Appendix E
Acronyms and Initialisms
ABoVE |
Arctic-Boreal Vulnerability Experiment |
AEM |
Airborne Electromagnetic |
AirMOSS |
Airborne Microwave Observatory of Subcanopy and Subsurface |
AIRS |
Atmospheric Infrared Sounder |
AIRSAR |
Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar |
AirSWOT |
Air Surface Water and Ocean Topography |
ALOS-2 |
Advanced Land Observing Satellite-2 |
ALT |
Active Layer Thickness |
AMSR |
Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer |
ASCAT |
Advanced Scatterometer |
ASTER |
Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer |
ATLAS |
Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System |
AVHRR |
Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer |
AVIRIS |
Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer |
CALM |
Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring |
CASI |
Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager |
CIR |
Color Infrared |
CoReH2O |
Cold Regions Hydrology |
CrIS |
Cross-track Infrared Sounder |
DEM |
Digital Elevation Model |
DOE |
U.S. Department of Energy |
DOI |
U.S. Department of the Interior |
DUE |
Data User Element |
ECV |
Essential Climate Variable |
EM |
Electromagnetic Spectrum |
ENVISAT |
Environmental Satellite |
EO-1 |
Earth Observing 1 |
ESA |
European Space Agency |
EU |
European Union |
FLEX |
Fluorescence Explorer |
GCOM-C |
Global Change Observation Mission (Climate) |
GCOM-W |
Global Change Observation Mission (Water) |
GCOS |
Global Climate Observing System |
GIS |
Geographic Information System |
GOES |
Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite |
GOSAT |
Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite |
GPM |
Global Precipitation Measurement |
GPR |
Ground-Penetrating Radar |
GRACE |
Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment |
GRACE-FO |
Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment-Follow-On |
HRV |
High-Resolution Visible |
HyspIRI |
Hyperspectral Infrared Imager |
IEM |
Integrated Ecosystem Model |
IGOS |
Integrated Global Observing Strategy |
InSAR |
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar |
IR |
Infrared |
JAXA |
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency |
LAI |
Leaf Area Index |
LiDAR |
Light Detection and Ranging |
LST |
Land Surface Temperature |
MABEL |
Multiple Altimeter Beam Experimental LiDAR |
MERRA |
Modern Era-Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications |
MLA |
Mercury Laser Altimeter |
MODIS |
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer |
NARR |
North American Regional Reanalysis |
NASA |
National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
NDVI |
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index |
NGEE |
Next Generation Ecosystem Experiments |
NIR |
Near Infrared |
OCO |
Orbiting Carbon Observatory |
OIB |
Operation IceBridge |
PALSAR |
Phased Array L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar |
POES |
Polar Operational Environmental Satellite |
QPE |
Quantitative Precipitation Estimate |
RF |
Radio Frequency |
RGB |
Red/Green/Blue |
SAR |
Synthetic Aperture Radar |
SCA |
Snow-Covered Area |
SIR-C/X-SAR |
Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C/X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar |
SMAP |
Soil Moisture Active/Passive |
Snotel |
Snowpack Telemetry |
SNPP |
Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership |
SPOT |
Satellite Pour l’Observation de la Terre |
SRTM |
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission |
SSM |
Surface Soil Moisture |
SSM/I |
Special Sensor Microwave Imager |
SWE |
Snow Water Equivalent |
SWOT |
Surface Water Ocean Topography |
TIR |
Thermal Infrared |
TWS |
Terrestrial Water Storage |
UAV |
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle |
UAVSAR |
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar |
UHF |
Ultra High Frequency |
USGS |
U.S. Geological Survey |
VHF |
Very High Frequency |
VIS-IR |
Visible Infrared |
VLF |
Very Low Frequency |
VSWIR |
Visible Shortwave Infrared |
WMO |
World Meteorological Organization |