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ECONOMIC, LEGAL, AND PRACTICAL PROBLEMS IN HAZARDOUS WASTE 181 CLEANUP AND MANAGEMENT original typesetting files. Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted. Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution. account for less than 0.5 percent of the total quantity of hazardous waste generated every year. Nationally, most generators ship their wastes offsite, but some 20 percent neutralize, treat, recycle, or dispose of it onsite, according to the report. We estimate that in Florida, 66 percent of the waste from small-quantity generators is recycled. Wastes that are not recycled, either because it is not technologically feasible or because it is not cost-effective, must be managed properly. This means they must be shipped out of state for proper disposal or be managed in-state. There is a growing need for in-state management of hazardous waste as more and more states show increasing reluctance to accept waste from other states. The cost for disposal has steadily increased as well, with no improvement in services. In addition, 1984 amendments to the RCRA ban land disposal of certain waste. Amnesty Days Florida is laying the groundwork for an in-state system of hazardous waste management. A pilot program makes use of a mobile transfer station as the collection center for hazardous wastes from small-quantity generators, including homeowners and schools, and runs through 1986. The Florida legislature clubbed the program "Amnesty Days" since banned pesticides and other hazardous materials that have received media attention can be turned in anonymously. (Small-quantity generators were not subject to the regulation at the time Amnesty Days was passed. The program simply was created to encourage proper disposal. Participants may fill out an optional information form to help the state learn more about disposal practices, but they are not required to supply the information or their names.) The waste is packaged at the mobile transfer station and shipped out of state for incineration, recycling, or disposal. In the first year, 305 tons of waste were collected in four metropolitan areas and surrounding counties. Eighty-five percent of the participants were homeowners. Many of the collection stations in the Amnesty Days program were sited in parking lots of shopping malls. Initially, we found that some mall managers were reluctant to allow us to collect waste there, simply out of fear of "hazardous waste." They were not aware that much of the waste consisted of the same products on their store shelves. Consider, for example, two trucks passing on the interstateâone loaded with drums of hazardous waste, on its way out of Florida, with manifests and tight controls on transport and disposal; and the other loaded with chemical products, on its way into Florida, with hardly any controls. Both contents are hazardous. Not only is the Amnesty Days program increasing public awareness of the
