Practices to Manage Traffic Sign Retroreflectivity (2012)

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

31 RefeRences 1. Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, 2009 ed., Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C., Dec. 2009. 2. U.S. Department of Transportation and Related Agen- cies Appropriations Act of 1992, Public Law 102-388, 106 Statute 1520, section 406. 3. Paniati, J.F. and D.J. Mace, Minimum Retroreflectivity Requirements for Traffic Signs, Technical Report, Report FHWA-RD-93-077, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C., Oct. 1993. 4. Mercier, C., C. Goodspeed, C.J. Simmons, and J.F. Paniati, “Evaluation of Proposed Minimum Retroreflectivity Requirements for Traffic Signs,” Transportation Research Record 1495, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1995, pp. 57–67. 5. Carlson, P.J. and H.G. Hawkins, Updated Minimum Retroreflectivity Levels for Traffic Signs, Report FHWA- RD-03-81, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Depart- ment of Transportation, Washington, D.C., 2004. 6. Opiela, K.S. and C.K. Andersen, Maintaining Traf­ fic Sign Retroreflectivity: Impacts on State and Local Agencies, Report FHWA HRDS-05, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C., Apr. 2007. 7. Kilgour, M.D., J.D. White, and D.M. Bullock, “Sign Retroreflectivity: Fiscal Impact of Proposed Minimum Retroreflectivity Values on Local Governments in Indiana and Investigation of Accuracy of Nighttime Inspections,” 86th Annual Meeting of the Transporta- tion Research Board, Compendium of Papers CD-ROM, Transportation Research Board of the National Acad- emies, Washington, D.C., 2007. 8. Ford, S.H. and E.C. Calvert, “Evaluation of a Low Cost Program of Road System Traffic Safety Reviews for County Highways,” presented at the Transportation Research Board’s 8th International Conference on Low- Volume Roads, June 2003. 9. Finley, M.D., Low Cost Local Road Safety Solutions, Vol. 1, No. 1, The American Traffic Safety Services Association, Fredericksburg, Va., Mar. 2006. 10. Hawkins, H.G. and P.J. Carlson, “Results of Visual Evaluations of Sign Retroreflectivity Compared with Minimum Retroreflectivity Recommendations,” Trans­ portation Research Record 1754, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washing- ton, D.C., 2001, pp. 11–20. 11. Lagergren, E.A., Traffic Sign Retroreflectivity Measure­ ments Using Human Observers, Report WA-RD-140.1, Washington State Transportation Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Dec. 1987. 12. Hawkins, G.H., P.J. Carlson, J.B. McCaleb, and C.R McIlroy, Impact of Minimum Retroreflectivity Values on Sign Replacement Practices, FHWA/TX-97/1275-1F, Texas Transportation Institute, College Station, Oct. 1996. 13. Rasdorf, W.J., J.E. Hummer, E.A. Harris, V.P. Immaneni, and C. Yeom, Designing an Efficient Nighttime Sign Inspection Procedure to Ensure Motorist Safety, FHWA/ NC/2006-08, North Caroline State University, Raleigh, Sep. 2006. 14. Maintaining Traffic Sign Retroreflectivity, Publication FHWA-SA-07-020, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C., 2007. 15. Standard Test Method for Measurement of Retroreflective Signs Using a Portable Retroreflectometer, ASTM E1709- 00e1, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, Pa. 16. Work Plan for the Field and Laboratory Evaluation of Sign Sheeting Materials, National Transportation Prod- uct Evaluation Program, Washington, D.C., Jan. 2008. 17. Carlson, P.J. and M.S. Lupes, Methods for Maintaining Traffic Sign Retroreflectivity, FHWA-HRT-08-026, Texas Transportation Institute, College Station, Nov. 2003. 18. Standard Specification for Retroreflective Sheeting for Traffic Control, ASTM D4956-11a, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, Pa. 19. Black, K.L., S.F. Hussain, and J.F. Paniati, “Deterioration of Retroreflective Traffic Signs,” ITE Journal, Vol. 62, July 1992, pp. 16–22. 20. Wolshon, B., R. Degeyter, and J. Swargam, “Analysis and Predictive Modeling of Road Sign Retroreflectiv- ity Performance,” prepared for the 16th Biennial Sym- posium on Visibility and Simulation, Iowa City, Iowa, June 2–4, 2002. 21. Bischoff, A. and D. Bullock, Sign Retroreflectivity Study, FHWA/IN/JTRP-2002/22, Joint Transportation Research Program, West Lafayette, Ind., Dec. 2002. 22. Minnesota DOT’s Traffic Sign Maintenance/Management Handbook, Report No. 2010RIC10, Version 1.1, Mn/DOT Research Services Section, St. Paul, Oct. 2010. 23. Re, J.M., J.D. Miles, and P.J. Carlson, “An Analysis of In-Service Traffic Sign Retroreflectivity and Deteriora- tion Rates in Texas,” Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2258, Transportation Research Board of the National Acad- emies, Washington, D.C., 2011, pp. 88–94. 24. Nahrwold, T., Field Inspections for Sheet Sign Life Cycle, Operations Memorandum 11-01, Division of High- way Maintenance, Indiana Department of Transportation, Indianapolis, Jan. 24, 2011. 25. Weather Database [Online]. Available: http://www. weatherbase.com [accessed July 27, 2011]. 26. The National Climatic Data Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, D.C. [Online]. Available: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/online/ ccd/wndspd.txt [accessed July 27, 2011]. 27. Brimley, B.K. and H.G. Hawkins, “Analysis of Retrore- flectivity and Color Degradation in Sign Sheeting,” pre- sented at the 90th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington D.C., Jan. 2011.