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C H A P T E R 19 Changeable Message Signs When to Use Changeable Message Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19-2 Presentation to Maximize Visibility and Legibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19-4 Determining Appropriate Message Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19-6 Composing a Message to Maximize Comprehension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19-8 Displaying Messages with Dynamic Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19-10 Changeable Message Signs for Speed Reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19-12 Presentation of Bilingual Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19-14 19-1