

Robinson, J. H., and W. S. Pritchard. 1992. The role of nicotine in tobacco use. Psychopharmacology 108:397-407.

Rohde, P., P. M. Lewinsohn, and J. R. Seeley. 1994. Are adolescents changed by an episode of major depression? Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 33:1289-1298.

Rotfeld, H. J. 1996. Tobacco firms are efficient marketers. Should they be? Marketing News. 9 September, pp.4, 11.

Royal Society of Canada. 1989. Tobacco, nicotine, and addiction. Ottawa: T & H Printers Ltd.

Russell, M. A. H. 1990. Nicotine intake and its control over smoking. In Nicotine Psychopharmacology: Molecular, Cellular, and Behavioural Aspects, S. Wonnacott, M. A. H. Russell, and I. P. Stolerman, eds. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Russell, M. A. H. 1990. The nicotine addiction trap: A 40-year sentence for four cigarettes. British Journal of Addiction 85:293-300.

Samuelson, R. J. 1997. Do Smokers Have Rights? Washington Post, 24 September 1997, A21.

Schlapman, N. 1987. Developing a workplace smoking policy. AAOHN Journal 35:337-339.

Scruton, R. 1998. Anything goes—except smoking. Wall Street Journal, 9 February 1998, A18.

Sherwood, N., J. S. Kerr, and I. Hindmarch. 1992. Psychomotor performance in smokers following single and repeated doses of nicotine gum. Psychopharmacology 108:432-436.

Sherwood, N. 1995. Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Performance in a Simulated Driving Task. Neuropsychobiology 32.

Shiffman, S. 1989. Tobacco "chippers"—individual differences in tobacco dependence. Psychopharmacology 97:539-547.

Shumaker, S. A., and N. E. Grunberg. 1986. Proceedings of the national working conference on smoking relapse. Health Psychology 5 (Suppl.).

Slade, J. 1997. Historical notes on tobacco. In The Tobacco Epidemic, K. O. Fagerström, ed. Basel, Switzerland: Karger.

Snyder, F. R., F. C. Davis, and J. E. Henningfield. 1989. The tobacco withdrawal syndrome: Performance decrements assessed on a computerized test battery. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 23:259-266.

Spilich, G. J. 1994. Cognitive benefits of nicotine: Fact or fiction? Addiction 89:141-142.

Stockwell, T. F., and S. A. Glantz. 1998. Tobacco use is increasing in popular film. Tobacco Control 7:282-284.

Sussman, S., C. W. Dent, L. A. McAdams, A. W. Stacy, D. Burton, and B. R. Flay. 1994. Group self-identification and adolescent cigarette smoking: A 1-year prospective study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 103:576-580.

Swan, G. E., and D. Carmelli. 1995. Characteristics associated with excessive weight gain after smoking cessation in men. American Journal of Public Health 86:73-77.

Swan, G. E., D. Carmelli, and L. R. Cardon. 1996. The consumption of tobacco, alcohol, and coffee in caucasian male twins: A multivariate genetic analysis. Journal of Substance Abuse 8:19-31.

Swan, G. E., M. M. Ward, and L. M. Jack. 1996. Abstinence effects as predictors of 28-day relapse in smokers. Addictive Behaviors 21:481-490.

Swan, G. E., D. Carmelli, and L. R. Cardon. 1997. Heavy consumption of cigarettes, alcohol, and coffee in male twins. Journal of Studies on Alcohol 58:182-190.

Sweanor, D. T. 1997. Regulation of tobacco and nicotine. In The Tobacco Epidemic, K. O. Fagerström, ed. Basel, Switzerland: Karger.

Tillgren, P., B. J. Haglund, H. Gilljam, and L. E. Holm. 1992. A tobacco quit and win model in the Stockholm cancer prevention programme. European Journal of Cancer Prevention 1:361-366.

U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. 1988. The Health Consequences of Smoking: Nicotine Addiction. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.

U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. 1990. The health benefits of smoking cessation: A report of the surgeon general. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.

U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. 1996. Smoking Cessation. Clinical Practice Guideline No. 18. Washington, D.C.: Agency for Health Care Policy and Research.

U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. 1964. Smoking and Health: Report of the Advisory Committee to the Surgeon General of the public Health Service. DHEW Publication No.(PHS) 1103.

U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1992. Respiratory Health Effects of Passive Smoking: Lung Cancer and Other Disorders. Washington, D.C.: Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development.

Viscusi, W. K. 1992. Smoking: Making the Risky Decision. New York: Oxford University Press.

Warburton, D. M., A. D. Revell, and D. H. Thompson. 1991. Smokers of the future. British Journal of Addiction 86:621-625.

Warburton, D. M., K. Wesnes, K. Shergold, and M. James. 1986. Facilitation of learning and state dependency with nicotine. Psychopharmacology 89:55-59.

Warner, K. E., L. M. Goldenhar, and C. G. McLaughlin. 1992. Cigarette advertising and magazine coverage of the hazards of smoking: A statistical analysis. New England Journal of Medicine 326:305-309.

Weekley, C. K., R. C. Klesges, and G. Relyea. 1992. Smoking as a weight-control strategy and its relationship to smoking status. Addictive Behaviors 17:259-271.

West, R., and M. Gossop. 1994. Overview: A comparison of withdrawal symptoms from different drug classes. Addiction 89.

Wiebel, F. J. 1997. The health effects of passive smoking. In The Tobacco Epidemic, Fagerström, K. O., ed. Basel, Switzerland: Karger.

Williamson, D. F., J. Madans, R. F. Anda, J. C. Kleinman, G. A. Giovino, and T. Byers. 1991. Smoking cessation and severity of weight gain in a national cohort. New England Journal of Medicine 324:739-745.

Wilson, A. L., L. K. Langley, J. Monley, T. Bauer, S. Rottunda, E. McFalls, C. Kovera, and J. R. McCarten. 1995. Nicotine patches in Alzheimer's disease: Pilot study on learning, memory, and safety. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 51:509-514.

Winter, J., ed. (In press.) Deer Person's Gift: Tobacco Use by Native North Americans.

Wong, P. P., and A. Bauman. 1997. How well does epidemiological evidence hold for the relationship between smoking and adverse obstetric outcomes in New South Wales? Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 37:168-173.

World Health Organization. 1995. Tobacco: a global emergency. Tobacco Control 4:297-298.


[Table of Contents][Previous Section][Next Section]

Copyright 1998 National Academy Press