NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

Support for this project was provided by the Food and Drug Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the Food Safety and Inspection Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture under Contract No. 223-01-2460, Task Orders 5 and 8, and by Health Canada under Contract No. H1021-020552/001/SS. The views presented in this report are those of the Institute of Medicine Committee on Use of Dietary Reference Intakes in Nutrition Labeling and are not necessarily those of the funding agencies.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Committee on Use of Dietary Reference Intakes in Nutrition Labeling.

Dietary reference intakes : guiding principles for nutrition labeling and fortification / Committee on Use of Dietary Reference Intakes in Nutrition Labeling, Food and Nutrition Board.

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

1. Food—Labeling. 2. Nutrition. I. Title.

TX551.I58 2004

363.19’2—dc22

2004002799

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The serpent has been a symbol of long life, healing, and knowledge among almost all cultures and religions since the beginning of recorded history. The serpent adopted as a logotype by the Institute of Medicine is a relief carving from ancient Greece, now held by the Staatliche Museen in Berlin.