Fluoride in Drinking Water:

A Scientific Review of EPA's Standards

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Size: 530 pages, 6 x 9

Publication Year:2006

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Authors:
Committee on Fluoride in Drinking Water, National Research Council
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Description:
Most people associate fluoride with the practice of intentionally adding fluoride to public drinking water supplies for the prevention of tooth decay. However, fluoride can also enter public water systems from natural sources, including runoff from the weathering of fluoride-containing ...
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Table of Contents
Select a link below to start reading online free!
Front matter	i-xxii	(skim)
Summary	1-12	(skim)
1 Introduction	13-22	(skim)
2 Measures of Exposure to Fluoride in the United States	23-88	(skim)
3 Pharmacokinetics of Fluoride	89-102	(skim)
4 Effects of Fluoride on Teeth	103-130	(skim)
5 Musculoskeletal Effects	131-180	(skim)
6 Reproductive and Developmental Effects of Fluoride	181-204	(skim)
7 Neurotoxicity and Neurobehavioral Effects	205-223	(skim)
8 Effects on the Endocrine System	224-267	(skim)
9 Effects on the Gastrointestinal, Renal, Hepatic, and Immune Systems	268-303	(skim)
10 Genotoxicity and Carcinogenicity	304-339	(skim)
11 Drinking Water Standards for Fluoride	340-353	(skim)
References	354-410	(skim)
Appendix A Biographical Information on the Committee on Fluoride in Drinking Water	411-415	(skim)
Appendix B Measures of Exposure to Fluoride in the United States: Supplementary Information	416-438	(skim)
Appendix C Ecologic and Partially Ecologic Studies in Epidemiology	439-441	(skim)
Appendix D Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Rats and Humans	442-446	(skim)
Appendix E Detailed Information on Endocrine Studies of Fluoride	447-508	(skim)

Description

Most people associate fluoride with the practice of intentionally adding fluoride to public drinking water supplies for the prevention of tooth decay. However, fluoride can also enter public water systems from natural sources, including runoff from the weathering of fluoride-containing rocks and soils and leaching from soil into groundwater. Fluoride pollution from various industrial emissions can also contaminate water supplies. In a few areas of the United States fluoride concentrations in water are much higher than normal, mostly from natural sources. Fluoride is one of the drinking water contaminants regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) because it can occur at these toxic levels. In 1986, the EPA established a maximum allowable concentration for fluoride in drinking water of 4 milligrams per liter, a guideline designed to prevent the public from being exposed to harmful levels of fluoride. Fluoride in Drinking Water reviews research on various health effects from exposure to fluoride, including studies conducted in the last 10 years.

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