Biographical Memoirs Volume 57 (1987) / Chapter Skim
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Robert Franklin Pitts
Robert Franklin Pitts
Pages 322-345
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BERLINER AND GERHARD H GIEBISCH THE SCIENTIFIC CONTRIBUTIONS of Robert Franklin Pitts have been a major force in moicting the shape of renal physiology in the last half-century.
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Such an environment gives lessons in the oIct Puritan virtues of discipline and industry, economy anct careful planning; and my brother Earned them very well." At Butler University, which he entered as an unclergraduate a month before his seventeenth birthday, he ctid very well. According to his sister's account: "He was a member of Phi Delta Theta a fraternity notes!
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more definitive study of phosphate reabsorption by the renal tubules that lecT to what most would consider to be Bob Pitts's most important single contribution to renal physiology: his work on acidification of the urine. During this first six-year period at NYU, Bob explored the renal mechanisms involvecl in the excretion of a number of substances: creatine, urea, xylose, hexamethenamine, ammonia, anct phenol red.
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Although he never chose to develop his obvious talent for clinical activities, his thorough grounding in medicine influenced all his subsequent efforts, and he never failed to orient his fundamental physiological work to clinically important problems and to call attention to the relevance of his findings to medicine. Those whose exposure to biomedical science has been limited to the more recent era of relative affluence and availability of research funds may imagine that Pitts's coworkers and technicians kept things running in the lab with only periodic guidance from him, thus allowing him to continue his research in the laboratory while giving unstinted attention to the medical school curriculum.
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All that was neectect for his work in renal physiology was a little glassware, some chemicals, and a few trained clogs; so he returned to the stucly of the kidney. The next four years in New York were a period of productivity that incluclecl what Bob himself considered to be some of his best
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The first few papers that Bob Pitts producecT after taking up his position at Cornell clealt with the mechanisms for the reabsorption of amino acicis by the renal tubules. He then returned to work on the reabsorption of phosphate, which was described in a paper with Robert Alexancler as coauthor: "The Renal Reabsorptive Mechanism for Inorganic Phosphate in Normal ant]
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In acTdition, a paper with William Lotspeich, "The Role of Amino Acids in the Renal Tubular Secretion of Ammonia," introducecI a subject that in later years was to be the focus of Bob Pitts's major line of study. In 1946 Pitts left Cornell to assume the chairmanship ot the Department of Physiology at Syracuse University (the school of medicine that subsequently became the State University of New York Upstate Mectical Center)
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He regularly attencled all the lectures in the course in physiology throughout the period of his chairmanship and participated enthusiastically in the student laboratory exercises. The stream of published reports of first-rate work was never interrupted during the period of his chairmanship.
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Except for a brief dalliance with the stop-flow method in some of his studies of diuretics, Bob stuck pretty much to the intact kidney, often using the intact dog. Even when his own department became one of the leading centers of micropuncture work, Bob Pitts steered clear of that method.
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Almost everything beyond the initial identification of glutamine by Van Slyke and his associates that we know about the sources of ammonia and the renal processes involved in its excretion is based on the work of Bob Pitts. In 1974 Bob Pitts accepted emeritus status at Cornell ancI moved to the University of Florida in Gainesville where he held the rank of Research Professor in Renal Medicine anc!
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ROBERT FRANKLIN PITTS AWARDS AND DISTINCTIONS 333 1948 American Society of Clinical Investigation 1956 National Academy of Sciences 1957 American Academy of Arts and Sciences 1959 President, American Physiological Society 1960 President, Harvey Society 1960 Borden Award in Medical Science 1962 New York University Medical Alumni Award 1963 First Homer W Smith Award in Renal Physiology 1967 Honorary Master's Degree, Oxford, England 1970 American College of Physicians Award for Distinguished Contributions in Science as Related to Medicine 1972 Association of Chairmen of Departments of Physiology, First Annual Award for Distinguished Contributions to Physiology 1972 Honorary Fellowship Award, Cornell University Medical College Alumni Association
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Mast. The relation between inorganic salt concentration, hydrogen ion concentration and physiological processes in Amoeba proteus.
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The comparison of urea with urea + ammonia clearances in acidotic dogs.
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The renal reabsorptive mechanism for inorganic phosphate in normal and acidotic dogs.
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The role of amino acids in the renal tubular secretion of ammonia.
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Effects of hypoxia on renal tubular function.
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The effects of cortisone and desoxycorticosterone on the renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate and the excretion of titratable acid and potassium in dogs. Endocrinology, 52:324.
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I Blood flow, filtration rate and PAH extraction as functions of arterial pressure in normal and anemic dogs.
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Interactions of amino acids in renal tubular transport.
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deHaas. Ni5 tracer studies on the origin of urinary ammonia in the acidotic dog with notes on the enzymatic synthesis of labeled glutamic acid and glutamine.
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Med., 284:32. Metabolism of amino acids by the perfused rat kidney.
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MacLeod. The metabolism of lactate by the intact functioning kidney of the dog.
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