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IMPLEMENTATION OF RESEARCH 105 References and Notes 1 SAE J3016 is the Society of Automotive Engineers Standard titled â Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for OnâRoad Motor Vehicles; the standard was revised September 30, 2016. 2 http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/sr/sr253.html 3 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA_Grand_Challenge 4 http://www.its.dot.gov/landing/cv.htm 5 http://www.nhtsa.gov/Research/Crash+Avoidance/VehicleâtoâVehicle+Communications+for+Safety 6 http://www.its.dot.gov/safety_pilot/ 7 http://www.its.dot.gov/pilots/ 8 http://www.path.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/documents/IM_15â1_low%20%282%29.pdf 9 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_guideway_transit 10 https://www.transit.dot.gov/funding/applying/noticesâfunding/mobilityâdemandâmodâsandboxâ program 11 Observatory of Automated Metros, http://metroautomation.org/. 12http://orfe.princeton.edu/~alaink/SmartDrivingCars/Stanford_TRB_Conf_July2013/Transit&SharedMo bility/Lott_TRB_Stanford.pdf 13 Safety analyses of AGT/APM systems identify hazards which describe a condition that could result in an accident, without identifying an accident or potential causes. Distinguishing the hazard from the accident and its causes facilitates hazard analysis and selection of the mitigations designed to eliminate or reduce risk. Examples of hazards are trainâtoâtrain collision, trainâtoâstructure collision, train collision with other object, and person struck by a train. 14 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_guideway_transit 15 https://www.accessâboard.gov/guidelinesâandâstandards/transportation/facilities/adaâstandardsâforâ transportationâfacilities 16 http://www.path.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/publications/PRRâ2009â12.pdf 17 https://company.here.com/automotive/intelligentâcar/hereâhdâliveâmap/ 18 https://www.eutruckplatooning.com/About/default.aspx  19 http://www.citymobil2.eu/en/ 20 http://arstechnica.com/cars/2016/01/finallyâoverâtheâairâsoftwareâupdatesâforâyourâcarâareâ becomingâaâreality/ 21 http://www.nhtsa.gov/nhtsa/av/ 22 CAMP â Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership (CAMP) Automated Vehicle Research (AVR) Consortium http://wwwâesv.nhtsa.dot.gov/Proceedings/24/files/24ESVâ000451.PDFÂ
IMPLEMENTATION OF RESEARCH 106 23   James Martin, et al; University of North Carolina, Certification for Autonomous Vehicles https://www.cs.unc.edu/~anderson/teach/comp790a/certification.pdf 24 http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/57000/57000/57076/Review_FMVSS_AV_Scan.pdf 25 https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FRâ2016â08â11/pdf/2016â18920.pdf 26   https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/FTA_SMS_Framework.pdf 27 https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FRâ2016â03â16/pdf/2016â05489.pdf 28   Text combined from the descriptions found to NHTSA reports, with web links provided in Section 1 above â see page 2 in NHTSA Assessment of Safety Standards for Automotive Electronic Control Systems, and pp. 7â9 in NHTSA Report to Congress: âElectronic Systems Performance in Passenger Motor Vehiclesâ. 29   Table 1 Definition of Safety and Hazard, p. 11; NHTSA Assessment of Safety Standards for Automotive Electronic Control Systems; DOT HS 812 285, June 2016 30   http://ascelibrary.org/doi/book/10.1061/9780784412985 31 In Figure 10, PFH = âprobable failures per hourâ and MTBHE = âmean time between hazardous eventsâ 32   P. 23, Section 3.11 Review, Audit, and Certification; NHTSA Assessment of Safety Standards for Automotive Electronic Control Systems; DOT HS 812 285, June 2016 33 P. 9, Section 3.1.1 Process Prescription, Ibid 34 https://www.nhtsa.gov/DOT/NHTSA/NVS/Public%20Meetings/SAE/2015/2015SAEâHommesâ SafetyAnalysisApproaches.pdf 35 https://economics.mit.edu/files/11563 36 https://www.aerotek.com/insights/workingâinâamericaâtheâonsetâandâimpactâofâautomation 37 http://reason.com/archives/2015/03/07/automationâmayâbeâlaborâunionâdeathâknel 38 http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/tcrp/tcrp_lrd_04.pdf 39 https://www.dol.gov/olms/regs/compliance/statuteâsect5333b.htm 40 Note that NCHRP 20â102 (09) Providing Support to the Introduction of CV/AV impacts into Regional Transportation Planning and Modeling is currently onâgoing and anticipated for completion in 2018. 41 http://orfe.princeton.edu/mwgâ internal/de5fs23hu73ds/progress?id=IIwQlPRptnVw3pMVwC5ypYo9uCâocLTKfudSflQAdF4, 42   http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/01/willâdriverlessâcarsâbecomeâaâdystopianâ nightmare/459222/ 43   Refer to Working Paper #2 Safety Assurance Consideration, Chapter 2 USDOT Safety Initiatives 44 https://www.dol.gov/olms/regs/compliance/compltransit.htm 45 https://www.osha.gov/Publications/Mach_SafeGuard/chapt6.html 46 https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/FTA_Title_VI_FINAL.pdfÂ
IMPLEMENTATION OF RESEARCH 107 47 https://www.transit.dot.gov/regulationsâandâguidance/ftaâcirculars/environmentalâjusticeâpolicyâ guidanceâfederalâtransit 48 https://www.epa.gov/environmentaljustice/federalâinteragencyâworkingâgroupâenvironmentalâ justiceâejâiwg 49 https://www.transit.dot.gov/regulationsâandâguidance/civilârightsâada/adaâregulations 50 https://www.transit.dot.gov/regulationsâandâguidance/ftaâcirculars/americansâdisabilitiesâactâ guidanceâpdf 51 http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/57000/57000/57076/Review_FMVSS_AV_Scan.pdf 52 http://www.markey.senate.gov/news/pressâreleases/sensâmarkeyâblumenthalâintroduceâlegislationâ toâprotectâdriversâfromâautoâsecurityâprivacyârisksâwithâstandardsâandâcyberâdashboardâratingâsystem 53 https://www.congress.gov/bill/114thâcongress/senateâbill/1806/allâinfo 54 https://www.automotiveisac.com/bestâpractices/ 55 NHTSA Federal Automated Vehicle Policy, Sept 2016. http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0ahUKEwiGxKOxhL3PAhU G6mMKHdENDT8QFggkMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhtsa.gov%2Fnhtsa%2Fav%2Fpdf%2FFederal_ Automated_Vehicles_Policy.pdf&usg=AFQjCNHSgKVEpfw_sEOcV6VFGd7uefwI6A&sig2=mâ GdAFvdtQlYo8mcuZK11A 56 https://www.nap.edu/download/23520 57 https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFRâ2011âtitle49âvol6/xml/CFRâ2011âtitle49âvol6âpart563.xml 58http://www.nhtsa.gov/About+NHTSA/Press+Releases/U.S.+DOT+Proposes+Broader+Use+of+Event+Da ta+Recorders+to+Help+Improve+Vehicle+Safety 59 https://www.huntonprivacyblog.com/wpâ content/uploads/sites/18/2011/04/DDP2015_United_States.pdf 60 https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/privacyâfinal.pdf 61 http://www.trb.org/main/blurbs/175848.aspx 62 Except in certain programs where cards are used for discounted fares such as senior and children and preâpaid passes. In these cases, the userâs ownership information is linked to the cardâs use at the time of payment for verification that the pass is valid. 63 https://www.congress.gov/bill/114thâcongress/senateâbill/1806/allâinfo 64 https://www.automotiveisac.com/bestâpractices/ 65   https://www.osha.gov/Publications/Mach_SafeGuard/chapt6.htmlÂ