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NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.
This study was supported by the National Gambling Impact Study Commission. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Pathological gambling : a critical review / Committee on the Social and Economic Impact of Pathological Gambling [and] Committee on Law and Justice, Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, National Research Council.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-309-06571-2 (hardcover)
1. Compulsive gambling—United States. I. National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on the Social and Economic Impact of Pathological Gambling. II. National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Law and Justice.
RC569.5.G35 P38 1999
616.85′841—dc21 99-06598
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Copyright 1999 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Committee on the Social and Economic Impact of Pathological Gambling
CHARLES F. WELLFORD (Chair),
Center for Applied Policy Studies and Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Maryland
COLIN CAMERER,
Division on Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology
LINDA B. COTTLER,
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine
SARA KIESLER,
Department of Social and Decision Sciences, and Human Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University
MARK W. LIPSEY,
Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University
EILEEN M. LUNA,
American Indian Studies Programs, University of Arizona
BARBARA ANN MELLERS,
Department of Psychology, Ohio State University
CLINTON V. OSTER, JR.,
School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University
DAVID RADOS,
Owen Graduate School of Management, Vanderbilt University
RICHARD J. ROSENTHAL,
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles
HOWARD J. SHAFFER,
Division on Addictions and Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School
JEROME H. SKOLNICK,
Faculty of Law, New York University School of Law
KEN WINTERS,
Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota
SAMUEL C. McQUADE III, Study Director
MELISSA BAMBA, Research Associate
GLENDA TYSON, Project Assistant
Committee on Law and Justice
CHARLES F. WELLFORD (Chair),
Center for Applied Policy Studies and Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Maryland
RUTH DAVIS,
The Pymatuning Group, Inc., Virginia
DARNELL HAWKINS,
Department of African American Studies, University of Illinois at Chicago
PHILIP HEYMANN,
Center for Criminal Justice, Harvard Law School
CANDACE KRUTTSCHNITT,
Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota
MARK LIPSEY,
Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University
COLIN LOFTIN,
School of Criminal Justice, State University of New York at Albany
JOHN MONAHAN,
School of Law, University of Virginia
DANIEL NAGIN,
H. John Heinz III School of Public Policy and Management, Carnegie Mellon University
JOAN PETERSILIA,
School of Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine
PETER REUTER,
School of Public Affairs, University of Maryland
WESLEY SKOGAN,
Center for Urban Affairs, Northwestern University
CATHY SPATZ WIDOM,
Departments of Criminal Justice and Psychology, State University of New York at Albany
KATE STITH,
School of Law, Yale University
MICHAEL TONRY,
School of Law, University of Minnesota
CAROL PETRIE, Study Director
MELISSA BAMBA, Research Associate
KAREN AUTREY, Senior Project Assistant
Acknowledgments
The following persons, many who prepared papers or presentations for the committee, are acknowledged and thanked for sharing their expertise on pathological gambling, and for giving of their time to participate in and support the public workshops hosted by the National Research Council:
Curtis L. Barrett, University of Louisville
Alex Blaszczynski, The Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Carl Braunlich, Purdue University
David Comings, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California
Sue Cox, Texas Council on Problem and Compulsive Gambling, Richardson
Renee Cunningham-Williams, Washington University School of Medicine
Jeff Derevensky, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
Carlo C. DiClemente, University of Maryland, Baltimore County
William Eadington, University of Nevada
Richard Evans, University of Houston
Don Feeney, Minnesota State Lottery, Roseville
Joanna Franklin, National Council on Problem Gambling, Washington, DC
Peter Goyer, Cleveland Medical Center, Ohio
Mark Griffiths, The Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, Australia
Rina Gupta, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
Matthew A. Hall, Harvard Medical School
Erik Hollander, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, New York
Durand F. Jacobs, American Board of Professional Psychology, California
Norm Kruedelbach, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Ohio
Robert Ladouceur, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
Henry Lesieur, Institute for Problem Gambling, Middletown, Connecticut
Scott Lukas, McClean Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts
Janet Mann, American Academy of Health Care Providers in the Addictive Disorders, Cambridge, Massachusetts
Richard McCleary, University of California at Irvine
Lia Nower, Washington University
Judy Patterson, American Gaming Association, Washington, DC
Marcus D. Patterson, American Academy of Health Care Providers in the Addictive Disorders, Cambridge, Massachusetts
William Rhodes, Abt Associates Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
I. Nelson Rose, Whittier Law School
Lori Rugle, Trimeridian Inc., Carmel, Indiana
William Semple, Cleveland Medical Center, Ohio
Randy Stinchfield, University of Minnesota Medical School
Bradley Stoner, Washington University
Rodger Svendson, Minnesota Institute of Public Health, Anoka
Jack Thar, Indiana Gaming Commission, Indianapolis
Tony Toneatto, Addiction Research Foundation, Calgary, Canada
Joni Vander Bilt, Harvard Medical School
Rachel Volberg, Gemini Research, Northhampton, Massachusetts
Lynn Wallisch, Texas Commission on Alcohol and Drug Abuse, Austin
Robert Wildman, Dickson, O'Bryan, Dugan and Associates, Nevada
Harold Wynne, Wynne Resources, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Kurt Zorn, Indiana University
This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the Report Review Committee of the National Research Council. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making the published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process.
We thank the following individuals for their participation in the review of this report: John Bailar, Irving B. Harris Graduate School of Public Policy Studies, University of Chicago; Robert Boruch, Graduate School of Education and Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania; Philip J. Cook, Sanford Institute of Public Policy, Duke University; Stephen Cornell, Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy, University of Arizona; John Dombrink, Department of Criminology, Law, and Society, University of California, Irvine; Reid Hastie, Center for Research on Judgment and Policy and Department of Psychology, University of Colorado; John Kihlstrom, Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley; Robert S. Lawrence, School of Medicine and School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University; Scott O. Lilienfeld, Department of Psychology, Emory University; John Monahan, Professor of Law, Psychology, and Legal Medicine, University of Virginia School of Law; Eric J. Nestler, Professor of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine; Henry W. Riecken, Professor of Behavioral Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine (emeritus); and Lee N. Robins, Department of Psychiatry, Washington University of School of Medicine.
Although the individuals listed above have provided constructive comments and suggestions, it must be emphasized that responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.
The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. William A. Wulf is president of the National Academy of Engineering.
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The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce Alberts and Dr. William A. Wulf are chairman and vice chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council.
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