2015-2016
ASSESSMENT OF THE ARMY RESEARCH LABORATORY: INTERIM REPORT
Army Research Laboratory Technical Assessment Board
Laboratory Assessments Board
Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, DC
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001
This activity was supported by Contract No. W911QX-14-C-0039 from the Army Research Laboratory. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-39207-5
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-39207-1
Digital Object Identifier: 10.17226/21916
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Copyright 2016 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. 2015-2016 Assessment of the Army Research Laboratory: Interim Report. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi:10.17226/21916.
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ARMY RESEARCH LABORATORY TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT BOARD
JENNIE S. HWANG, NAE,1 H-Technologies Group, Chair
KENNETH R. BOFF, Socio-Technical Sciences
MARK EBERHART, Colorado School of Mines
GEORGE (RUSTY) T. GRAY III, Los Alamos National Laboratory
PRABHAT HAJELA, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
WESLEY L. HARRIS, NAE, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Staff
EVA LABRE, Administrative Coordinator
JAMES P. McGEE, Director
ARUL MOZHI, Senior Program Officer
ANDREA L. SHELTON, Administrative Assistant (until December 24, 2015)
PANEL ON BALLISTICS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
AT THE ARMY RESEARCH LABORATORY
GEORGE (RUSTY) T. GRAY III,* Los Alamos National Laboratory, Chair
CHARLES E. ANDERSON, JR., CEA Consulting
MELVIN R. BAER,* Sandia National Laboratories
CAMERON R. (DALE) BASS,* Duke University
ELLIOT L. CHAIKOF,* NAM,2 Harvard Medical School
J. GARY EDEN,* NAE, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
ROGER GHANEM,* University of Southern California
ZELDA GILLS,* Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company
LEE M. HAMMARSTROM, Pennsylvania State University, Applied Research Laboratory
DAVID M. HIGDON, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
MICHAEL JAFFE,* New Jersey Institute of Technology
JERRY A. KRILL,* Johns Hopkins University, Applied Physics Laboratory
WILLIAM S. MARRAS,1* Ohio State University
ALLAN T. MENSE,* Raytheon Missile Systems
GARY L. MESSING, Pennsylvania State University
ALAN NEEDLEMAN,* NAE, Texas A&M University
DONALD PROSNITZ,* Independent Consultant
GEORGE C. SCHATZ, NAS,3 Northwestern University
FRANK J. SERNA,* Charles Stark Draper Laboratory
JOSEPH E. SHEPHERD, California Institute of Technology
LESLIE E. SMITH,* National Institute of Standards and Technology (retired)
STEVEN F. SON,* Purdue University
GHATU SUBHASH, University of Florida
_______________________________
1 NAE, member of the National Academy of Engineering.
* Asterisks denote members who participated in the 2015 meeting.
2 NAM, member of the National Academy of Medicine.
3 NAS, member of the National Academy of Sciences.
TRACY J. VOGLER,* Sandia National Laboratories
ELIHU ZIMET,* Independent Consultant
PANEL ON HUMAN FACTORS SCIENCE
AT THE ARMY RESEARCH LABORATORY
KENNETH R. BOFF,* Socio-Technical Sciences, Chair
BRUCE G. BERG,* University of California, Irvine
MICHAEL L. BONINGER,* NAM, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
LINDA NG BOYLE,* University of Washington
BARRETT S. CALDWELL,* Purdue University
BARBARA A. DOSHER,* NAS, University of California, Irvine
FRANCIS (FRANK) T. DURSO,* Georgia Institute of Technology
HOWARD EGETH,* Johns Hopkins University
RALPH R. ETIENNE-CUMMINGS, Johns Hopkins University
JOHN H. (JACK) HAMMOND,* Lockheed Martin (retired)
MOSHE KAM,* New Jersey Institute of Technology
JOHN LACH,* University of Virginia
MARGARET L. LOPER,* Georgia Tech Research Institute
WILLIAM W. LYTTON,* SUNY Downstate Medical Center
GEORGE R. MANGUN, University of California, Davis
STEPHEN C. MERRIMAN,* The Boeing Company
KATHERINE L. MORSE,* Johns Hopkins University, Applied Physics Laboratory
J. ANTHONY MOVSHON,* NAS, New York University
SHRIKANTH (SHRI) S. NARAYANAN,* University of Southern California
BARBARA G. SHINN-CUNNINGHAM,* Boston University
MARY C. WHITTON,* University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
KING-HAY YANG,* Wayne State University
PANEL ON INFORMATION SCIENCE
AT THE ARMY RESEARCH LABORATORY
PRABHAT HAJELA,* Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Chair
TILAK AGERWALA,* International Business Machines Corporation (retired)
JEAN M. ANDINO, Arizona State University
DAVID W. AUCSMITH, University of Washington
PETER A. BELING,* University of Virginia
RONALD J. BRACHMAN,* Yahoo, Incorporated
KATHLEEN M. CARLEY, Carnegie Mellon University
JOHN M. CARROLL,* Pennsylvania State University
JOHN F. CASHEN, NAE, Northrop Grumman Corporation
VINTON G. CERF, Google, Incorporated
BRONIS R. DE SUPINSKI,* Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
MARK E. DEAN,* NAE, University of Tennessee, Knoxville
MICHAEL J. FRANKLIN,* University of California, Berkeley
IRENE GREIF,* NAE, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center
JONATHAN GRUDIN,* Microsoft Research
VERLIN B. HINSZ, North Dakota State University
BARRY M. HOROWITZ,* NAE, University of Virginia
MARY JANE IRWIN,* NAE, Pennsylvania State University
JAMES T. KAJIYA,* NAE, Microsoft Corporation
GEORGE KARYPIS,* University of Minnesota
CHARLES E. KOLB, NAE, Aerodyne Research, Incorporated
VIPIN KUMAR,* University of Minnesota
JOHN M. LANICCI, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
GUY M. LOHMAN,* IBM Research—Almaden Center
KYRAN D. MISH,* Sandia National Laboratories
J. GREGORY MORRISETT,* Harvard University
RANDOLPH L. MOSES,* Ohio State University
JOSE M.F. MOURA,* NAE, Carnegie Mellon University
LINDA A. NESS,* Independent Consultant
AROGYASWAMI J. PAULRAJ,* NAE, Stanford University
RADIA PERLMAN,* EMC Corporation
KALYAN PERUMALLA,* Oak Ridge National Laboratory
H. VINCENT POOR, NAE/NAS, Princeton University
PADMA RAGHAVAN, Pennsylvania State University
NEIL G. SIEGEL, NAE, Northrop Grumman Information Systems
SALVATORE J. STOLFO, Columbia University
STEVEN J. WALLACH,* NAE, Micron Technology, Incorporated
PANEL ON MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
AT THE ARMY RESEARCH LABORATORY
MARK E. EBERHART,* Colorado School of Mines, Chair
RICHARD C. ALKIRE,* NAE, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
STANLEY ATCITTY,* Sandia National Laboratories
MICHAEL BASKES,* NAE, Los Alamos National Laboratory
JOSEPH J. BEAMAN, JR., NAE, University of Texas, Austin
WILLIAM J. BOETTINGER, NAE, National Institute of Standards and Technology (retired)
PAUL V. BRAUN,* University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
LALIT C. CHHABILDAS,* Air Force Research Laboratory (retired)
DIANNE CHONG, The Boeing Company (retired)
STEPHEN CREAGER,* Clemson University
NEIL A. DUFFIE, University of Wisconsin, Madison
AMY E. DUWEL, Charles Stark Draper Laboratory
HORACIO D. ESPINOSA, Northwestern University
MICHAEL ETTENBERG,* NAE, Dolce Technologies
JAMES S. HARRIS, NAE, Stanford University
W. JOHN KAO,* University of Wisconsin, Madison
THOMAS L. KOCH,* NAE, University of Arizona
CHRISTIAN MAILHIOT,* Washington State University
CHRIS A. MARIANETTI,* Columbia University
MARC A. MEYERS,* University of California, San Diego
DAVID J. MOONEY,* NAE/NAM, Harvard University
DUNCAN T. MOORE,* NAE, University of Rochester
KARIN M. RABE,* NAS, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey
KRISHNA RAJAN, University of Buffalo, State University of New York
ALAN S. RUDOLPH,* Colorado State University
ROBERT E. SCHAFRIK, NAE, General Electric Aviation (retired)
STEWART A. SILLING,* Sandia National Laboratories
NARESH N. THADHANI,* Georgia Institute of Technology
PANEL ON MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
AT THE ARMY RESEARCH LABORATORY
WESLEY L. HARRIS,* NAE, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Chair
RUZENA K. BAJCSY,* NAE/NAM, University of California, Berkeley
L. CATHERINE BRINSON, Northwestern University
FU-KUO CHANG,* Stanford University
GLENN S. DAEHN, Ohio State University
GREGORY D. HAGER,* Johns Hopkins University
RAINER HEBERT,* University of Connecticut
AYANNA M. HOWARD,* Georgia Institute of Technology
AGNES C. KLUCHA,* UTC Aerospace Systems*
WILLIAM Q. MEEKER, JR.,* Iowa State University
DAVID A. PETERS,* Washington University
ARMANDO A. RODRIGUEZ,* Arizona State University
KENNETH M. ROSEN,* NAE, Aero-Science Technology Associates, LLC
JAYANT S. SABNIS, Pratt & Whitney
MICHAEL SALKIND,* Indus International, Incorporated
F. STAN SETTLES,* NAE, University of Southern California
JULIE A. SHAH,* Massachusetts Institute of Technology
WILLIAM A. SIRIGNANO,* NAE, University of California, Irvine
EDWARD C. SMITH,* Pennsylvania State University
CHARLES E. THORPE,* Clarkson University
RYAN B. WICKER, University of Texas, El Paso
DENNIS F. WILKIE,* NAE, Ford Motor Company and Motorola, Incorporated (retired)
HOLLY YANCO,* University of Massachusetts, Lowell
BEN T. ZINN,* NAE, Georgia Institute of Technology
LABORATORY ASSESSMENTS BOARD
JOHN W. LYONS, NAE, National Defense University (retired), Chair
ROSS B. COROTIS, NAE, University of Colorado, Boulder
PAUL A. FLEURY, NAS/NAE, Yale University
C. WILLIAM GEAR, NAE, Princeton University
WESLEY L. HARRIS, NAE, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
JENNIE S. HWANG, NAE, H-Technologies Group
W. CARL LINEBERGER, NAS, University of Colorado, Boulder
C. KUMAR N. PATEL, NAS/NAE, Pranalytica, Incorporated
ELSA REICHMANIS, NAE, Georgia Institute of Technology
LYLE H. SCHWARTZ, NAE, Air Force Office of Scientific Research (retired)
Staff
LIZA HAMILTON, Associate Program Officer
EVA LABRE, Administrative Coordinator
JAMES P. McGEE, Director
ARUL MOZHI, Senior Program Officer
ANDREA L. SHELTON, Administrative Assistant (until December 24, 2015)
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Acknowledgment of Reviewers
This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this report:
Rodney J. Clifton, NAE, Brown University,
Nancy J. Cooke, Arizona State University,
Paul A. Fleury, NAS/NAE, Yale University,
William D. Gropp, NAE, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign,
Emilie M. Roth, Roth Cognitive Engineering, and
Dwight C. Streit, NAE, University of California, Los Angeles.
Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations, nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Paul M. Bevilaqua, NAE, Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company, who was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring board and the institution.
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Contents
The Biennial Assessment Process
Preparation and Organization of This Report
Approach Taken During Report Preparation
Biological and Bioinspired Materials
Engineered Photonics Materials
3 SCIENCES FOR LETHALITY AND PROTECTION
System Intelligence and Intelligent Systems
Advanced Computing Architectures
Assessing Mission Capability of Systems
8 CROSSCUTTING CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS AND EXCEPTIONAL ACCOMPLISHMENTS
Research Portfolio, Niche Areas, and Staff Development
Integration of Research and Systems Engineering
ARL Responses to Recommendations
A Army Research Laboratory Organization and Science and Technology Campaign Framework
B Biographical Sketches of Army Research Laboratory Technical Assessment Board Members and Staff