NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competencies and with regard for appropriate balance.
This report was prepared with the support of the U.S. Department of Energy, Grant No. DE-FG41-95R110859. However, any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of DOE.
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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine
National Academy of Sciences
National Academy of Engineering
Institute of Medicine
National Research Council
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COMMITTEE ON MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES FOR PROCESS INDUSTRIES
JOSEPH G. WIRTH
(chair),
Raychem Corporation (retired), Mt. Shasta, California
CORBY G. ANDERSON,
University of Montana, Butte
ORVILLE HUNTER, JR.,
A.P. Green Industries, Incorporated (retired), Columbia, Missouri
SYLVIA M. JOHNSON,
NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California
HARRY A. LIPSITT,
Wright State University (emeritus), Dayton, Ohio
NICHOLAS MONTANARELLI,
Ballistic Missile Defense Organization, Washington, D.C.
ANATOLY NEMZER,
FMC Corporation, Princeton, New Jersey
HAROLD W. PAXTON,
Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
PETER H. PFROMM,
Institute of Paper Science and Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
FREDERIC J-Y QUAN,
Corning Incorporated, Corning, New York
MICHAEL P. THOMAS,
Alcan Aluminum Corporation, Farmington Hills, Michigan
SHELDON M. WIEDERHORN,
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
National Materials Advisory Board Staff
ARUL MOZHI,
Acting Director
and
Senior Program Officer
TERI THOROWGOOD,
Research Associate
PAT A. WILLIAMS,
Administrative Assistant
Government Liaisons
MERRILL SMITH,
U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C.
CHARLES A. SORRELL,
U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C.
NATIONAL MATERIALS ADVISORY BOARD
EDGAR A. STARKE
(chair)
University of Virginia, Charlottesville
EARL DOWELL,
Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
EDWARD C. DOWLING,
Cleveland Cliffs, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio
THOMAS EAGAR,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge
HAMISH L. FRASER,
Ohio State University, Columbus
ALASTAIR M. GLASS,
Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, New Jersey
MARTIN E. GLICKSMAN,
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
JOHN A.S. GREEN,
Aluminum Association, Inc., Washington, D.C.
THOMAS S. HARTWICK,
TRW, Redmond, Washington
ALLAN J. JACOBSON,
University of Houston, Houston, Texas
MICHAEL JAFFE,
New Jersey Institute of Technology and Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark
SYLVIA M. JOHNSON,
NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California
SHEILA F. KIA,
General Motors Research and Development Center, Warren, Michigan
LISA KLEIN,
Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway
HARRY A. LIPSITT,
Wright State University (emeritus), Dayton, Ohio
ALAN G. MILLER,
Boeing Commercial Airplane Group, Seattle, Washington
ROBERT C. PFAHL, JR.,
Motorola, Schaumburg, Illinois
JULIA PHILLIPS,
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico
HENRY J. RACK,
Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina
KENNETH L. REIFSNIDER,
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg
T.S. SUDARSHAN,
Materials Modification, Inc., Fairfax, Virginia
JULIA WEERTMAN,
Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
National Materials Advisory Board Staff
ARUL MOZHI,
Acting Director
Preface
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Industrial Technology (OIT) requested that the National Research Council, through the National Materials Advisory Board (NMAB), conduct a study to evaluate its crosscutting materials programs. The committee on Materials Technologies for Process Industries was established to review OIT’s materials programs and management strategies, identify research and application needs, and identify barriers to commercialization. In addition, the committee was asked to recommend criteria for selecting and prioritizating future research. The recommendations reflect OIT’s transition to the “market-pull”management strategy recently adopted by the Industries of the Future (IOF) Program.
The following specific tasks were addressed by the committee through a three-day workshop:
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Review the progress and accomplishments of OIT’s crosscutting materials technology programs.
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Describe program-management strategies, such as criteria for project selection, plans for commercialization, and industry involvement.
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Describe successful and unsuccessful efforts by OIT to develop commercial applications for new or advanced materials technologies.
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Identify research opportunities or potential future applications in the OIT target industries.
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Recommend criteria for selecting and prioritizing projects for further research and development of new or advanced materials technologies.
The committee met with DOE program managers and industry representatives in Washington, D.C., on September 15, 16, and 17, 1999, to discuss progress, accomplishments, and strategies of OIT’s materials programs. This report includes reviews of workshop presentations and offers recommendations for strengthening and focusing OIT’s programs.
The chair thanks the committee members for their participation in the workshop and their effort and dedication in preparing this report. The chair also thanks the
speakers and participants in the workshop, as well as the staff of NMAB, especially Arul Mozhi, for arranging the workshop and providing substantial assistance in the preparation and publication of the committee’s report.
Comments and suggestions can be sent via e-mail to NMAB@nas.edu or by fax to (202) 334-3718.
JOSEPH G. WIRTH, chair
Committee on Materials Technologies for Process Industries
Acknowledgments
The Committee on Materials Technologies for Process Industries would like to thank all of the participants in the workshop, which was the principal data-gathering session for this study. The information and insight from the participants were invaluable to the committee.
The committee would like to thank those individuals who prepared presentations for the workshop. Presenters included: Brent Hiskey, University of Arizona; Egon Wolff, Caterpillar, Inc; Mark J. Rigali, Advanced Ceramics Research, Inc.; Peter Pfromm, Institute of Paper Science and Technology; Homi Bhedwar, Dupont; Frederic Quan, Corning, Inc; John Green, The Aluminum Association; Jeffrey Smith, University of Missouri-Rolla; Raymond Donahue, Mercury Marine; George Mochnal, Forging Industry Association; Robert Gaster, John Deere and Company; Steve Furey, Sandusky International; William Werst, U.S. Advanced Ceramics Association; Phillip Craig, AlliedSignal Composites, Inc; Rich Goettler, McDermott Technologies; James Schienle, AlliedSignal Ceramic Components; Peter Angelini and Michael Karnitz, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; and William Parks, Charles Sorrell, Merrill Smith, Patricia Hoffman, Sara Dillich, and Toni Marechaux, U.S. Department of Energy Office of Industrial Technology.
The committee is particularly grateful to Charles Sorrell and Merrill Smith of the Office of Industrial Technology for their technical assistance and Jim Quinn and Denise Swink of the Office of Industrial Technology for their support.
This report has been reviewed by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the NRC’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the authors and the NRC in making the published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The content of the review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their participation in the review of this report: Lisa Klein, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey; Jay Lee, University of
Wisconsin-Milwaukee; Francis McMichael, Carnegie-Mellon University; and John Green, The Aluminum Association.
Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Norman Gjostein, Ford Motor Company (retired), appointed by the Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, who was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.
Finally, the panel gratefully acknowledges the support of the staff of the National Research Council and National Materials Advisory Board (NMAB), including Arul Mozhi, study director; Thomas E. Munns, former NMAB associate director (now at ARINC); Teri Thorowgood, research associate; Patricia Williams, senior project assistant; and Carol R. Arenberg, editor.