Interim Report for the Committee on Long-Term Research Needs for Deactivation and Decommissioning at Department of Energy Sites (2000) / Chapter Skim
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Interim Report for the Committee on Long-Term Research Needs for Deactivation and Decommissioning at Department of Energy Sites
Interim Report for the Committee on Long-Term Research Needs for Deactivation and Decommissioning at Department of Energy Sites
Pages 1-9
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research sponsored by the Environmental Management Science Program (EMSP) .2 The EMSP requested that the committee write an interim report primarily to provide advice on the technical content of a fiscal year 2001 (FY 01)
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. Three subsequent meetings, which included tours of facilities that are illustrative of major D&D challenges, were arranged as follows: · Hanford, May 24-25, 2000, focused on production reactor, separations, and filet fabrication facilities; · Oak Ridge, June 26-27, 2000, focused on research reactor, gaseous diffusion, and laboratory facilities; and lessons learned.
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Minimally invasive schemes like laser ablation mass spectroscopy (Van Hecke and Karukstis, 1998) or nonintrusive techniques like neutron activation and x-ray analysis appear to be attractive candidates for further research.
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Such research may provide a completely new way to meet the needs for characterization of contaminated materials, which were described in the earlier parts of this section. We believe specific attention to this research opportunity is warranted because the field of biotechnology is rapidly expanding, its potential was not recognized in site presentations heard by the committee, and no biosensor project was funded in the EMSP's previous D&D research solicitation.
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microbial biocorrosion Processes for structural metals and concrete are well esta~llshed and the opportunity exists to investigate fundamental processes that could facilitate volumetric reduction of waste from D&D activities. Biotechnical advances in surface treatments of contaminated structures and materials are anticipated from continuing R&D activities, elucidation of biocatalytic properties of biological systems and engineering chemicals, and biosurfactants with unique physical chemical properties (Sullivan, 1998; Banat et al., 20001.
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. A robot capable of mimicking human adaptability, however, would require a non-linear control system coupled to many parameters corresponding to the physical features that accurately represent performance of the task.
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(~) The EMSP was initiated by the 104th Congress "...to stimulate the required basic research, development and demonstration efforts to seek new and innovative cleanup methods to replace current conventional approaches which are often costly and ineffective."~° The committee agrees with the recommendation of earlier NRC reports that EMSP should emphasize basic research (NRC 1997; NRC 1999b)
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Moreover, there may be value in using an additional, different approach in which members of the scientific community are engaged on a broader sustained basis in understanding the D&D challenges and defining the underlying scientific information that is needed to develop solutions. The new technology or basic research which would effectively address these challenges may be identified more readily by the external scientific/technical community and national laboratories, than by the site operating contractors.
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The committee believes that EMSP should consider further encouraging interdisciplinary collaborations, among disciplines such as biology, physics, materials science, and engineering in its calls for proposals.~7 Due to the nature of D&D work, interdisciplinary collaborations are more likely to lead to new, deployable technologies than research in a single area. One early step could be to provide for discussion amongst the proposers of the potential projects selected from review of the FY 01 pre-proposals, perhaps in the context of an EMSP National Workshop such as that held in April 2000.
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