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NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.
This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by the Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.
The Institute of Medicine was chartered in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to enlist distinguished members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. In this, the Institute acts under both the Academy's 1863 congressional charter responsibility to be an adviser to the federal government and its own initiative in identifying issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I. Shine is the president of the Institute of Medicine.
This study was supported by the US Department of Defense under Contract Number DASW01-96-K-007. The views presented are those of the Institute of Medicine Committee on the Evaluation of the Department of Defense Comprehensive Clinical Evaluation Program and are not necessarily those of the funding organization.
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The serpent has been a symbol of long life, healing, and knowledge among almost all cultures and religions since the beginning of recorded history. The serpent adopted as a logotype by the Institute of Medicine is a relief carving from ancient Greece, now held by the Staatliche Museen in Berlin.
COMMITTEE ON THE EVALUATION OF THE DoD COMPREHENSIVE CLINICAL EVALUATION PROGRAM
Dan G. Blazer,* Chair, Dean of Medical Education and J.P. Gibbons Professor of Psychiatry,
Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
Rebecca Bascom, Director,
Environmental Research Facility, University of Maryland, Baltimore
Margit L. Bleecker, Director of the Center for Occupational and Environmental Neurology,
Baltimore, Maryland
Evelyn J. Bromet, Professor,
Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York
Gerard N. Burrow,* Special Advisor to the President for Health Affairs,
Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
Howard Kipen, Associate Professor and Chief,
Occupational Health Division, UMDNJ, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey
Adel A. Mahmoud,* Chairman,
Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio
Robert S. Pynoos, Professor of Psychiatry and Director of the Trauma Psychiatry Service,
University of California, Los Angeles, California
Guthrie L. Turner, Jr., Chief Medical Consultant,
Office of Disability Determination Services, State of Washington, Tummwater, Washington
Mark J. Utell, Professor of Medicine and Environmental Medicine and Director,
Pulmonary/Critical Care and Occupational Medicine Divisions, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
Michael H. Weisman, Professor,
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego
Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Liaison
Elena O. Nightingale,*
Scholar-in-Residence, Institute of Medicine and Board on Children, Youth and Families, Washington, DC
Board on Neuroscience and Behavioral Health Liaison
William E. Bunney, Jr.,* Distinguished Professor and Della Martin Chair of Psychiatry,
University of California, Irvine, California
Staff
Lyla M. Hernandez, Study Director
Sanjay S. Baliga, Research Associate
Donna M. Livingston, Project Assistant
Kathleen R. Stratton, Director,
Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Constance M. Pechura, Director,
Division of Neuroscience and Behavioral Health
Donna D. Thompson, Division Assistant