NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for writing this report were chosen for their special competencies and with regard for appropriate balance.
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Copyright 1999 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
POLAR RESEARCH BOARD
RICHARD B. ALLEY,
Pennsylvania State University, University Park
JOHN B. ANDERSON,
Rice University, Houston, Texas
ANTHONY J. GOW,
U.S. Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, New Hampshire
BERNARD HALLET,
University of Washington, Seattle
DAVID J. HOFMANN,
Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado
DONAL T. MANAHAN,
University of Southern California, Los Angeles
JAMES H. MORISON,
University of Washington, Seattle
WALTER C. OECHEL,
San Diego State University, California
CAROLE L. SEYFRIT,
Old Dominion University, Richlands, Virginia
GLENN E. SHAW,
University of Alaska, Fairbanks
THOMAS N. TAYLOR,
University of Kansas, Lawrence
ROBERT M. WALKER,
Washington University, St. Louis
ROBERT A. WHARTON, JR.,
Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada
Staff
CHRIS ELFRING,
Director
ROB GREENWAY,
Project Assistant
*As of February 1999, the chair rotated to Dr. Donal Manahan. |
COMMISSION ON GEOSCIENCES, ENVIRONMENT, AND RESOURCES
GEORGE M. HORNBERGER,
Chair,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville
RICHARD A. CONWAY,
Union Carbide Corporation (ret.), South Charleston, West Virginia
THOMAS E. GRAEDEL,
Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
THOMAS J. GRAFF,
Environmental Defense Fund, Oakland, California
EUGENIA KALNAY,
University of Oklahoma, Norman
DEBRA KNOPMAN,
Progressive Policy Institute, Washington, D.C.
KAI N. LEE,
Williams College, Williamstown, Massachusetts
RICHARD A. MESERVE,
Covington & Burling, Washington, D.C.
JOHN B. MOONEY, JR.,
J. Brad Mooney Associates, Ltd., Arlington, Virginia
HUGH C. MORRIS,
Canadian Global Change Program, Delta, British Columbia
H. RONALD PULLIAM,
University of Georgia, Athens
MILTON RUSSELL,
University of Tennessee, Knoxville
THOMAS C. SCHELLING,
University of Maryland, College Park
ANDREW R. SOLOW,
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
VICTORIA J. TSCHINKEL,
Landers and Parsons, Tallahassee, Florida
E-AN ZEN,
University of Maryland, College Park
MARY LOU ZOBACK,
United States Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California
NRC Staff
ROBERT M. HAMILTON,
Executive Director
GREGORY H. SYMMES,
Associate Executive Director
CRAIG SCHIFFRIES,
Associate Executive Director for Special Projects
JEANETTE SPOON,
Administrative Officer & Financial Officer
SANDI FITZPATRICK,
Administrative Associate
MARQUITA SMITH,
Administrative Assistant/Technology Analyst
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Although many people had a role in the preparation of this report and deserve thanks, special appreciation goes to the reviewers. These individuals were chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the NRC's Report Review Committee. This independent review provided candid and critical comments that assisted the authors and the NRC in making the published report as sound as possible and ensured that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The content of the review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their participation in the review of this report:
Arthur Grantz, U.S. Geological Survey
Jacqueline M. Grebmeier, University of Tennessee
John B. Mooney, Jr., J. Brad Mooney Associates, Ltd., Arlington, VA
Neil D. Opdyke, University of Florida
Frank J. Schuh, Drilling Technology, Inc., Plano, TX
Fred N. Spiess, University of California, San Diego
Philip M. Smith, McGeary and Smith, Washington, DC
While the individuals listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, responsibility for the final content of this report rests solely with the authoring committee and the NRC.
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