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32
4.0
3.5
3.0
Permanent Strain, %
2.5
ITC
2.0 IPC
MDTS
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
Load Cycles
Figure 20. Average permanent strain response for unconfined repeated
load tests.
3.3 Flow Number 5 percent. For the confined tests with the ITC machine, the
data from one sample was not included in the analysis be-
Unconfined and confined flow number tests were performed cause a leak developed in the membrane resulting in loss of
with each machine at a temperature of 50°C. The unconfined confining stress and early failure of the specimen.
tests used a deviatioric stress of 140 kPa. The confined tests Figure 20 and Figure 21 present repeated load permanent
used a confining stress of 140 kPa and a deviatoric stress of deformation curves based on the average of the data for the
965 kPa. Four specimens were tested in each machine. The samples tested in each machine. The complete database of the
tests were continued to 10,000 cycles or a permanent strain of permanent deformation responses is presented in Appendix D.
4.0
3.5
3.0
Permanent Strain, %
2.5
ITC
2.0 IPC
MDTS
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000
Load Cycles
Figure 21. Average permanent strain response for confined repeated load tests.
