Table of Contents
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Front Matter	i-xii
1 Introduction	7-18	(skim)
2 Understanding The Risk	19-64	(skim)
3 Input of Oil to the Sea	65-88	(skim)
4 Behavior and Fate of Oil	89-118	(skim)
5 Biological Effects of Oil Releases	119-184	(skim)
A Committee and Staff Biographies	185-188	(skim)
B Definitions and Conversions	189-190	(skim)
C Natural Seepage of Crude Oil into the Marine Environment	191-192	(skim)
D Oil and Gas Extraction	193-202	(skim)
E Inputs of Petroleum Hydrocarbons into the Oceans Due to Transportation Activities	203-218	(skim)
F Inputs into the Sea from Recreational Marine Vessels	219-220	(skim)
G Spills from Coastal Facilities	221-222	(skim)
H Atmospheric Deposition and Air-Sea Exchange of Petroleum Hydrocarbons to the Ocean	223-232	(skim)
I Estimating Land-based Sources of Oil in the Sea	233-252	(skim)
J Methods Used To Estimate PAH Loadings to the Marine Environment	253-254	(skim)
K Regulatory Framework	255-258	(skim)
Index	259-265	(skim)

Description

Since the early 1970s, experts have recognized that petroleum pollutants were being discharged in marine waters worldwide, from oil spills, vessel operations, and land-based sources. Public attention to oil spills has forced improvements. Still, a considerable amount of oil is discharged yearly into sensitive coastal environments.

Oil in the Sea provides the best available estimate of oil pollutant discharge into marine waters, including an evaluation of the methods for assessing petroleum load and a discussion about the concerns these loads represent. Featuring close-up looks at the Exxon Valdez spill and other notable events, the book identifies important research questions and makes recommendations for better analysis of and more effective measures against pollutant discharge.

The book discusses:

• Input where the discharges come from, including the role of two-stroke engines used on recreational craft.
• Behavior or fate how oil is affected by processes such as evaporation as it moves through the marine environment.
• Effects what we know about the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on marine organisms and ecosystems.
  

Providing a needed update on a problem of international importance, this book will be of interest to energy policy makers, industry officials and managers, engineers and researchers, and advocates for the marine environment.

Reviews

"Oil in the Sea III provides an update towards the problem of petroleum released into the seas and should be of interest to energy policy makers, industry managers and officials, engineers and researchers. The book contains a good bibliography of more the 22 pages...."
--International Journal of Environment and Pollution

Authoring Organizations

• Ocean Studies Board (OSB)
• Marine Board (MB)
• Transportation Research Board (TRB)
• Earth and Life Studies (DELS)
• More Titles from OSB
• More Titles from MB
• More Titles from TRB
• More Titles from DELS

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