I How the Study Was Conducted
This study is the result of several years' activity by the Ocean Studies Board (OSB) and the U.S. ocean science community. The Board convened three workshops, one on facilities (May 30–31, 1990) and two on future science directions in oceanography (March 11–12 in Irvine, California and April 22, 1991 in Washington, D.C.). Additional community input was sought through two special sessions at meetings of the American Geophysical Union. In addition, the OSB surveyed federal agencies and academic institutions on fiscal, physical, and human resources.
The OSB especially thanks scientists who were not members of the Board during the duration of this study but who contributed to or reviewed portions of this report or contributed at one of its workshops:
Alice Alldredge
Neil Andersen
David Aubrey
Arthur Baggeroer
D. James Baker
Karl Banse
William Berggren
Michael Brown
Otis Brown
Harry Bryden
David Christie
Thomas Church
Michael Coffin
Russ Davis
John Delaney
Roland deSzoeke
Tom Dickey
Andrew Dickson
Hugh Ducklow
Ann Durbin
John Edmond
J. Farrell
Fred Fisher
Jeff Fox
Gary L. Geernaert
Wayne R. Geyer
Joel Goldman
Jeff Graham
George Grice
Melinda Hall
David Halpern
Eric Hartwig
James Hays
Thomas Hayward
G. Ross Heath
Kenneth Johnson
Peter Jumars
Keith Kaulum
James Kennett
Dana R. Kester
Victor Klemas
Devendra Lal
Richard Lambert
Donald Langenberg
Charles Langmuir
Art Lerner-Lam
James Ledwell
Bonnie MacGregor
Curt Mason
Marsha McNutt
Joan Mitchell
Ralph Moberly
Christopher Mooers
J. Bradford Mooney
Jason Phipps Morgan
Waiter Munk
John Mutter
Stewart Nelson
William A. Nierenberg
Peter Niiler
Charles Nittrouer
Worth Nowlin
E. Okal
Donald Olson
William Patzert
Charles Peterson
Michael Pilson
Robert Pinkel
Nicolas Pisais
Robert Presley
Joseph Prospero
Barry Raleigh
Desiraju B. Rao
Roger Revelle
Peter Rhines
Steve Riser
Paola Rizzoli
Bruce Rosendahl
Thomas Rossby
George Saunders
David Schink
Ronald Schlitz
Raymond W. Schmitt
Jerry Schubel
Bert Semtner
Thomas Shipley
Eugene A. Silva
Michael R. Sissenwine
George Somero
Derek W. Spencer
William Stubblefield
Fumiko Tajima
Taro Takahashi
Ronald Tipper
Brian E. Tucholke
Pat Walsh
Clinton Winant
Xiao-Hai Yan
James Yoder